According to the documentation:
A background page will be generated by the extension system that includes each of the files listed in the scripts property.
So yes, it should work. Simply declare multiple scripts:
...
"background": {
"scripts": [
"background.js",
"backgroundone.js",
"backgroundtwo.js"
]
},
...
All of these scripts would work as if loaded into the same page; they will all share the same context.
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