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NaiveBayes.jl

⚠️ This package has been created years ago and has never been modernized. Its usage is restricted to concrete types (e.g. Vector{Float64} instead of AbstractVector{<:Real}). The API is inconsistent and sometimes confusing. MLJ.jl wraps NaiveBayes.jl, fixing some of these issues, but ghosts of the past still show up. You have been warned!

Naive Bayes classifier. Currently 3 types of NB are supported:

• MultinomialNB - Assumes variables have a multinomial distribution. Good for text classification. See examples/nums.jl for usage.
• GaussianNB - Assumes variables have a multivariate normal distribution. Good for real-valued data. See examples/iris.jl for usage.
• HybridNB - A hybrid empirical naive Bayes model for a mixture of continuous and discrete features. The continuous features are estimated using Kernel Density Estimation. Note: fit/predict methods take Dict{Symbol/AstractString, Vector} rather than a Matrix. Also, discrete features must be integers while continuous features must be floats. If all features are continuous Matrix input is supported.

Since GaussianNB models multivariate distribution, it's not really a "naive" classifier (i.e. no independence assumption is made), so the name may change in the future.

As a subproduct, this package also provides a DataStats type that may be used for incremental calculation of common data statistics such as mean and covariance matrix. See test/datastatstest.jl for a usage example.

Examples:

1. Continuous and discrete features as Dict{Symbol, Vector}}

   f_c1 = randn(10)
   f_c2 = randn(10)
   f_d1 = rand(1:5, 10)
   f_d2 = rand(3:7, 10)
   training_features_continuous = Dict{Symbol, Vector{Float64}}(:c1=>f_c1, :c2=>f_c2)
   training_features_discrete   = Dict{Symbol, Vector{Int}}(:d1=>f_d1, :d2=>f_d2) #discrete features as Int64
   
   labels = rand(1:3, 10)
   
   hybrid_model = HybridNB(labels)
   
   # train the model
   fit(hybrid_model, training_features_continuous, training_features_discrete, labels)
   
   # predict the classification for new events (points): features_c, features_d
   features_c = Dict{Symbol, Vector{Float64}}(:c1=>randn(10), :c2=>randn(10))
   features_d = Dict{Symbol, Vector{Int}}(:d1=>rand(1:5, 10), :d2=>rand(3:7, 10))
   y = predict(hybrid_model, features_c, features_d)

2. Continuous features only as a Matrix

   X_train = randn(3,400);
   X_classify = randn(3,10)
   
   hybrid_model = HybridNB(labels) # the number of discrete features is 0 so it's not needed
   fit(hybrid_model, X_train, labels)
   y = predict(hybrid_model, X_classify)

3. Continuous and discrete features as a Matrix{Float}

   #X is a matrix of features
   # the first 3 rows are continuous
   training_features_continuous = restructure_matrix(X[1:3, :])
   # the last 2 rows are discrete and must be integers
   training_features_discrete = map(Int, restructure_matrix(X[4:5, :]))
   # train the model
   hybrid_model = train(HybridNB, training_features_continuous, training_features_discrete, labels)
   
   # predict the classification for new events (points): features_c, features_d
   y = predict(hybrid_model, features_c, features_d)

Write/Load models to files

It is useful to train a model once and then use it for prediction many times later. For example, train your classifier on a local machine and then use it on a cluster to classify points in parallel.

There is support for writing HybridNB models to HDF5 files via the methods write_model and load_model. This is useful for interacting with other programs/languages. If the model file is going to be read only in Julia it is easier to use JLD.jl for saving and loading the file.