Systemtap is designed to solve the same sort of problems as dtrace, and has a similar user interface –?the user writes small scripts which attach actions to named probes.
It is said to be unstable, it's not usually compiled into your kernel by default, but once I got it working I didn't have any problems.
You can see how it compares to dtrace in this table on the systemtap website (May be partisan :-)
Dtrace has been partly ported to Linux by Paul Fox, an enthusiast, and is available for download for you to try - check out the links on his blog.
It has been said that kprobes are a dtrace replacement, but I've never tried them.
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