// This dispatcher function is expected to be independent of the implementation of long int
STATIC mp_obj_t mp_obj_int_make_new(mp_obj_t type_in, mp_uint_t n_args, mp_uint_t n_kw, const mp_obj_t *args) {
    (void)type_in;
    mp_arg_check_num(n_args, n_kw, 0, 2, false);

    switch (n_args) {
        case 0:
            return MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(0);

        case 1:
            if (MP_OBJ_IS_INT(args[0])) {
                // already an int (small or long), just return it
                return args[0];
            } else if (MP_OBJ_IS_STR_OR_BYTES(args[0])) {
                // a string, parse it
                mp_uint_t l;
                const char *s = mp_obj_str_get_data(args[0], &l);
                return mp_parse_num_integer(s, l, 0, NULL);
#if MICROPY_PY_BUILTINS_FLOAT
            } else if (mp_obj_is_float(args[0])) {
                return mp_obj_new_int_from_float(mp_obj_float_get(args[0]));
#endif
            } else {
                // try to convert to small int (eg from bool)
                return MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(mp_obj_get_int(args[0]));
            }

        case 2:
        default: {
            // should be a string, parse it
            // TODO proper error checking of argument types
            mp_uint_t l;
            const char *s = mp_obj_str_get_data(args[0], &l);
            return mp_parse_num_integer(s, l, mp_obj_get_int(args[1]), NULL);
        }
    }
}

STATIC mp_obj_t ffimod_var(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t vartype_in, mp_obj_t symname_in) {
    mp_obj_ffimod_t *self = self_in;
    const char *rettype = mp_obj_str_get_str(vartype_in);
    const char *symname = mp_obj_str_get_str(symname_in);

    void *sym = dlsym(self->handle, symname);
    if (sym == NULL) {
        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_arg1(&mp_type_OSError, MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(errno)));
    }
    mp_obj_ffivar_t *o = m_new_obj(mp_obj_ffivar_t);
    o->base.type = &ffivar_type;

    o->var = sym;
    o->type = *rettype;
    return o;
}

STATIC mp_obj_t stream_readall(mp_obj_t self_in) {
    struct _mp_obj_base_t *o = (struct _mp_obj_base_t *)self_in;
    if (o->type->stream_p == NULL || o->type->stream_p->read == NULL) {
        // CPython: io.UnsupportedOperation, OSError subclass
        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_OSError, "Operation not supported"));
    }

    int total_size = 0;
    vstr_t *vstr = vstr_new_size(DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE);
    char *p = vstr_str(vstr);
    int error;
    int current_read = DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE;
    while (true) {
        mp_uint_t out_sz = o->type->stream_p->read(self_in, p, current_read, &error);
        if (out_sz == MP_STREAM_ERROR) {
            if (is_nonblocking_error(error)) {
                // With non-blocking streams, we read as much as we can.
                // If we read nothing, return None, just like read().
                // Otherwise, return data read so far.
                if (total_size == 0) {
                    return mp_const_none;
                }
                break;
            }
            nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_arg1(&mp_type_OSError, MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(error)));
        }
        if (out_sz == 0) {
            break;
        }
        total_size += out_sz;
        if (out_sz < current_read) {
            current_read -= out_sz;
            p += out_sz;
        } else {
            current_read = DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE;
            p = vstr_extend(vstr, current_read);
            if (p == NULL) {
                // TODO
                nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError/*&mp_type_RuntimeError*/, "Out of memory"));
            }
        }
    }

    mp_obj_t s = mp_obj_new_str_of_type(STREAM_CONTENT_TYPE(o->type->stream_p), (byte*)vstr->buf, total_size);
    vstr_free(vstr);
    return s;
}

// method socket.recv(bufsize)
STATIC mp_obj_t socket_recv(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t len_in) {
    mod_network_socket_obj_t *self = self_in;
    mp_int_t len = mp_obj_get_int(len_in);
    vstr_t vstr;
    vstr_init_len(&vstr, len);
    int _errno;
    mp_uint_t ret = wlan_socket_recv(self, (byte*)vstr.buf, len, &_errno);
    if (ret == -1) {
        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_arg1(&mp_type_OSError, MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(_errno)));
    }
    if (ret == 0) {
        return mp_const_empty_bytes;
    }
    vstr.len = ret;
    vstr.buf[vstr.len] = '\0';
    return mp_obj_new_str_from_vstr(&mp_type_bytes, &vstr);
}

// get_char method : waits until a key is pressed and returns it
mp_obj_t pyb_keyboard_get_char(mp_obj_t self_in) {
    pyb_keyboard_obj_t *self = self_in;

    // wait key press
    uint8_t key=0xFF;
    while(key==0xFF)
	key = pyb_keyboard_getKey(self);

    // wait key relese
    uint8_t key2=key;
    while(key2!=0xFF)
	key2 = pyb_keyboard_getKey(self);

    mp_hal_milli_delay(1);

    return MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(key);
}

STATIC mp_obj_t pin_value(mp_uint_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
    pin_obj_t *self = args[0];
    if (n_args == 1) {
        // get the value
        return MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(pin_get_value(self));
    } else {
        // set the pin value
        if (mp_obj_is_true(args[1])) {
            self->value = 1;
            MAP_GPIOPinWrite(self->port, self->bit, self->bit);
        } else {
            self->value = 0;
            MAP_GPIOPinWrite(self->port, self->bit, 0);
        }
        return mp_const_none;
    }
}

// may return MP_OBJ_NULL
mp_obj_t mp_obj_len_maybe(mp_obj_t o_in) {
    if (
#if !MICROPY_PY_BUILTINS_STR_UNICODE
        // It's simple - unicode is slow, non-unicode is fast
        MP_OBJ_IS_STR(o_in) ||
#endif
        MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(o_in, &mp_type_bytes)) {
        return MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(mp_obj_str_get_len(o_in));
    } else {
        mp_obj_type_t *type = mp_obj_get_type(o_in);
        if (type->unary_op != NULL) {
            return type->unary_op(MP_UNARY_OP_LEN, o_in);
        } else {
            return MP_OBJ_NULL;
        }
    }
}

bool mp_seq_get_fast_slice_indexes(machine_uint_t len, mp_obj_t slice, mp_bound_slice_t *indexes) {
    mp_obj_t ostart, ostop, ostep;
    machine_int_t start, stop;
    mp_obj_slice_get(slice, &ostart, &ostop, &ostep);

    if (ostart == mp_const_none) {
        start = 0;
    } else {
        start = MP_OBJ_SMALL_INT_VALUE(ostart);
    }
    if (ostop == mp_const_none) {
        stop = len;
    } else {
        stop = MP_OBJ_SMALL_INT_VALUE(ostop);
    }

    // Unlike subscription, out-of-bounds slice indexes are never error
    if (start < 0) {
        start = len + start;
        if (start < 0) {
            start = 0;
        }
    } else if (start > len) {
        start = len;
    }
    if (stop < 0) {
        stop = len + stop;
    } else if (stop > len) {
        stop = len;
    }

    // CPython returns empty sequence in such case, or point for assignment is at start
    if (start > stop) {
        stop = start;
    }

    indexes->start = start;
    indexes->stop = stop;

    if (ostep != mp_const_none && ostep != MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(1)) {
        indexes->step = MP_OBJ_SMALL_INT_VALUE(ostep);
        return false;
    }
    indexes->step = 1;
    return true;
}

static void exti_load_attr(mp_obj_t self_in, qstr attr_qstr, mp_obj_t *dest) {
    (void)self_in;
    const char *attr = qstr_str(attr_qstr);

    if (strcmp(attr, "regs") == 0) {
        dest[0] = (mp_obj_t)&exti_regs_obj;
        return;
    }
    const exti_const_t *entry = &exti_const[0];
    for (; entry < &exti_const[EXTI_NUM_CONST]; entry++) {
        if (strcmp(attr, entry->name) == 0) {
            dest[0] = MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(entry->val);
            dest[1] = MP_OBJ_NULL;
            return;
        }
    }
}

mp_obj_t mp_stream_write(mp_obj_t self_in, const void *buf, size_t len, byte flags) {
    mp_get_stream_raise(self_in, MP_STREAM_OP_WRITE);

    int error;
    mp_uint_t out_sz = mp_stream_rw(self_in, (void*)buf, len, &error, flags);
    if (error != 0) {
        if (mp_is_nonblocking_error(error)) {
            // http://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#io.RawIOBase.write
            // "None is returned if the raw stream is set not to block and
            // no single byte could be readily written to it."
            return mp_const_none;
        }
        mp_raise_OSError(error);
    } else {
        return MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(out_sz);
    }
}

// method socket.connect(address)
STATIC mp_obj_t socket_connect(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t addr_in) {
    mod_network_socket_obj_t *self = self_in;

    // get address
    uint8_t ip[MOD_NETWORK_IPV4ADDR_BUF_SIZE];
    mp_uint_t port = netutils_parse_inet_addr(addr_in, ip, NETUTILS_LITTLE);

    // connect the socket
    int _errno;
    if (wlan_socket_connect(self, ip, port, &_errno) != 0) {
        if (!self->sock_base.cert_req && _errno == SL_ESECSNOVERIFY) {
            return mp_const_none;
        }
        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_arg1(&mp_type_OSError, MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(-_errno)));
    }
    return mp_const_none;
}

mp_obj_t mp_obj_id(mp_obj_t o_in) {
    mp_int_t id = (mp_int_t)o_in;
    if (!MP_OBJ_IS_OBJ(o_in)) {
        return mp_obj_new_int(id);
    } else if (id >= 0) {
        // Many OSes and CPUs have affinity for putting "user" memories
        // into low half of address space, and "system" into upper half.
        // We're going to take advantage of that and return small int
        // (signed) for such "user" addresses.
        return MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(id);
    } else {
        // If that didn't work, well, let's return long int, just as
        // a (big) positve value, so it will never clash with the range
        // of small int returned in previous case.
        return mp_obj_new_int_from_uint((mp_uint_t)id);
    }
}

mp_obj_t mp_binary_get_val_array(char typecode, void *p, mp_uint_t index) {
    mp_int_t val = 0;
    switch (typecode) {
        case 'b':
            val = ((signed char*)p)[index];
            break;
        case BYTEARRAY_TYPECODE:
        case 'B':
            val = ((unsigned char*)p)[index];
            break;
        case 'h':
            val = ((short*)p)[index];
            break;
        case 'H':
            val = ((unsigned short*)p)[index];
            break;
        case 'i':
            return mp_obj_new_int(((int*)p)[index]);
        case 'I':
            return mp_obj_new_int_from_uint(((unsigned int*)p)[index]);
        case 'l':
            return mp_obj_new_int(((long*)p)[index]);
        case 'L':
            return mp_obj_new_int_from_uint(((unsigned long*)p)[index]);
        #if MICROPY_LONGINT_IMPL != MICROPY_LONGINT_IMPL_NONE
        case 'q':
            return mp_obj_new_int_from_ll(((long long*)p)[index]);
        case 'Q':
            return mp_obj_new_int_from_ull(((unsigned long long*)p)[index]);
        #endif
#if MICROPY_PY_BUILTINS_FLOAT
        case 'f':
            return mp_obj_new_float(((float*)p)[index]);
        case 'd':
            return mp_obj_new_float(((double*)p)[index]);
#endif
        // Extension to CPython: array of objects
        case 'O':
            return ((mp_obj_t*)p)[index];
        // Extension to CPython: array of pointers
        case 'P':
            return mp_obj_new_int((mp_int_t)((void**)p)[index]);
    }
    return MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(val);
}

STATIC mp_obj_t str_subscr(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t index, mp_obj_t value) {
    mp_obj_type_t *type = mp_obj_get_type(self_in);
    assert(type == &mp_type_str);
    GET_STR_DATA_LEN(self_in, self_data, self_len);
    if (value == MP_OBJ_SENTINEL) {
        // load
#if MICROPY_PY_BUILTINS_SLICE
        if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(index, &mp_type_slice)) {
            mp_obj_t ostart, ostop, ostep;
            mp_obj_slice_get(index, &ostart, &ostop, &ostep);
            if (ostep != mp_const_none && ostep != MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(1)) {
                nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_NotImplementedError,
                    "only slices with step=1 (aka None) are supported"));
            }

            const byte *pstart, *pstop;
            if (ostart != mp_const_none) {
                pstart = str_index_to_ptr(type, self_data, self_len, ostart, true);
            } else {
                pstart = self_data;
            }
            if (ostop != mp_const_none) {
                // pstop will point just after the stop character. This depends on
                // the \0 at the end of the string.
                pstop = str_index_to_ptr(type, self_data, self_len, ostop, true);
            } else {
                pstop = self_data + self_len;
            }
            if (pstop < pstart) {
                return MP_OBJ_NEW_QSTR(MP_QSTR_);
            }
            return mp_obj_new_str_of_type(type, (const byte *)pstart, pstop - pstart);
        }
#endif
        const byte *s = str_index_to_ptr(type, self_data, self_len, index, false);
        int len = 1;
        if (UTF8_IS_NONASCII(*s)) {
            // Count the number of 1 bits (after the first)
            for (char mask = 0x40; *s & mask; mask >>= 1) {
                ++len;
            }
        }
        return mp_obj_new_str((const char*)s, len, true); // This will create a one-character string
    } else {
        return MP_OBJ_NULL; // op not supported

// method socket.bind(address)
STATIC mp_obj_t socket_bind(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t addr_in) {
    mod_network_socket_obj_t *self = self_in;

    // get address
    uint8_t ip[MOD_NETWORK_IPV4ADDR_BUF_SIZE];
    mp_uint_t port = mod_network_parse_inet_addr(addr_in, ip);

    // check if we need to select a NIC
    socket_select_nic(self, ip);

    // call the NIC to bind the socket
    int _errno;
    if (self->nic_type->bind(self, ip, port, &_errno) != 0) {
        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_arg1(&mp_type_OSError, MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(_errno)));
    }

    return mp_const_none;
}

STATIC mp_obj_t list_pop(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
    mp_check_self(MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(args[0], &mp_type_list));
    mp_obj_list_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(args[0]);
    if (self->len == 0) {
        mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_IndexError, "pop from empty list");
    }
    size_t index = mp_get_index(self->base.type, self->len, n_args == 1 ? MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(-1) : args[1], false);
    mp_obj_t ret = self->items[index];
    self->len -= 1;
    memmove(self->items + index, self->items + index + 1, (self->len - index) * sizeof(mp_obj_t));
    // Clear stale pointer from slot which just got freed to prevent GC issues
    self->items[self->len] = MP_OBJ_NULL;
    if (self->alloc > LIST_MIN_ALLOC && self->alloc > 2 * self->len) {
        self->items = m_renew(mp_obj_t, self->items, self->alloc, self->alloc/2);
        self->alloc /= 2;
    }
    return ret;
}

STATIC mp_obj_t ffimod_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args, size_t n_kw, const mp_obj_t *args) {
    (void)n_args;
    (void)n_kw;

    const char *fname = NULL;
    if (args[0] != mp_const_none) {
        fname = mp_obj_str_get_str(args[0]);
    }
    void *mod = dlopen(fname, RTLD_NOW | RTLD_LOCAL);

    if (mod == NULL) {
        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_arg1(&mp_type_OSError, MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(errno)));
    }
    mp_obj_ffimod_t *o = m_new_obj(mp_obj_ffimod_t);
    o->base.type = type;
    o->handle = mod;
    return MP_OBJ_FROM_PTR(o);
}

static mp_obj_t servo_obj_usecs(int n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
    pyb_servo_obj_t *self = args[0];
    uint usecs;
    if (n_args == 1) {
        // get
        return MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(ticksToUs(servo_ticks[self->servo_id]));
    }
    // Set
    usecs = mp_obj_get_int(args[1]);

    if (self->min_usecs < self->max_usecs) {
        usecs = clamp(usecs, self->min_usecs, self->max_usecs);
    } else {
        usecs = clamp(usecs, self->max_usecs, self->min_usecs);
    }
    servo_ticks[self->servo_id] = usToTicks(usecs);
    return mp_const_none;
}

/**
 * def write(self, mask)
 */
static mp_obj_t class_queue_write(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t buf_in)
{
    struct class_queue_t *self_p;
    mp_buffer_info_t bufinfo;
    ssize_t res;

    self_p = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
    mp_get_buffer_raise(buf_in, &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);

    res = queue_write(&self_p->queue, bufinfo.buf, bufinfo.len);

    if (res <= 0) {
        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_OSError,
                                           "failed to write to queue"));
    }

    return (MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(res));
}

STATIC mp_obj_t socket_sendto(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
    mp_obj_socket_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(args[0]);
    int flags = 0;

    mp_obj_t dst_addr = args[2];
    if (n_args > 3) {
        flags = MP_OBJ_SMALL_INT_VALUE(args[2]);
        dst_addr = args[3];
    }

    mp_buffer_info_t bufinfo, addr_bi;
    mp_get_buffer_raise(args[1], &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);
    mp_get_buffer_raise(dst_addr, &addr_bi, MP_BUFFER_READ);
    int out_sz = sendto(self->fd, bufinfo.buf, bufinfo.len, flags,
                        (struct sockaddr *)addr_bi.buf, addr_bi.len);
    RAISE_ERRNO(out_sz, errno);

    return MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(out_sz);
}