def test_Matrix_printing():
    # Test returning a Matrix
    mat = Matrix([x*y, Piecewise((2 + x, y>0), (y, True)), sin(z)])
    A = MatrixSymbol('A', 3, 1)
    p = rcode(mat, A)
    assert p == (
        "A[0] = x*y;\n"
        "A[1] = ifelse(y > 0,x + 2,y);\n"
        "A[2] = sin(z);")
    # Test using MatrixElements in expressions
    expr = Piecewise((2*A[2, 0], x > 0), (A[2, 0], True)) + sin(A[1, 0]) + A[0, 0]
    p = rcode(expr)
    assert p  == ("ifelse(x > 0,2*A[2],A[2]) + sin(A[1]) + A[0]")
    # Test using MatrixElements in a Matrix
    q = MatrixSymbol('q', 5, 1)
    M = MatrixSymbol('M', 3, 3)
    m = Matrix([[sin(q[1,0]), 0, cos(q[2,0])],
        [q[1,0] + q[2,0], q[3, 0], 5],
        [2*q[4, 0]/q[1,0], sqrt(q[0,0]) + 4, 0]])
    assert rcode(m, M) == (
        "M[0] = sin(q[1]);\n"
        "M[1] = 0;\n"
        "M[2] = cos(q[2]);\n"
        "M[3] = q[1] + q[2];\n"
        "M[4] = q[3];\n"
        "M[5] = 5;\n"
        "M[6] = 2*q[4]/q[1];\n"
        "M[7] = sqrt(q[0]) + 4;\n"
        "M[8] = 0;")

def test_rcode_user_functions():
    x = symbols('x', integer=False)
    n = symbols('n', integer=True)
    custom_functions = {
        "ceiling": "myceil",
        "Abs": [(lambda x: not x.is_integer, "fabs"), (lambda x: x.is_integer, "abs")],
    }
    assert rcode(ceiling(x), user_functions=custom_functions) == "myceil(x)"
    assert rcode(Abs(x), user_functions=custom_functions) == "fabs(x)"
    assert rcode(Abs(n), user_functions=custom_functions) == "abs(n)"

def test_rcode_Piecewise_deep():
    p = rcode(2*Piecewise((x, x < 1), (x + 1, x < 2), (x**2, True)))
    assert p == "2*ifelse(x < 1,x,ifelse(x < 2,x + 1,x^2))"
    expr = x*y*z + x**2 + y**2 + Piecewise((0, x < 0.5), (1, True)) + cos(z) - 1
    p = rcode(expr)
    ref="x^2 + x*y*z + y^2 + ifelse(x < 0.5,0,1) + cos(z) - 1"
    assert p == ref

    ref="c = x^2 + x*y*z + y^2 + ifelse(x < 0.5,0,1) + cos(z) - 1;"
    p = rcode(expr, assign_to='c')
    assert p == ref

def test_MatrixElement_printing():
    # test cases for issue #11821
    A = MatrixSymbol("A", 1, 3)
    B = MatrixSymbol("B", 1, 3)
    C = MatrixSymbol("C", 1, 3)

    assert(rcode(A[0, 0]) == "A[0]")
    assert(rcode(3 * A[0, 0]) == "3*A[0]")

    F = C[0, 0].subs(C, A - B)
    assert(rcode(F) == "((-1)*B + A)[0]")

def test_rcode_sgn():

    expr = sign(x) * y
    assert rcode(expr) == 'y*sign(x)'
    p = rcode(expr, 'z')
    assert p  == 'z = y*sign(x);'

    p = rcode(sign(2 * x + x**2) * x + x**2)
    assert p  == "x^2 + x*sign(x^2 + 2*x)"

    expr = sign(cos(x))
    p = rcode(expr)
    assert p == 'sign(cos(x))'

def test_rcode_loops_addfactor():
    from sympy.tensor import IndexedBase, Idx
    from sympy import symbols
    n, m, o, p = symbols('n m o p', integer=True)
    a = IndexedBase('a')
    b = IndexedBase('b')
    c = IndexedBase('c')
    y = IndexedBase('y')
    i = Idx('i', m)
    j = Idx('j', n)
    k = Idx('k', o)
    l = Idx('l', p)

    s = (
        'for (i in 1:m){\n'
        '   y[i] = 0;\n'
        '}\n'
        'for (i in 1:m){\n'
        '   for (j in 1:n){\n'
        '      for (k in 1:o){\n'
        '         for (l in 1:p){\n'
        '            y[i] = (a[i, j, k, l] + b[i, j, k, l])*c[j, k, l] + y[i];\n'
        '         }\n'
        '      }\n'
        '   }\n'
        '}'
    )
    c = rcode((a[i, j, k, l] + b[i, j, k, l])*c[j, k, l], assign_to=y[i])
    assert c == s

def test_rcode_inline_function():
    x = symbols('x')
    g = implemented_function('g', Lambda(x, 2*x))
    assert rcode(g(x)) == "2*x"
    g = implemented_function('g', Lambda(x, 2*x/Catalan))
    assert rcode(
        g(x)) == "Catalan = %s;\n2*x/Catalan" % Catalan.n()
    A = IndexedBase('A')
    i = Idx('i', symbols('n', integer=True))
    g = implemented_function('g', Lambda(x, x*(1 + x)*(2 + x)))
    res=rcode(g(A[i]), assign_to=A[i])
    ref=(
        "for (i in 1:n){\n"
        "   A[i] = (A[i] + 1)*(A[i] + 2)*A[i];\n"
        "}"
    )
    assert res == ref

def test_rcode_Indexed_without_looking_for_contraction():
    len_y = 5
    y = IndexedBase('y', shape=(len_y,))
    x = IndexedBase('x', shape=(len_y,))
    Dy = IndexedBase('Dy', shape=(len_y-1,))
    i = Idx('i', len_y-1)
    e=Eq(Dy[i], (y[i+1]-y[i])/(x[i+1]-x[i]))
    code0 = rcode(e.rhs, assign_to=e.lhs, contract=False)
    assert code0 == 'Dy[i] = (y[%s] - y[i])/(x[%s] - x[i]);' % (i + 1, i + 1)

def test_rcode_loops_multiple_terms():
    from sympy.tensor import IndexedBase, Idx
    from sympy import symbols
    n, m, o, p = symbols('n m o p', integer=True)
    a = IndexedBase('a')
    b = IndexedBase('b')
    c = IndexedBase('c')
    y = IndexedBase('y')
    i = Idx('i', m)
    j = Idx('j', n)
    k = Idx('k', o)

    s0 = (
        'for (i in 1:m){\n'
        '   y[i] = 0;\n'
        '}\n'
    )
    s1 = (
        'for (i in 1:m){\n'
        '   for (j in 1:n){\n'
        '      for (k in 1:o){\n'
        '         y[i] = b[j]*b[k]*c[i, j, k] + y[i];\n'
        '      }\n'
        '   }\n'
        '}\n'
    )
    s2 = (
        'for (i in 1:m){\n'
        '   for (k in 1:o){\n'
        '      y[i] = a[i, k]*b[k] + y[i];\n'
        '   }\n'
        '}\n'
    )
    s3 = (
        'for (i in 1:m){\n'
        '   for (j in 1:n){\n'
        '      y[i] = a[i, j]*b[j] + y[i];\n'
        '   }\n'
        '}\n'
    )
    c = rcode(
        b[j]*a[i, j] + b[k]*a[i, k] + b[j]*b[k]*c[i, j, k], assign_to=y[i])

    ref=dict()
    ref[0] = s0 + s1 + s2 + s3[:-1]
    ref[1] = s0 + s1 + s3 + s2[:-1]
    ref[2] = s0 + s2 + s1 + s3[:-1]
    ref[3] = s0 + s2 + s3 + s1[:-1]
    ref[4] = s0 + s3 + s1 + s2[:-1]
    ref[5] = s0 + s3 + s2 + s1[:-1]

    assert (c == ref[0] or
            c == ref[1] or
            c == ref[2] or
            c == ref[3] or
            c == ref[4] or
            c == ref[5])

def test_rcode_Piecewise():
    expr = Piecewise((x, x < 1), (x**2, True))
    res=rcode(expr)
    ref="ifelse(x < 1,x,x^2)"
    assert res == ref
    tau=Symbol("tau")
    res=rcode(expr,tau)
    ref="tau = ifelse(x < 1,x,x^2);"
    assert res == ref

    expr = 2*Piecewise((x, x < 1), (x**2, x<2), (x**3,True))
    assert rcode(expr) == "2*ifelse(x < 1,x,ifelse(x < 2,x^2,x^3))"
    res = rcode(expr, assign_to='c')
    assert res == "c = 2*ifelse(x < 1,x,ifelse(x < 2,x^2,x^3));"

    # Check that Piecewise without a True (default) condition error
    #expr = Piecewise((x, x < 1), (x**2, x > 1), (sin(x), x > 0))
    #raises(ValueError, lambda: rcode(expr))
    expr = 2*Piecewise((x, x < 1), (x**2, x<2))
    assert(rcode(expr))== "2*ifelse(x < 1,x,ifelse(x < 2,x^2,NA))"

def test_rcode_boolean():
    assert rcode(x & y) == "x & y"
    assert rcode(x | y) == "x | y"
    assert rcode(x & y & z) == "x & y & z"
    assert rcode(x | y | z) == "x | y | z"
    assert rcode((x & y) | z) == "z | x & y"
    assert rcode((x | y) & z) == "z & (x | y)"

def test_rcode_Rational():
    assert rcode(Rational(3, 7)) == "3.0/7.0"
    assert rcode(Rational(18, 9)) == "2"
    assert rcode(Rational(3, -7)) == "-3.0/7.0"
    assert rcode(Rational(-3, -7)) == "3.0/7.0"
    assert rcode(x + Rational(3, 7)) == "x + 3.0/7.0"
    assert rcode(Rational(3, 7)*x) == "(3.0/7.0)*x"

def test_rcode_Relational():
    from sympy import Eq, Ne, Le, Lt, Gt, Ge
    assert rcode(Eq(x, y)) == "x == y"
    assert rcode(Ne(x, y)) == "x != y"
    assert rcode(Le(x, y)) == "x <= y"
    assert rcode(Lt(x, y)) == "x < y"
    assert rcode(Gt(x, y)) == "x > y"
    assert rcode(Ge(x, y)) == "x >= y"

def test_rcode_Pow():
    assert rcode(x**3) == "x^3"
    assert rcode(x**(y**3)) == "x^(y^3)"
    g = implemented_function('g', Lambda(x, 2*x))
    assert rcode(1/(g(x)*3.5)**(x - y**x)/(x**2 + y)) == \
        "(3.5*2*x)^(-x + y^x)/(x^2 + y)"
    assert rcode(x**-1.0) == '1.0/x'
    assert rcode(x**Rational(2, 3)) == 'x^(2.0/3.0)'
    _cond_cfunc = [(lambda base, exp: exp.is_integer, "dpowi"),
                   (lambda base, exp: not exp.is_integer, "pow")]
    assert rcode(x**3, user_functions={'Pow': _cond_cfunc}) == 'dpowi(x, 3)'
    assert rcode(x**3.2, user_functions={'Pow': _cond_cfunc}) == 'pow(x, 3.2)'

def test_dummy_loops():
    # the following line could also be
    # [Dummy(s, integer=True) for s in 'im']
    # or [Dummy(integer=True) for s in 'im']
    i, m = symbols('i m', integer=True, cls=Dummy)
    x = IndexedBase('x')
    y = IndexedBase('y')
    i = Idx(i, m)

    expected = (
            'for (i_%(icount)i in 1:m_%(mcount)i){\n'
        '   y[i_%(icount)i] = x[i_%(icount)i];\n'
        '}'
    ) % {'icount': i.label.dummy_index, 'mcount': m.dummy_index}
    code = rcode(x[i], assign_to=y[i])
    assert code == expected

def test_rcode_loops_matrix_vector():
    n, m = symbols('n m', integer=True)
    A = IndexedBase('A')
    x = IndexedBase('x')
    y = IndexedBase('y')
    i = Idx('i', m)
    j = Idx('j', n)

    s = (
        'for (i in 1:m){\n'
        '   y[i] = 0;\n'
        '}\n'
        'for (i in 1:m){\n'
        '   for (j in 1:n){\n'
        '      y[i] = A[i, j]*x[j] + y[i];\n'
        '   }\n'
        '}'
    )
    c = rcode(A[i, j]*x[j], assign_to=y[i])
    assert c == s

def test_rcode_loops_add():
    from sympy.tensor import IndexedBase, Idx
    from sympy import symbols
    n, m = symbols('n m', integer=True)
    A = IndexedBase('A')
    x = IndexedBase('x')
    y = IndexedBase('y')
    z = IndexedBase('z')
    i = Idx('i', m)
    j = Idx('j', n)

    s = (
        'for (i in 1:m){\n'
        '   y[i] = x[i] + z[i];\n'
        '}\n'
        'for (i in 1:m){\n'
        '   for (j in 1:n){\n'
        '      y[i] = A[i, j]*x[j] + y[i];\n'
        '   }\n'
        '}'
    )
    c = rcode(A[i, j]*x[j] + x[i] + z[i], assign_to=y[i])
    assert c == s

def test_rcode_Assignment():
    assert rcode(Assignment(x, y + z)) == 'x = y + z;'
    assert rcode(aug_assign(x, '+', y + z)) == 'x += y + z;'

def test_rcode_functions():
    assert rcode(sin(x) ** cos(x)) == "sin(x)^cos(x)"

def test_rcode_Integer():
    assert rcode(Integer(67)) == "67"
    assert rcode(Integer(-1)) == "-1"