func (self *Registrar) SetUrlHint(urlhint string, addr common.Address) (txhash string, err error) {
	if urlhint != "" {
		UrlHintAddr = urlhint
	} else {
		if !zero.MatchString(UrlHintAddr) {
			return
		}
		nameHex, extra := encodeName(UrlHintName, 2)
		urlHintAbi := resolveAbi + nameHex + extra
		glog.V(logger.Detail).Infof("UrlHint address query data: %s to %s", urlHintAbi, GlobalRegistrarAddr)
		var res string
		res, _, err = self.backend.Call("", GlobalRegistrarAddr, "", "", "", urlHintAbi)
		if len(res) >= 40 {
			UrlHintAddr = "0x" + res[len(res)-40:len(res)]
		}
		if err != nil || zero.MatchString(UrlHintAddr) {
			if (addr == common.Address{}) {
				err = fmt.Errorf("UrlHint address not found and sender for creation not given")
				return
			}
			txhash, err = self.backend.Transact(addr.Hex(), "", "", "", "210000", "", UrlHintCode)
			if err != nil {
				err = fmt.Errorf("UrlHint address not found and sender for creation failed: %v", err)
			}
			glog.V(logger.Detail).Infof("created UrlHint @ txhash %v\n", txhash)
		} else {
			glog.V(logger.Detail).Infof("UrlHint found @ %v\n", HashRegAddr)
			return
		}
	}

	return
}

// SetUrlToHash(from, hash, url) registers a url to a content hash so that the content can be fetched
// address is used as sender for the transaction and will be the owner of a new
// registry entry on first time use
// FIXME: silently doing nothing if sender is not the owner
// note that with content addressed storage, this step is no longer necessary
func (self *Registrar) SetUrlToHash(address common.Address, hash common.Hash, url string) (txh string, err error) {
	hashHex := common.Bytes2Hex(hash[:])
	var urlHex string
	urlb := []byte(url)
	var cnt byte
	n := len(urlb)

	for n > 0 {
		if n > 32 {
			n = 32
		}
		urlHex = common.Bytes2Hex(urlb[:n])
		urlb = urlb[n:]
		n = len(urlb)
		bcnt := make([]byte, 32)
		bcnt[31] = cnt
		data := registerUrlAbi +
			hashHex +
			common.Bytes2Hex(bcnt) +
			common.Bytes2Hex(common.Hex2BytesFixed(urlHex, 32))
		txh, err = self.backend.Transact(
			address.Hex(),
			UrlHintAddr,
			"", "", "", "",
			data,
		)
		if err != nil {
			return
		}
		cnt++
	}
	return
}

func (self *Registrar) SetHashReg(hashreg string, addr common.Address) (txhash string, err error) {
	if hashreg != "" {
		HashRegAddr = hashreg
	} else {
		if !zero.MatchString(HashRegAddr) {
			return
		}
		nameHex, extra := encodeName(HashRegName, 2)
		hashRegAbi := resolveAbi + nameHex + extra
		glog.V(logger.Detail).Infof("\ncall HashRegAddr %v with %v\n", GlobalRegistrarAddr, hashRegAbi)
		var res string
		res, _, err = self.backend.Call("", GlobalRegistrarAddr, "", "", "", hashRegAbi)
		if len(res) >= 40 {
			HashRegAddr = "0x" + res[len(res)-40:len(res)]
		}
		if err != nil || zero.MatchString(HashRegAddr) {
			if (addr == common.Address{}) {
				err = fmt.Errorf("HashReg address not found and sender for creation not given")
				return
			}

			txhash, err = self.backend.Transact(addr.Hex(), "", "", "", "", "", HashRegCode)
			if err != nil {
				err = fmt.Errorf("HashReg address not found and sender for creation failed: %v", err)
			}
			glog.V(logger.Detail).Infof("created HashRegAddr @ txhash %v\n", txhash)
		} else {
			glog.V(logger.Detail).Infof("HashRegAddr found at @ %v\n", HashRegAddr)
			return
		}
	}

	return
}

func opCreate(instr instruction, env Environment, context *Context, memory *Memory, stack *stack) {
	var (
		value        = stack.pop()
		offset, size = stack.pop(), stack.pop()
		input        = memory.Get(offset.Int64(), size.Int64())
		gas          = new(big.Int).Set(context.Gas)
		addr         common.Address
	)

	context.UseGas(context.Gas)
	ret, suberr, ref := env.Create(context, input, gas, context.Price, value)
	if suberr != nil {
		stack.push(new(big.Int))

	} else {
		// gas < len(ret) * Createinstr.dataGas == NO_CODE
		dataGas := big.NewInt(int64(len(ret)))
		dataGas.Mul(dataGas, params.CreateDataGas)
		if context.UseGas(dataGas) {
			ref.SetCode(ret)
		}
		addr = ref.Address()

		stack.push(addr.Big())

	}
}

// called as first step in the registration process on HashReg
func (self *Registrar) SetOwner(address common.Address) (txh string, err error) {
	return self.backend.Transact(
		address.Hex(),
		HashRegAddr,
		"", "", "", "",
		setOwnerAbi,
	)
}

// SetNonce sets the new canonical nonce for the managed state
func (ms *ManagedState) SetNonce(addr common.Address, nonce uint64) {
	ms.mu.Lock()
	defer ms.mu.Unlock()

	so := ms.GetOrNewStateObject(addr)
	so.SetNonce(nonce)

	ms.accounts[addr.Str()] = newAccount(so)
}

// NewStateObject create a state object whether it exist in the trie or not
func (self *StateDB) newStateObject(addr common.Address) *StateObject {
	if glog.V(logger.Core) {
		glog.Infof("(+) %x\n", addr)
	}

	stateObject := NewStateObject(addr, self.db)
	self.stateObjects[addr.Str()] = stateObject

	return stateObject
}

// ReserveName(from, name) reserves name for the sender address in the globalRegistrar
// the tx needs to be mined to take effect
func (self *Registrar) ReserveName(address common.Address, name string) (txh string, err error) {
	nameHex, extra := encodeName(name, 2)
	abi := reserveAbi + nameHex + extra
	glog.V(logger.Detail).Infof("Reserve data: %s", abi)
	return self.backend.Transact(
		address.Hex(),
		GlobalRegistrarAddr,
		"", "", "", "",
		abi,
	)
}

// SetAddressToName(from, name, addr) will set the Address to address for name
// in the globalRegistrar using from as the sender of the transaction
// the tx needs to be mined to take effect
func (self *Registrar) SetAddressToName(from common.Address, name string, address common.Address) (txh string, err error) {
	nameHex, extra := encodeName(name, 6)
	addrHex := encodeAddress(address)

	abi := registerAbi + nameHex + addrHex + trueHex + extra
	glog.V(logger.Detail).Infof("SetAddressToName data: %s to %s ", abi, GlobalRegistrarAddr)

	return self.backend.Transact(
		from.Hex(),
		GlobalRegistrarAddr,
		"", "", "", "",
		abi,
	)
}

// NameToAddr(from, name) queries the registrar for the address on name
func (self *Registrar) NameToAddr(from common.Address, name string) (address common.Address, err error) {
	nameHex, extra := encodeName(name, 2)
	abi := resolveAbi + nameHex + extra
	glog.V(logger.Detail).Infof("NameToAddr data: %s", abi)
	res, _, err := self.backend.Call(
		from.Hex(),
		GlobalRegistrarAddr,
		"", "", "",
		abi,
	)
	if err != nil {
		return
	}
	address = common.HexToAddress(res)
	return
}

func (self *XEth) doSign(from common.Address, hash common.Hash, didUnlock bool) ([]byte, error) {
	sig, err := self.backend.AccountManager().Sign(accounts.Account{Address: from}, hash.Bytes())
	if err == accounts.ErrLocked {
		if didUnlock {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("signer account still locked after successful unlock")
		}
		if !self.frontend.UnlockAccount(from.Bytes()) {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not unlock signer account")
		}
		// retry signing, the account should now be unlocked.
		return self.doSign(from, hash, true)
	} else if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return sig, nil
}

// registers some content hash to a key/code hash
// e.g., the contract Info combined Json Doc's ContentHash
// to CodeHash of a contract or hash of a domain
func (self *Registrar) SetHashToHash(address common.Address, codehash, dochash common.Hash) (txh string, err error) {
	_, err = self.SetOwner(address)
	if err != nil {
		return
	}
	codehex := common.Bytes2Hex(codehash[:])
	dochex := common.Bytes2Hex(dochash[:])

	data := registerContentHashAbi + codehex + dochex
	glog.V(logger.Detail).Infof("SetHashToHash data: %s sent  to %v\n", data, HashRegAddr)
	return self.backend.Transact(
		address.Hex(),
		HashRegAddr,
		"", "", "", "",
		data,
	)
}

// populate the managed state
func (ms *ManagedState) getAccount(addr common.Address) *account {
	straddr := addr.Str()
	if account, ok := ms.accounts[straddr]; !ok {
		so := ms.GetOrNewStateObject(addr)
		ms.accounts[straddr] = newAccount(so)
	} else {
		// Always make sure the state account nonce isn't actually higher
		// than the tracked one.
		so := ms.StateDB.GetStateObject(addr)
		if so != nil && uint64(len(account.nonces))+account.nstart < so.nonce {
			ms.accounts[straddr] = newAccount(so)
		}

	}

	return ms.accounts[straddr]
}

func (self *Registrar) SetGlobalRegistrar(namereg string, addr common.Address) (txhash string, err error) {
	if namereg != "" {
		GlobalRegistrarAddr = namereg
		return
	}
	if GlobalRegistrarAddr == "0x0" || GlobalRegistrarAddr == "0x" {
		if (addr == common.Address{}) {
			err = fmt.Errorf("GlobalRegistrar address not found and sender for creation not given")
			return
		} else {
			txhash, err = self.backend.Transact(addr.Hex(), "", "", "", "800000", "", GlobalRegistrarCode)
			if err != nil {
				err = fmt.Errorf("GlobalRegistrar address not found and sender for creation failed: %v", err)
				return
			}
		}
	}
	return
}

// Retrieve a state object given my the address. Nil if not found
func (self *StateDB) GetStateObject(addr common.Address) (stateObject *StateObject) {
	stateObject = self.stateObjects[addr.Str()]
	if stateObject != nil {
		if stateObject.deleted {
			stateObject = nil
		}

		return stateObject
	}

	data := self.trie.Get(addr[:])
	if len(data) == 0 {
		return nil
	}

	stateObject = NewStateObjectFromBytes(addr, []byte(data), self.db)
	self.SetStateObject(stateObject)

	return stateObject
}

func (ms *ManagedState) hasAccount(addr common.Address) bool {
	_, ok := ms.accounts[addr.Str()]
	return ok
}

//.........这里部分代码省略.........
			x := stack.pop()
			y := stack.pop()
			z := stack.pop()

			if z.Cmp(Zero) > 0 {
				add := new(big.Int).Add(x, y)
				base.Mod(add, z)

				base = U256(base)
			}

			stack.push(base)
		case MULMOD:
			x := stack.pop()
			y := stack.pop()
			z := stack.pop()

			if z.Cmp(Zero) > 0 {
				mul := new(big.Int).Mul(x, y)
				base.Mod(mul, z)

				U256(base)
			}

			stack.push(base)

		case SHA3:
			offset, size := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
			data := crypto.Sha3(mem.Get(offset.Int64(), size.Int64()))

			stack.push(common.BigD(data))

		case ADDRESS:
			stack.push(common.Bytes2Big(context.Address().Bytes()))

		case BALANCE:
			addr := common.BigToAddress(stack.pop())
			balance := statedb.GetBalance(addr)

			stack.push(new(big.Int).Set(balance))

		case ORIGIN:
			origin := self.env.Origin()

			stack.push(origin.Big())

		case CALLER:
			caller := context.caller.Address()
			stack.push(common.Bytes2Big(caller.Bytes()))

		case CALLVALUE:
			stack.push(new(big.Int).Set(value))

		case CALLDATALOAD:
			data := getData(input, stack.pop(), common.Big32)

			stack.push(common.Bytes2Big(data))
		case CALLDATASIZE:
			l := int64(len(input))
			stack.push(big.NewInt(l))

		case CALLDATACOPY:
			var (
				mOff = stack.pop()
				cOff = stack.pop()
				l    = stack.pop()

func encodeAddress(address common.Address) string {
	return addressAbiPrefix + address.Hex()[2:]
}