static int
zpl_link(struct dentry *old_dentry, struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
{
	cred_t *cr = CRED();
	struct inode *ip = old_dentry->d_inode;
	int error;
	fstrans_cookie_t cookie;

	if (ip->i_nlink >= ZFS_LINK_MAX)
		return (-EMLINK);

	crhold(cr);
	ip->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
	igrab(ip); /* Use ihold() if available */

	cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
	error = -zfs_link(dir, ip, dname(dentry), cr);
	if (error) {
		VN_RELE(ip);
		goto out;
	}

	d_instantiate(dentry, ip);
out:
	spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
	crfree(cr);
	ASSERT3S(error, <=, 0);

	return (error);
}

static void
zpl_truncate_range(struct inode *ip, loff_t start, loff_t end)
{
	cred_t *cr = CRED();
	flock64_t bf;
	fstrans_cookie_t cookie;

	ASSERT3S(start, <=, end);

	/*
	 * zfs_freesp() will interpret (len == 0) as meaning "truncate until
	 * the end of the file". We don't want that.
	 */
	if (start == end)
		return;

	crhold(cr);

	bf.l_type = F_WRLCK;
	bf.l_whence = 0;
	bf.l_start = start;
	bf.l_len = end - start;
	bf.l_pid = 0;
	cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
	zfs_space(ip, F_FREESP, &bf, FWRITE, start, cr);
	spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);

	crfree(cr);
}

zpl_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
#endif
{
	cred_t *cr = CRED();
	struct inode *ip;
	int error;
	fstrans_cookie_t cookie;

	if (dlen(dentry) > ZFS_MAXNAMELEN)
		return (ERR_PTR(-ENAMETOOLONG));

	crhold(cr);
	cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
	error = -zfs_lookup(dir, dname(dentry), &ip, 0, cr, NULL, NULL);
	spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
	ASSERT3S(error, <=, 0);
	crfree(cr);

	spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
	dentry->d_time = jiffies;
#ifndef HAVE_S_D_OP
	d_set_d_op(dentry, &zpl_dentry_operations);
#endif /* HAVE_S_D_OP */
	spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);

	if (error) {
		if (error == -ENOENT)
			return (d_splice_alias(NULL, dentry));
		else
			return (ERR_PTR(error));
	}

	return (d_splice_alias(ip, dentry));
}

static void *
zpl_follow_link(struct dentry *dentry, struct nameidata *nd)
{
	cred_t *cr = CRED();
	struct inode *ip = dentry->d_inode;
	struct iovec iov;
	uio_t uio;
	char *link;
	int error;
	fstrans_cookie_t cookie;

	crhold(cr);

	iov.iov_len = MAXPATHLEN;
	iov.iov_base = link = kmem_zalloc(MAXPATHLEN, KM_SLEEP);

	uio.uio_iov = &iov;
	uio.uio_iovcnt = 1;
	uio.uio_resid = (MAXPATHLEN - 1);
	uio.uio_segflg = UIO_SYSSPACE;

	cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
	error = -zfs_readlink(ip, &uio, cr);
	spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
	if (error) {
		kmem_free(link, MAXPATHLEN);
		nd_set_link(nd, ERR_PTR(error));
	} else {
		nd_set_link(nd, link);
	}

	crfree(cr);
	return (NULL);
}

static int
zpl_symlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, const char *name)
{
	cred_t *cr = CRED();
	vattr_t *vap;
	struct inode *ip;
	int error;
	fstrans_cookie_t cookie;

	crhold(cr);
	vap = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (vattr_t), KM_SLEEP);
	zpl_vap_init(vap, dir, S_IFLNK | S_IRWXUGO, cr);

	cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
	error = -zfs_symlink(dir, dname(dentry), vap, (char *)name, &ip, cr, 0);
	if (error == 0) {
		d_instantiate(dentry, ip);

		error = zpl_xattr_security_init(ip, dir, &dentry->d_name);
		if (error)
			(void) zfs_remove(dir, dname(dentry), cr);
	}

	spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
	kmem_free(vap, sizeof (vattr_t));
	crfree(cr);
	ASSERT3S(error, <=, 0);

	return (error);
}

static int
zpl_getattr(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry, struct kstat *stat)
{
	boolean_t issnap = ITOZSB(dentry->d_inode)->z_issnap;
	int error;
	fstrans_cookie_t cookie;

	/*
	 * Ensure MNT_SHRINKABLE is set on snapshots to ensure they are
	 * unmounted automatically with the parent file system.  This
	 * is done on the first getattr because it's not easy to get the
	 * vfsmount structure at mount time.  This call path is explicitly
	 * marked unlikely to avoid any performance impact.  FWIW, ext4
	 * resorts to a similar trick for sysadmin convenience.
	 */
	if (unlikely(issnap && !(mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_SHRINKABLE)))
		mnt->mnt_flags |= MNT_SHRINKABLE;

	cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
	error = -zfs_getattr_fast(dentry->d_inode, stat);
	spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
	ASSERT3S(error, <=, 0);

	return (error);
}

static int
zpl_mkdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, zpl_umode_t mode)
{
	cred_t *cr = CRED();
	vattr_t *vap;
	struct inode *ip;
	int error;
	fstrans_cookie_t cookie;

	crhold(cr);
	vap = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (vattr_t), KM_SLEEP);
	zpl_vap_init(vap, dir, mode | S_IFDIR, cr);

	cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
	error = -zfs_mkdir(dir, dname(dentry), vap, &ip, cr, 0, NULL);
	if (error == 0) {
		d_instantiate(dentry, ip);

		error = zpl_xattr_security_init(ip, dir, &dentry->d_name);
		if (error == 0)
			error = zpl_init_acl(ip, dir);

		if (error)
			(void) zfs_rmdir(dir, dname(dentry), NULL, cr, 0);
	}

	spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
	kmem_free(vap, sizeof (vattr_t));
	crfree(cr);
	ASSERT3S(error, <=, 0);

	return (error);
}

static void
zpl_clear_inode(struct inode *ip)
{
    fstrans_cookie_t cookie;

    cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
    zfs_inactive(ip);
    spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
}

static void
zpl_dirty_inode(struct inode *ip)
{
    fstrans_cookie_t cookie;

    cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
    zfs_dirty_inode(ip, 0);
    spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
}

static int
zpl_xattr_set(struct inode *ip, const char *name, const void *value,
    size_t size, int flags)
{
	znode_t *zp = ITOZ(ip);
	zfs_sb_t *zsb = ZTOZSB(zp);
	cred_t *cr = CRED();
	fstrans_cookie_t cookie;
	int error;

	crhold(cr);
	cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
	rrm_enter_read(&(zsb)->z_teardown_lock, FTAG);
	rw_enter(&ITOZ(ip)->z_xattr_lock, RW_WRITER);

	/*
	 * Before setting the xattr check to see if it already exists.
	 * This is done to ensure the following optional flags are honored.
	 *
	 *   XATTR_CREATE: fail if xattr already exists
	 *   XATTR_REPLACE: fail if xattr does not exist
	 */
	error = __zpl_xattr_get(ip, name, NULL, 0, cr);
	if (error < 0) {
		if (error != -ENODATA)
			goto out;

		if (flags & XATTR_REPLACE)
			goto out;

		/* The xattr to be removed already doesn't exist */
		error = 0;
		if (value == NULL)
			goto out;
	} else {
		error = -EEXIST;
		if (flags & XATTR_CREATE)
			goto out;
	}

	/* Preferentially store the xattr as a SA for better performance */
	if (zsb->z_use_sa && zsb->z_xattr_sa && zp->z_is_sa) {
		error = zpl_xattr_set_sa(ip, name, value, size, flags, cr);
		if (error == 0)
			goto out;
	}

	error = zpl_xattr_set_dir(ip, name, value, size, flags, cr);
out:
	rw_exit(&ITOZ(ip)->z_xattr_lock);
	rrm_exit(&(zsb)->z_teardown_lock, FTAG);
	spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
	crfree(cr);
	ASSERT3S(error, <=, 0);

	return (error);
}

static void
zpl_evict_inode(struct inode *ip)
{
    fstrans_cookie_t cookie;

    cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
    truncate_setsize(ip, 0);
    clear_inode(ip);
    zfs_inactive(ip);
    spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
}

static void
zpl_put_super(struct super_block *sb)
{
    fstrans_cookie_t cookie;
    int error;

    cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
    error = -zfs_umount(sb);
    spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
    ASSERT3S(error, <=, 0);
}

/*
 * Common write path running under the zvol taskq context.  This function
 * is responsible for copying the request structure data in to the DMU and
 * signaling the request queue with the result of the copy.
 */
static void
zvol_write(void *arg)
{
    struct request *req = (struct request *)arg;
    struct request_queue *q = req->q;
    zvol_state_t *zv = q->queuedata;
    fstrans_cookie_t cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
    uint64_t offset = blk_rq_pos(req) << 9;
    uint64_t size = blk_rq_bytes(req);
    int error = 0;
    dmu_tx_t *tx;
    rl_t *rl;

    if (req->cmd_flags & VDEV_REQ_FLUSH)
        zil_commit(zv->zv_zilog, ZVOL_OBJ);

    /*
     * Some requests are just for flush and nothing else.
     */
    if (size == 0) {
        error = 0;
        goto out;
    }

    rl = zfs_range_lock(&zv->zv_znode, offset, size, RL_WRITER);

    tx = dmu_tx_create(zv->zv_objset);
    dmu_tx_hold_write(tx, ZVOL_OBJ, offset, size);

    /* This will only fail for ENOSPC */
    error = dmu_tx_assign(tx, TXG_WAIT);
    if (error) {
        dmu_tx_abort(tx);
        zfs_range_unlock(rl);
        goto out;
    }

    error = dmu_write_req(zv->zv_objset, ZVOL_OBJ, req, tx);
    if (error == 0)
        zvol_log_write(zv, tx, offset, size,
                       req->cmd_flags & VDEV_REQ_FUA);

    dmu_tx_commit(tx);
    zfs_range_unlock(rl);

    if ((req->cmd_flags & VDEV_REQ_FUA) ||
            zv->zv_objset->os_sync == ZFS_SYNC_ALWAYS)
        zil_commit(zv->zv_zilog, ZVOL_OBJ);

out:
    blk_end_request(req, -error, size);
    spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
}

static void
zvol_set_snapdev_impl(char *name, uint64_t snapdev)
{
	zvol_snapdev_cb_arg_t arg = {snapdev};
	fstrans_cookie_t cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
	/*
	 * The zvol_set_snapdev_sync() sets snapdev appropriately
	 * in the dataset hierarchy. Here, we only scan snapshots.
	 */
	dmu_objset_find(name, zvol_set_snapdev_cb, &arg, DS_FIND_SNAPSHOTS);
	spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
}

static MAKE_REQUEST_FN_RET
zvol_request(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio)
{
	zvol_state_t *zv = q->queuedata;
	fstrans_cookie_t cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
	uint64_t offset = BIO_BI_SECTOR(bio);
	unsigned int sectors = bio_sectors(bio);
	int rw = bio_data_dir(bio);
#ifdef HAVE_GENERIC_IO_ACCT
	unsigned long start = jiffies;
#endif
	int error = 0;

	if (bio_has_data(bio) && offset + sectors >
	    get_capacity(zv->zv_disk)) {
		printk(KERN_INFO
		    "%s: bad access: block=%llu, count=%lu\n",
		    zv->zv_disk->disk_name,
		    (long long unsigned)offset,
		    (long unsigned)sectors);
		error = SET_ERROR(EIO);
		goto out1;
	}

	generic_start_io_acct(rw, sectors, &zv->zv_disk->part0);

	if (rw == WRITE) {
		if (unlikely(zv->zv_flags & ZVOL_RDONLY)) {
			error = SET_ERROR(EROFS);
			goto out2;
		}

		if (bio->bi_rw & VDEV_REQ_DISCARD) {
			error = zvol_discard(bio);
			goto out2;
		}

		error = zvol_write(bio);
	} else
		error = zvol_read(bio);

out2:
	generic_end_io_acct(rw, &zv->zv_disk->part0, start);
out1:
	BIO_END_IO(bio, -error);
	spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
#ifdef HAVE_MAKE_REQUEST_FN_RET_INT
	return (0);
#elif defined(HAVE_MAKE_REQUEST_FN_RET_QC)
	return (BLK_QC_T_NONE);
#endif
}

static int
zpl_ioctl_setflags(struct file *filp, void __user *arg)
{
	struct inode	*ip = file_inode(filp);
	uint64_t	zfs_flags = ITOZ(ip)->z_pflags;
	unsigned int	ioctl_flags;
	cred_t		*cr = CRED();
	xvattr_t	xva;
	xoptattr_t	*xoap;
	int		error;
	fstrans_cookie_t cookie;

	if (copy_from_user(&ioctl_flags, arg, sizeof (ioctl_flags)))
		return (-EFAULT);

	if ((ioctl_flags & ~(FS_IMMUTABLE_FL | FS_APPEND_FL | FS_NODUMP_FL)))
		return (-EOPNOTSUPP);

	if ((ioctl_flags & ~(FS_FL_USER_MODIFIABLE)))
		return (-EACCES);

	if ((fchange(ioctl_flags, zfs_flags, FS_IMMUTABLE_FL, ZFS_IMMUTABLE) ||
	    fchange(ioctl_flags, zfs_flags, FS_APPEND_FL, ZFS_APPENDONLY)) &&
	    !capable(CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE))
		return (-EACCES);

	if (!zpl_inode_owner_or_capable(ip))
		return (-EACCES);

	xva_init(&xva);
	xoap = xva_getxoptattr(&xva);

	XVA_SET_REQ(&xva, XAT_IMMUTABLE);
	if (ioctl_flags & FS_IMMUTABLE_FL)
		xoap->xoa_immutable = B_TRUE;

	XVA_SET_REQ(&xva, XAT_APPENDONLY);
	if (ioctl_flags & FS_APPEND_FL)
		xoap->xoa_appendonly = B_TRUE;

	XVA_SET_REQ(&xva, XAT_NODUMP);
	if (ioctl_flags & FS_NODUMP_FL)
		xoap->xoa_nodump = B_TRUE;

	crhold(cr);
	cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
	error = -zfs_setattr(ip, (vattr_t *)&xva, 0, cr);
	spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
	crfree(cr);

	return (error);
}

static int
zpl_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *statp)
{
    fstrans_cookie_t cookie;
    int error;

    cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
    error = -zfs_statvfs(dentry, statp);
    spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
    ASSERT3S(error, <=, 0);

    return (error);
}

static int
zpl_getattr(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry, struct kstat *stat)
{
	int error;
	fstrans_cookie_t cookie;

	cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
	error = -zfs_getattr_fast(dentry->d_inode, stat);
	spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
	ASSERT3S(error, <=, 0);

	return (error);
}

static int
zpl_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
{
    zfs_mntopts_t *zmo = (zfs_mntopts_t *)data;
    fstrans_cookie_t cookie;
    int error;

    cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
    error = -zfs_domount(sb, zmo, silent);
    spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);
    ASSERT3S(error, <=, 0);

    return (error);
}

int
zpl_putpage(struct page *pp, struct writeback_control *wbc, void *data)
{
	struct address_space *mapping = data;
	fstrans_cookie_t cookie;

	ASSERT(PageLocked(pp));
	ASSERT(!PageWriteback(pp));

	cookie = spl_fstrans_mark();
	(void) zfs_putpage(mapping->host, pp, wbc);
	spl_fstrans_unmark(cookie);

	return (0);
}