以C#编写的Socket服务器的Android手机聊天室Demo

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内容摘要

1.程序架构

2.通信协议

3.服务器源代码

4.客户端源代码

5.运行效果

一、程序架构

在开发一个聊天室程序时，我们可以使用Socket、Remoting、WCF这些具有双向通信的协议或框架。而现在，我正要实现一个C#语言作为服务器端、Android作为客户端的聊天室。由于服务器端和客户端不是同一语言(C#和java)，所有我选择了Socket作为通信协议。

图1.1所示，我们可以看出：android手机客户端A向服务器端发送消息，服务器端收到消息后，又把消息推送到android手机客户端B。

图1.1

二、通信协议

我们知道，在C#语言中使用Socket技术需要“四部曲”，即“Bind”，“Listen”，“Accept”，“Receive”。然而Socket编程不像WCF那样面向对象。而且对应每个请求都用同一种方式处理。作为习惯面向对象编程的我来说，编写一个传统的Socket程序很不爽。绞尽脑汁，我们将数据传输的格式改为json(JavaScript Object Notation 是一种轻量级的数据交换格式)，面对对象的问题就解决了。

假设程序的服务契约有两个方法：“登陆”和“发送消息”。调用登陆的方法，就传送方法名(Method Name)为“Logon”的json数据；调用发送消息的方法，就传送方法名为“Send”的json数据。返回的数据中也使用json格式，这样在android客户端中也能知道是哪个方法的返回值了。

三、服务器源代码

首先需要编写一个处理客户端消息的接口：IResponseManager。

    public interface IResponseManager
    {
        void Write(Socket sender, IList<Socket> cliens, IDictionary<string, object> param);
    }

其次，我们知道，换了是WCF编程的话，就需要在服务契约中写两个方法：“登陆”和“发送消息”。由于这里是Socket编程，我们实现之前写的IResponseManager接口，一个实现作为“登陆”的方法，另一个实现作为“发送消息”的方法。

public class LogonResponseManager : IResponseManager
    {
        public void Write(System.Net.Sockets.Socket sender, IList<System.Net.Sockets.Socket> cliens, IDictionary<string, object> param)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("客户端({0})登陆", sender.Handle);
            var response = new SocketResponse
            {
                Method = "Logon",
                DateTime = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"),
                Result = new { UserName = param["UserName"].ToString() }
            };

            JavaScriptSerializer jss = new JavaScriptSerializer();
            string context = jss.Serialize(response);
            Console.WriteLine("登陆发送的数据为:{0}", context);
            sender.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(context + "\n"));
        }
    }

public class SendResponseManager : IResponseManager
    {
        public void Write(System.Net.Sockets.Socket sender, IList<System.Net.Sockets.Socket> cliens, IDictionary<string, object> param)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("客户端({0})发送消息", sender.Handle);
            var msgList = param["Message"] as IEnumerable<object>;
            if (msgList == null)
            {
                return;
            }

            var response = new SocketResponse
            {
                Method = "Send",
                DateTime = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"),
                Result = new
                {
                    UserName = param["UserName"].ToString(),
                    Message = msgList.Select(s => s.ToString()).ToArray()
                }
            };

            JavaScriptSerializer jss = new JavaScriptSerializer();
            string context = jss.Serialize(response);
            Console.WriteLine("消息发送的数据为:{0}", context);

            Parallel.ForEach(cliens, (item) =>
            {
                try
                {
                    item.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(context + "\n"));
                }
                catch { };
            });
        }
    }

最后在Socket程序中使用反射加“策略模式”调用这两个接口实现类。

            var typeName = "SocketServer." + request.Method + "ResponseManager, SocketServer";
            Console.WriteLine("反射类名为：" + typeName);

            Type type = Type.GetType(typeName);
            if (type == null)
            {
                return;
            }

            var manager = Activator.CreateInstance(type) as IResponseManager;
            manager.Write(sender, this.socketClientSesson.Select(s => s.Key).ToList(),
                request.Param as IDictionary<string, object>);

完整的Socket服务器代码如下：

public class SocketHost
    {
        private IDictionary<Socket, byte[]> socketClientSesson = new Dictionary<Socket, byte[]>();

        public int Port { get; set; }

        public void Start()
        {
            var socketThread = new Thread(() =>
            {
                Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
                IPEndPoint iep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, this.Port);

                //绑定到通道上
                socket.Bind(iep);

                //侦听
                socket.Listen(6);

                //通过异步来处理
                socket.BeginAccept(new AsyncCallback(Accept), socket);

            });

            socketThread.Start();

            Console.WriteLine("服务器已启动");
        }

        private void Accept(IAsyncResult ia)
        {
            Socket socket = ia.AsyncState as Socket;
            var client = socket.EndAccept(ia);

            socket.BeginAccept(new AsyncCallback(Accept), socket);

            byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
            this.socketClientSesson.Add(client, buf);

            try
            {
                client.BeginReceive(buf, 0, buf.Length, SocketFlags.None, new AsyncCallback(Receive), client);
                string sessionId = client.Handle.ToString();
                Console.WriteLine("客户端({0})已连接", sessionId);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("监听请求时出错：\r\n" + ex.ToString());
            }
        }

        private void Receive(IAsyncResult ia)
        {
            var client = ia.AsyncState as Socket;

            if (client == null || !this.socketClientSesson.ContainsKey(client))
            {
                return;
            }

            int count = client.EndReceive(ia);

            byte[] buf = this.socketClientSesson[client];

            if (count > 0)
            {
                try
                {
                    client.BeginReceive(buf, 0, buf.Length, SocketFlags.None, new AsyncCallback(Receive), client);
                    string context = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buf, 0, count);
                    Console.WriteLine("接收的数据为:", context);

                    this.Response(client, context);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("接收的数据出错:\r\n{0}", ex.ToString());
                }
            }
            else
            {
                try
                {
                    string sessionId = client.Handle.ToString();
                    client.Disconnect(true);
                    this.socketClientSesson.Remove(client);
                    Console.WriteLine("客户端({0})已断开", sessionId);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("客户端已断开出错" + ex.ToString());
                }
            }
        }

        private void Response(Socket sender, string context)
        {
            SocketRequest request = null;
            JavaScriptSerializer jss = new JavaScriptSerializer();
            request = jss.Deserialize(context, typeof(SocketRequest)) as SocketRequest;

            if (request == null)
            {
                return;
            }

            var typeName = "SocketServer." + request.Method + "ResponseManager, SocketServer";
            Console.WriteLine("反射类名为：" + typeName);

            Type type = Type.GetType(typeName);
            if (type == null)
            {
                return;
            }

            var manager = Activator.CreateInstance(type) as IResponseManager;
            manager.Write(sender, this.socketClientSesson.Select(s => s.Key).ToList(),
                request.Param as IDictionary<string, object>);
        }
    }

最后，json数据传输的实体对象为：

   [Serializable]
    public class SocketRequest
    {
        public string Method { get; set; }

        public string DateTime { get; set; }

        public object Param { get; set; }
    }

    [Serializable]
    public class SocketResponse
    {
        public string Method { get; set; }

        public string DateTime { get; set; }

        public object Result { get; set; }
    }

四、客户端源代码

1.布局文件

logon.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:background="@drawable/background">

    <LinearLayout android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="60dip"
        android:background="@drawable/logon" />

    <LinearLayout android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        android:paddingLeft="10dp" android:paddingRight="10dp">

        <View android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="20dip" />

        <TextView android:id="@+id/feedback_title" android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="用户名：" />
        <EditText android:id="@+id/edtUserName" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

        <View android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="2dip"
            android:background="#FF909090" />

        <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="IP地址：" />
        <EditText android:id="@+id/edtIp" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:digits="1234567890."
            android:text="192.168.1.101"/>

        <View android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="2dip"
            android:background="#FF909090" />

        <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="端口号：" />
        <EditText android:id="@+id/edtPort" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:inputType="number"
            android:numeric="integer" android:text="1234"/>

        <LinearLayout android:orientation="horizontal"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginTop="10dp">
        </LinearLayout>
        <RelativeLayout android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent">
            <View android:id="@+id/feedback_content" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
                android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:maxEms="10"
                android:minEms="10" android:gravity="top"
                android:layout_marginBottom="50dip" />
            <Button android:id="@+id/btnLogon" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
                android:layout_height="50dp" android:text="登陆" android:textSize="19dp"
                android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
                android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" />
        </RelativeLayout>
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

main.xml：

listview_item.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:paddingBottom="3dip"
    android:paddingLeft="10dip">

    <TextView android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:id="@+id/itmMessage"
        android:textSize="20dip">
    </TextView>

    <LinearLayout android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_height="20dip">
        <TextView android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_width="100dip" android:id="@+id/itmUserName" >
        </TextView>

        <TextView android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_width="200dip" android:id="@+id/itmTime" >
        </TextView>

    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

SocketClient：

package ld.socket;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMa