1.表结构如下（预算数据明细表）：

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[BA_FeeDetail](
	[ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
	[FeeDeptID] [nvarchar](4) NULL,
	[FeeDate] [int] NULL,
	[FeeCode] [nvarchar](10) NULL,
	[FeeType] [nvarchar](1) NULL,
	[BAType] [nvarchar](1) NULL,
	[FeeAmt] [float] NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]

2.创建存储过程（用于取得某部门某次预算的某月某费目的预算额）

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[GetBudgetAmt] 
	-- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here
	@DeptID nvarchar(4) = '7120',
	@FeeDate int = 201301,
	@FeeCode nvarchar(8) ='31301' ,
	@FeeType nvarchar(1) = '2',
	@BAType nvarchar(1)='1',
	@FeeAmt float output 
	AS
BEGIN
	-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
	-- interfering with SELECT statements.
	SET NOCOUNT ON;

    -- Insert statements for procedure here
	SELECT @FeeAmt = FeeAmt from BA_FeeDetail where (
						FeeCode = @FeeCode and   
				 		FeeType = @FeeType and  
						FeeDate = @FeeDate and
						FeeDeptID = @DeptID and  
						BAType = @BAType
					 )
						
	Return @FeeAmt
END

3.delphi 程序中调用（使用ADOConnect 和 ADOStoreProc ）

procedure TForm1.btn1Click(Sender: TObject);
Var
	BudgetAmt:Single;
begin
	with ADOSP1 do
	begin
		ProcedureName :='GetBudgetAmt';
		Parameters.Refresh;				//必须有本语句，刷新参数
		Parameters.ParamByName('@DeptID').Value:=EdtDept.Text;
		Parameters.ParamByName('@FeeDate').Value:=EdtFeeDate.Text;
		Parameters.ParamByName('@FeeCode').Value:=EdtFeeCode.Text;
		Parameters.ParamByName('@FeeType').Value:=EdtFeeType.Text;
		Parameters.ParamByName('@BAType').Value:=EdtBAType.Text;
		Parameters.ParamByName('@FeeAmt').Value:=0.00;
		ExecProc;
		BudgetAmt:=Parameters.ParamByName('@FeeAmt').Value;
		edtFeeAmt.Text:=Format('%.2f',[BudgetAmt]);
	end;
end;

测试通过（测试环境 Win7 + SQL Server 2008 + Delphi XE，时间 2013/07/14 7:00AM）