c - implicit declaration of function usleep

Question

gcc (GCC) 4.6.3
c89

I am trying to use usleep. However, I keep getting the following warning:

implicit declaration of function usleep

I have included the unistd.h header file.

The man pages mentions something about this. But I am not sure I understand by it:

usleep():
   Since glibc 2.12:
       _BSD_SOURCE ||
           (_XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500 ||
               _XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED) &&
           !(_POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200809L || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 700)
   Before glibc 2.12:
       _BSD_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500 || _XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED

But not sure what I a to do with the above?

Answer 1

That list is the pre-conditions for having usleep defined. It's basically a C-like expression involving #define variables which has to be true before including the header file.

The header file itself will only define usleep inside what is usually a massive nest of #ifdef statements and the developers have taken the time to tell you what you need to do so that you don't have to spend hours trying to figure it out yourself :-)

Assuming you're using a glibc 2.12 or better, it means you either have to:

• declare _BSD_SOURCE; or
• declare a complicated combination of three other things, which I won't bother to decode.

Probably the easiest fix is to simply compile with gcc -D _BSD_SOURCE or put:

#define _BSD_SOURCE

in the code before you include the header file that gives you usleep.

You'll probably want to define these before any includes in case there are dependencies between the various header files.