int inet_listen(const char *str, char *ostr, int olen,
                int socktype, int port_offset)
{
    QemuOpts *opts;
    char *optstr;
    int sock = -1;

    opts = qemu_opts_create(&dummy_opts, NULL, 0);
    if (inet_parse(opts, str) == 0) {
        sock = inet_listen_opts(opts, port_offset);
        if (sock != -1 && ostr) {
            optstr = strchr(str, ',');
            if (qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "ipv6", 0)) {
                snprintf(ostr, olen, "[%s]:%s%s",
                         qemu_opt_get(opts, "host"),
                         qemu_opt_get(opts, "port"),
                         optstr ? optstr : "");
            } else {
                snprintf(ostr, olen, "%s:%s%s",
                         qemu_opt_get(opts, "host"),
                         qemu_opt_get(opts, "port"),
                         optstr ? optstr : "");
            }
        }
    }
    qemu_opts_del(opts);
    return sock;
}

int inet_listen(const char *str, char *ostr, int olen,
                int socktype, int port_offset, Error **errp)
{
    QemuOpts *opts;
    char *optstr;
    int sock = -1;
    InetSocketAddress *addr;

    addr = inet_parse(str, errp);
    if (addr != NULL) {
        opts = qemu_opts_create(&socket_optslist, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
        inet_addr_to_opts(opts, addr);
        qapi_free_InetSocketAddress(addr);
        sock = inet_listen_opts(opts, port_offset, errp);
        if (sock != -1 && ostr) {
            optstr = strchr(str, ',');
            if (qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "ipv6", 0)) {
                snprintf(ostr, olen, "[%s]:%s%s",
                         qemu_opt_get(opts, "host"),
                         qemu_opt_get(opts, "port"),
                         optstr ? optstr : "");
            } else {
                snprintf(ostr, olen, "%s:%s%s",
                         qemu_opt_get(opts, "host"),
                         qemu_opt_get(opts, "port"),
                         optstr ? optstr : "");
            }
        }
        qemu_opts_del(opts);
    }
    return sock;
}

static void test_qemu_opt_unset(void)
{
    QemuOpts *opts;
    const char *value;
    int ret;

    /* dynamically initialized (parsed) opts */
    opts = qemu_opts_parse(&opts_list_03, "key=value", 0);
    g_assert(opts != NULL);

    /* check default/parsed value */
    value = qemu_opt_get(opts, "key");
    g_assert_cmpstr(value, ==, "value");

    /* reset it to value2 */
    qemu_opt_set(opts, "key", "value2");

    value = qemu_opt_get(opts, "key");
    g_assert_cmpstr(value, ==, "value2");

    /* unset, valid only for "accept any" */
    ret = qemu_opt_unset(opts, "key");
    g_assert(ret == 0);

    /* after reset the value should be the parsed/default one */
    value = qemu_opt_get(opts, "key");
    g_assert_cmpstr(value, ==, "value");

    qemu_opts_del(opts);
}

static int net_tap_init(QemuOpts *opts, int *vnet_hdr)
{
    int fd, vnet_hdr_required;
    char ifname[128] = {0,};
    const char *setup_script;

    if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "ifname")) {
        pstrcpy(ifname, sizeof(ifname), qemu_opt_get(opts, "ifname"));
    }

    *vnet_hdr = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "vnet_hdr", 1);
    if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "vnet_hdr")) {
        vnet_hdr_required = *vnet_hdr;
    } else {
        vnet_hdr_required = 0;
    }

    TFR(fd = tap_open(ifname, sizeof(ifname), vnet_hdr, vnet_hdr_required));
    if (fd < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    setup_script = qemu_opt_get(opts, "script");
    if (setup_script &&
        setup_script[0] != '\0' &&
        strcmp(setup_script, "no") != 0 &&
        launch_script(setup_script, ifname, fd)) {
        close(fd);
        return -1;
    }

    qemu_opt_set(opts, "ifname", ifname);

    return fd;
}

void replay_configure(QemuOpts *opts)
{
    const char *fname;
    const char *rr;
    ReplayMode mode = REPLAY_MODE_NONE;

    rr = qemu_opt_get(opts, "rr");
    if (!rr) {
        /* Just enabling icount */
        return;
    } else if (!strcmp(rr, "record")) {
        mode = REPLAY_MODE_RECORD;
    } else if (!strcmp(rr, "replay")) {
        mode = REPLAY_MODE_PLAY;
    } else {
        error_report("Invalid icount rr option: %s", rr);
        exit(1);
    }

    fname = qemu_opt_get(opts, "rrfile");
    if (!fname) {
        error_report("File name not specified for replay");
        exit(1);
    }

    replay_enable(fname, mode);
}

/* Scan for remote-port links to be setup.  */
void rp_device_add(QemuOpts *opts, DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
{
    Error *err = NULL;
    Object *adaptor;
    bool ambiguous;
    const char *path;
    char *name;
    int i;

    /*
     * Find the adaptor this remote-port device is connected to.
     * At the moment, we only support one adaptor per device.
     */
    name = g_strdup_printf("rp-adaptor%d", 0);
    path = qemu_opt_get(opts, name);
    g_free(name);
    if (!path) {
        /* This is not a remote-port device.  */
        return;
    }
    adaptor = object_resolve_path(path, &ambiguous);
    if (!adaptor) {
        error_setg(errp, "Did not find rp adaptor %s!\n", path);
        return;
    }

    /*
     * Loop through the channels this device provides and attach
     * them to the adaptor.
     */
    for (i = 0; i < INT_MAX; i++) {
        unsigned long dev_nr;
        const char *dev_nr_str;

        name = g_strdup_printf("rp-chan%d", i);
        dev_nr_str = qemu_opt_get(opts, name);
        g_free(name);

        if (!dev_nr_str) {
            if (i == 0) {
                /* At least one channel must be provided.  */
                error_setg(errp, "Did not find rp-chan%d!\n", i);
            }
            return;
        }

        if (qemu_strtoul(dev_nr_str, NULL, 0, &dev_nr)) {
            error_setg(errp, "Invalid rp-chan%d!\n", i);
            return;
        }

        /* Now, attach the device to the adaptor.  */
        rp_device_attach(adaptor, OBJECT(dev), 0, dev_nr, &err);
        if (err != NULL) {
            error_propagate(errp, err);
            return;
        }
    }
}

static void fw_cfg_bootsplash(FWCfgState *s)
{
    const char *boot_splash_filename = NULL;
    const char *boot_splash_time = NULL;
    char *filename, *file_data;
    gsize file_size;
    int file_type;

    /* get user configuration */
    QemuOptsList *plist = qemu_find_opts("boot-opts");
    QemuOpts *opts = QTAILQ_FIRST(&plist->head);
    boot_splash_filename = qemu_opt_get(opts, "splash");
    boot_splash_time = qemu_opt_get(opts, "splash-time");

    /* insert splash time if user configurated */
    if (boot_splash_time) {
        int64_t bst_val = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "splash-time", -1);
        uint16_t bst_le16;

        /* validate the input */
        if (bst_val < 0 || bst_val > 0xffff) {
            error_report("splash-time is invalid,"
                         "it should be a value between 0 and 65535");
            exit(1);
        }
        /* use little endian format */
        bst_le16 = cpu_to_le16(bst_val);
        fw_cfg_add_file(s, "etc/boot-menu-wait",
                        g_memdup(&bst_le16, sizeof bst_le16), sizeof bst_le16);
    }

    /* insert splash file if user configurated */
    if (boot_splash_filename) {
        filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, boot_splash_filename);
        if (filename == NULL) {
            error_report("failed to find file '%s'", boot_splash_filename);
            return;
        }

        /* loading file data */
        file_data = read_splashfile(filename, &file_size, &file_type);
        if (file_data == NULL) {
            g_free(filename);
            return;
        }
        g_free(boot_splash_filedata);
        boot_splash_filedata = (uint8_t *)file_data;

        /* insert data */
        if (file_type == JPG_FILE) {
            fw_cfg_add_file(s, "bootsplash.jpg",
                            boot_splash_filedata, file_size);
        } else {
            fw_cfg_add_file(s, "bootsplash.bmp",
                            boot_splash_filedata, file_size);
        }
        g_free(filename);
    }
}

static int qemu_archipelago_open(BlockDriverState *bs,
                                 QDict *options,
                                 int bdrv_flags,
                                 Error **errp)
{
    int ret = 0;
    const char *volume, *segment_name;
    QemuOpts *opts;
    Error *local_err = NULL;
    BDRVArchipelagoState *s = bs->opaque;

    opts = qemu_opts_create(&archipelago_runtime_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
    qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, options, &local_err);
    if (local_err) {
        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto err_exit;
    }

    s->mportno = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, ARCHIPELAGO_OPT_MPORT,
                                     ARCHIPELAGO_DFL_MPORT);
    s->vportno = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, ARCHIPELAGO_OPT_VPORT,
                                     ARCHIPELAGO_DFL_VPORT);

    segment_name = qemu_opt_get(opts, ARCHIPELAGO_OPT_SEGMENT);
    if (segment_name == NULL) {
        s->segment_name = g_strdup("archipelago");
    } else {
        s->segment_name = g_strdup(segment_name);
    }

    volume = qemu_opt_get(opts, ARCHIPELAGO_OPT_VOLUME);
    if (volume == NULL) {
        error_setg(errp, "archipelago block driver requires the 'volume'"
                   " option");
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto err_exit;
    }
    s->volname = g_strdup(volume);

    /* Initialize XSEG, join shared memory segment */
    ret = qemu_archipelago_init(s);
    if (ret < 0) {
        error_setg(errp, "cannot initialize XSEG and join shared "
                   "memory segment");
        goto err_exit;
    }

    qemu_opts_del(opts);
    return 0;

err_exit:
    g_free(s->volname);
    g_free(s->segment_name);
    qemu_opts_del(opts);
    return ret;
}

static void s390_ipl_set_boot_menu(S390IPLState *ipl)
{
    QemuOptsList *plist = qemu_find_opts("boot-opts");
    QemuOpts *opts = QTAILQ_FIRST(&plist->head);
    uint8_t *flags = &ipl->qipl.qipl_flags;
    uint32_t *timeout = &ipl->qipl.boot_menu_timeout;
    const char *tmp;
    unsigned long splash_time = 0;

    if (!get_boot_device(0)) {
        if (boot_menu) {
            error_report("boot menu requires a bootindex to be specified for "
                         "the IPL device");
        }
        return;
    }

    switch (ipl->iplb.pbt) {
    case S390_IPL_TYPE_CCW:
        /* In the absence of -boot menu, use zipl parameters */
        if (!qemu_opt_get(opts, "menu")) {
            *flags |= QIPL_FLAG_BM_OPTS_ZIPL;
            return;
        }
        break;
    case S390_IPL_TYPE_QEMU_SCSI:
        break;
    default:
        if (boot_menu) {
            error_report("boot menu is not supported for this device type");
        }
        return;
    }

    if (!boot_menu) {
        return;
    }

    *flags |= QIPL_FLAG_BM_OPTS_CMD;

    tmp = qemu_opt_get(opts, "splash-time");

    if (tmp && qemu_strtoul(tmp, NULL, 10, &splash_time)) {
        error_report("splash-time is invalid, forcing it to 0");
        *timeout = 0;
        return;
    }

    if (splash_time > 0xffffffff) {
        error_report("splash-time is too large, forcing it to max value");
        *timeout = 0xffffffff;
        return;
    }

    *timeout = cpu_to_be32(splash_time);
}

static int qemu_add_one_global(QemuOpts *opts, void *opaque)
{
    GlobalProperty *g;

    g = qemu_mallocz(sizeof(*g));
    g->driver   = qemu_opt_get(opts, "driver");
    g->property = qemu_opt_get(opts, "property");
    g->value    = qemu_opt_get(opts, "value");
    qdev_prop_register_global(g);
    return 0;
}

static int qdev_add_one_global(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
{
    GlobalProperty *g;

    g = g_malloc0(sizeof(*g));
    g->driver   = qemu_opt_get(opts, "driver");
    g->property = qemu_opt_get(opts, "property");
    g->value    = qemu_opt_get(opts, "value");
    g->user_provided = true;
    qdev_prop_register_global(g);
    return 0;
}

static int blkverify_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags)
{
    BDRVBlkverifyState *s = bs->opaque;
    QemuOpts *opts;
    Error *local_err = NULL;
    const char *filename, *raw;
    int ret;

    opts = qemu_opts_create_nofail(&runtime_opts);
    qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, options, &local_err);
    if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
        qerror_report_err(local_err);
        error_free(local_err);
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto fail;
    }

    /* Parse the raw image filename */
    raw = qemu_opt_get(opts, "x-raw");
    if (raw == NULL) {
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto fail;
    }

    ret = bdrv_file_open(&bs->file, raw, NULL, flags);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto fail;
    }

    /* Open the test file */
    filename = qemu_opt_get(opts, "x-image");
    if (filename == NULL) {
        ret = -EINVAL;
        goto fail;
    }

    s->test_file = bdrv_new("");
    ret = bdrv_open(s->test_file, filename, NULL, flags, NULL);
    if (ret < 0) {
        bdrv_unref(s->test_file);
        s->test_file = NULL;
        goto fail;
    }

    ret = 0;
fail:
    return ret;
}

static void test_qemu_opts_set(void)
{
    QemuOptsList *list;
    QemuOpts *opts;
    int ret;
    const char *opt;

    list = qemu_find_opts("opts_list_01");
    g_assert(list != NULL);
    g_assert(QTAILQ_EMPTY(&list->head));
    g_assert_cmpstr(list->name, ==, "opts_list_01");

    /* should not find anything at this point */
    opts = qemu_opts_find(list, NULL);
    g_assert(opts == NULL);

    /* implicitly create opts and set str3 value */
    ret = qemu_opts_set(list, NULL, "str3", "value");
    g_assert(ret == 0);
    g_assert(!QTAILQ_EMPTY(&list->head));

    /* get the just created opts */
    opts = qemu_opts_find(list, NULL);
    g_assert(opts != NULL);

    /* check the str3 value */
    opt = qemu_opt_get(opts, "str3");
    g_assert_cmpstr(opt, ==, "value");

    qemu_opts_del(opts);

    /* should not find anything at this point */
    opts = qemu_opts_find(list, NULL);
    g_assert(opts == NULL);
}

int xen_config_dev_blk(DriveInfo *disk)
{
    char fe[256], be[256], device_name[32];
    int vdev = 202 * 256 + 16 * disk->unit;
    int cdrom = disk->media_cd;
    const char *devtype = cdrom ? "cdrom" : "disk";
    const char *mode    = cdrom ? "r"     : "w";
    const char *filename = qemu_opt_get(disk->opts, "file");

    snprintf(device_name, sizeof(device_name), "xvd%c", 'a' + disk->unit);
    xen_be_printf(NULL, 1, "config disk %d [%s]: %s\n",
                  disk->unit, device_name, filename);
    xen_config_dev_dirs("vbd", "qdisk", vdev, fe, be, sizeof(fe));

    /* frontend */
    xenstore_write_int(fe, "virtual-device",  vdev);
    xenstore_write_str(fe, "device-type",     devtype);

    /* backend */
    xenstore_write_str(be, "dev",             device_name);
    xenstore_write_str(be, "type",            "file");
    xenstore_write_str(be, "params",          filename);
    xenstore_write_str(be, "mode",            mode);

    /* common stuff */
    return xen_config_dev_all(fe, be);
}

int unix_connect_opts(QemuOpts *opts)
{
    SockAddress  un;
    const char *path = qemu_opt_get(opts, "path");
    int ret, sock;

    sock = socket_create_unix(SOCKET_STREAM);
    if (sock < 0) {
        perror("socket(unix)");
        return -1;
    }

    sock_address_init_unix(&un, path);
    ret = socket_connect(sock, &un);
    sock_address_done(&un);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "connect(unix:%s): %s\n", path, errno_str);
        return -1;
    }


    if (sockets_debug)
        fprintf(stderr, "connect(unix:%s): OK\n", path);
    return sock;
}

uint32_t qemu_devtree_alloc_phandle(void *fdt)
{
    static int phandle = 0x0;

    /*
     * We need to find out if the user gave us special instruction at
     * which phandle id to start allocting phandles.
     */
    if (!phandle) {
        QemuOpts *machine_opts;
        machine_opts = qemu_opts_find(qemu_find_opts("machine"), 0);
        if (machine_opts) {
            const char *phandle_start;
            phandle_start = qemu_opt_get(machine_opts, "phandle_start");
            if (phandle_start) {
                phandle = strtoul(phandle_start, NULL, 0);
            }
        }
    }

    if (!phandle) {
        /*
         * None or invalid phandle given on the command line, so fall back to
         * default starting point.
         */
        phandle = 0x8000;
    }

    return phandle++;
}

static int coroutine_fn qemu_rbd_co_create_opts(const char *filename,
                                                QemuOpts *opts,
                                                Error **errp)
{
    BlockdevCreateOptions *create_options;
    BlockdevCreateOptionsRbd *rbd_opts;
    BlockdevOptionsRbd *loc;
    Error *local_err = NULL;
    const char *keypairs, *password_secret;
    QDict *options = NULL;
    int ret = 0;

    create_options = g_new0(BlockdevCreateOptions, 1);
    create_options->driver = BLOCKDEV_DRIVER_RBD;
    rbd_opts = &create_options->u.rbd;

    rbd_opts->location = g_new0(BlockdevOptionsRbd, 1);

    password_secret = qemu_opt_get(opts, "password-secret");

    /* Read out options */
    rbd_opts->size = ROUND_UP(qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0),
                              BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
    rbd_opts->cluster_size = qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts,
                                                   BLOCK_OPT_CLUSTER_SIZE, 0);
    rbd_opts->has_cluster_size = (rbd_opts->cluster_size != 0);

    options = qdict_new();
    qemu_rbd_parse_filename(filename, options, &local_err);
    if (local_err) {
        ret = -EINVAL;
        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
        goto exit;
    }

    /*
     * Caution: while qdict_get_try_str() is fine, getting non-string
     * types would require more care.  When @options come from -blockdev
     * or blockdev_add, its members are typed according to the QAPI
     * schema, but when they come from -drive, they're all QString.
     */
    loc = rbd_opts->location;
    loc->pool     = g_strdup(qdict_get_try_str(options, "pool"));
    loc->conf     = g_strdup(qdict_get_try_str(options, "conf"));
    loc->has_conf = !!loc->conf;
    loc->user     = g_strdup(qdict_get_try_str(options, "user"));
    loc->has_user = !!loc->user;
    loc->image    = g_strdup(qdict_get_try_str(options, "image"));
    keypairs      = qdict_get_try_str(options, "=keyvalue-pairs");

    ret = qemu_rbd_do_create(create_options, keypairs, password_secret, errp);
    if (ret < 0) {
        goto exit;
    }

exit:
    qobject_unref(options);
    qapi_free_BlockdevCreateOptions(create_options);
    return ret;
}

static void *get_device_tree(int *fdt_size)
{
    char *path;
    void *fdt;
    const char *dtb_arg;
    QemuOpts *machine_opts;

    machine_opts = qemu_opts_find(qemu_find_opts("machine"), 0);
    if (!machine_opts) {
        dtb_arg = BINARY_DEVICE_TREE_FILE;
    } else {
      dtb_arg = qemu_opt_get(machine_opts, "dtb");
      if (!dtb_arg) {
          dtb_arg = BINARY_DEVICE_TREE_FILE;
      }
    }

    fdt = load_device_tree(dtb_arg, fdt_size);
    if (!fdt) {
        path = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, BINARY_DEVICE_TREE_FILE);
        if (path) {
            fdt = load_device_tree(path, fdt_size);
            g_free(path);
        }
    }

    return fdt;
}

int unix_connect_opts(QemuOpts *opts)
{
    struct sockaddr_un un;
    const char *path = qemu_opt_get(opts, "path");
    int sock;

    if (NULL == path) {
        fprintf(stderr, "unix connect: no path specified\n");
        return -1;
    }

    sock = qemu_socket(PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (sock < 0) {
        perror("socket(unix)");
        return -1;
    }

    memset(&un, 0, sizeof(un));
    un.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
    snprintf(un.sun_path, sizeof(un.sun_path), "%s", path);
    if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*) &un, sizeof(un)) < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "connect(unix:%s): %s\n", path, strerror(errno));
	return -1;
    }

    if (sockets_debug)
        fprintf(stderr, "connect(unix:%s): OK\n", path);
    return sock;
}

/* compatibility wrapper */
int unix_listen(const char *str, char *ostr, int olen)
{
    QemuOpts *opts;
    char *path, *optstr;
    int sock, len;

    opts = qemu_opts_create(&dummy_opts, NULL, 0);

    optstr = strchr(str, ',');
    if (optstr) {
        len = optstr - str;
        if (len) {
            path = qemu_malloc(len+1);
            snprintf(path, len+1, "%.*s", len, str);
            qemu_opt_set(opts, "path", path);
            qemu_free(path);
        }
    } else {
        qemu_opt_set(opts, "path", str);
    }

    sock = unix_listen_opts(opts);

    if (sock != -1 && ostr)
        snprintf(ostr, olen, "%s%s", qemu_opt_get(opts, "path"), optstr ? optstr : "");
    qemu_opts_del(opts);
    return sock;
}