I had the same issue, and fixed it by adding the following lines to the web.config of my application:
<runtime>
<assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.SqlServer.Types" publicKeyToken="89845dcd8080cc91" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-11.0.0.0" newVersion="10.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
</assemblyBinding>
</runtime>
This forces the EntityFramework to use the version 10 of the SqlServer.Types.dll, which doesn't have the Geometry type apparently.
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