Some devices/browsers do, some not. You need to decide your supported browsers and devices.
If you want to be on secure side you should use the resize event and get/check the sizes inside in it; if you know your desired devices go with a simple orientation change:
Easy solution:
// Listen for orientation changes
window.addEventListener("orientationchange", function() {
// Announce the new orientation number
alert(window.orientation);
}, false);
More secure/supported
// Listen for resize changes
window.addEventListener("resize", function() {
// Get screen size (inner/outerWidth, inner/outerHeight)
}, false);
David Walsh wrote a good article about resize and orientation change event.
More about orientation change and sizes here:
http://davidwalsh.name/orientation-change
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