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首先我们来看php官方手册中对include的文件搜索原则的描述: Files for including are first looked for in each include_path entry relative to the current working directory, and then in the directory of current script. E.g. if your include_path is libraries , current working directory is /www/ , you includedinclude/a.php and there is include "b.php" in that file, b.php is first looked in /www/libraries/ and then in /www/include/ . If filename begins with ./ or ../ , it is looked only in the current working directory. 寻找包含文件的顺序先是在当前工作目录的相对的 include_path 下寻找,然后是当前运行脚本所在目录相对的 include_path 下寻找。例如 include_path 是 . ,当前工作目录是 /www/ ,脚本中要 include 一个 include/a.php 并且在该文件中有一句 include "b.php" ,则寻找 b.php 的顺序先是 /www/ ,然后是 /www/include/ 。如果文件名以 ./ 或者 ../ 开始,则只在当前工作目录相对的 include_path 下寻找。 所以如下所示的文件结构 ----a.php ----include/b.php ----include/c.php 其中a.php <?php include 'include/b.php'; ?> ----------------------- b.php <?php include 'c.php'; include 'include/c.php'; ?> -------------------------- c.php <?php echo 'c.php'; ?> -------------------------- 都能正确运行,说明b.php中两种不同包含路径都是可行的,根据include寻找包含文件的方式都能找到c.php。 但是最好的方式还是使用绝对路径,如果使用了绝对路径,php内核就直接通过路径去载入文件而不用去include path逐个搜索文件,增加了代码执行效率 <?php define('ROOT_PATH',dirname(__FILE__)); include ROOT_PATH.'/c.php'; ?> 不同的文件包含方式,程序的执行性能比较具体可以参照此文 PHP include文件性能研究 |
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