func (c *funcContext) zeroValue(ty types.Type) ast.Expr {
	switch t := ty.Underlying().(type) {
	case *types.Basic:
		switch {
		case isBoolean(t):
			return c.newConst(ty, exact.MakeBool(false))
		case isNumeric(t):
			return c.newConst(ty, exact.MakeInt64(0))
		case isString(t):
			return c.newConst(ty, exact.MakeString(""))
		case t.Kind() == types.UnsafePointer:
			// fall through to "nil"
		case t.Kind() == types.UntypedNil:
			panic("Zero value for untyped nil.")
		default:
			panic(fmt.Sprintf("Unhandled basic type: %v\n", t))
		}
	case *types.Array, *types.Struct:
		return c.setType(&ast.CompositeLit{}, ty)
	case *types.Chan, *types.Interface, *types.Map, *types.Signature, *types.Slice, *types.Pointer:
		// fall through to "nil"
	default:
		panic(fmt.Sprintf("Unhandled type: %T\n", t))
	}
	id := c.newIdent("nil", ty)
	c.p.Uses[id] = nilObj
	return id
}

// zeroConst returns a new "zero" constant of the specified type,
// which must not be an array or struct type: the zero values of
// aggregates are well-defined but cannot be represented by Const.
//
func zeroConst(t types.Type) *Const {
	switch t := t.(type) {
	case *types.Basic:
		switch {
		case t.Info()&types.IsBoolean != 0:
			return NewConst(exact.MakeBool(false), t)
		case t.Info()&types.IsNumeric != 0:
			return NewConst(exact.MakeInt64(0), t)
		case t.Info()&types.IsString != 0:
			return NewConst(exact.MakeString(""), t)
		case t.Kind() == types.UnsafePointer:
			fallthrough
		case t.Kind() == types.UntypedNil:
			return nilConst(t)
		default:
			panic(fmt.Sprint("zeroConst for unexpected type:", t))
		}
	case *types.Pointer, *types.Slice, *types.Interface, *types.Chan, *types.Map, *types.Signature:
		return nilConst(t)
	case *types.Named:
		return NewConst(zeroConst(t.Underlying()).Value, t)
	case *types.Array, *types.Struct, *types.Tuple:
		panic(fmt.Sprint("zeroConst applied to aggregate:", t))
	}
	panic(fmt.Sprint("zeroConst: unexpected ", t))
}

func (p *importer) value() exact.Value {
	switch kind := exact.Kind(p.int()); kind {
	case falseTag:
		return exact.MakeBool(false)
	case trueTag:
		return exact.MakeBool(true)
	case int64Tag:
		return exact.MakeInt64(p.int64())
	case floatTag:
		return p.float()
	case fractionTag:
		return p.fraction()
	case complexTag:
		re := p.fraction()
		im := p.fraction()
		return exact.BinaryOp(re, token.ADD, exact.MakeImag(im))
	case stringTag:
		return exact.MakeString(p.string())
	default:
		panic(fmt.Sprintf("unexpected value kind %d", kind))
	}
}

func (check *Checker) comparison(x, y *operand, op token.Token) {
	// spec: "In any comparison, the first operand must be assignable
	// to the type of the second operand, or vice versa."
	err := ""
	if x.assignableTo(check.conf, y.typ) || y.assignableTo(check.conf, x.typ) {
		defined := false
		switch op {
		case token.EQL, token.NEQ:
			// spec: "The equality operators == and != apply to operands that are comparable."
			defined = Comparable(x.typ) || x.isNil() && hasNil(y.typ) || y.isNil() && hasNil(x.typ)
		case token.LSS, token.LEQ, token.GTR, token.GEQ:
			// spec: The ordering operators <, <=, >, and >= apply to operands that are ordered."
			defined = isOrdered(x.typ)
		default:
			unreachable()
		}
		if !defined {
			typ := x.typ
			if x.isNil() {
				typ = y.typ
			}
			err = check.sprintf("operator %s not defined for %s", op, typ)
		}
	} else {
		err = check.sprintf("mismatched types %s and %s", x.typ, y.typ)
	}

	if err != "" {
		check.errorf(x.pos(), "cannot compare %s %s %s (%s)", x.expr, op, y.expr, err)
		x.mode = invalid
		return
	}

	if x.mode == constant && y.mode == constant {
		x.val = exact.MakeBool(exact.Compare(x.val, op, y.val))
		// The operands are never materialized; no need to update
		// their types.
	} else {
		x.mode = value
		// The operands have now their final types, which at run-
		// time will be materialized. Update the expression trees.
		// If the current types are untyped, the materialized type
		// is the respective default type.
		check.updateExprType(x.expr, defaultType(x.typ), true)
		check.updateExprType(y.expr, defaultType(y.typ), true)
	}

	// spec: "Comparison operators compare two operands and yield
	//        an untyped boolean value."
	x.typ = Typ[UntypedBool]
}

func (c *funcContext) translateStmt(stmt ast.Stmt, label *types.Label) {
	c.SetPos(stmt.Pos())

	stmt = filter.IncDecStmt(stmt, c.p.Info)
	stmt = filter.Assign(stmt, c.p.Info)

	switch s := stmt.(type) {
	case *ast.BlockStmt:
		c.translateStmtList(s.List)

	case *ast.IfStmt:
		if s.Init != nil {
			c.translateStmt(s.Init, nil)
		}
		var caseClauses []ast.Stmt
		ifStmt := s
		for {
			caseClauses = append(caseClauses, &ast.CaseClause{List: []ast.Expr{ifStmt.Cond}, Body: ifStmt.Body.List})
			switch elseStmt := ifStmt.Else.(type) {
			case *ast.IfStmt:
				if elseStmt.Init != nil {
					caseClauses = append(caseClauses, &ast.CaseClause{List: nil, Body: []ast.Stmt{elseStmt}})
					break
				}
				ifStmt = elseStmt
				continue
			case *ast.BlockStmt:
				caseClauses = append(caseClauses, &ast.CaseClause{List: nil, Body: elseStmt.List})
			case *ast.EmptyStmt, nil:
				// no else clause
			default:
				panic(fmt.Sprintf("Unhandled else: %T\n", elseStmt))
			}
			break
		}
		c.translateBranchingStmt(caseClauses, false, nil, nil, nil, c.Flattened[s])

	case *ast.SwitchStmt:
		if s.Init != nil {
			c.translateStmt(s.Init, nil)
		}

		tag := s.Tag
		if tag == nil {
			tag = ast.NewIdent("true")
			c.p.Types[tag] = types.TypeAndValue{Type: types.Typ[types.Bool], Value: exact.MakeBool(true)}
		}

		if c.p.Types[tag].Value == nil {
			refVar := c.newVariable("_ref")
			c.Printf("%s = %s;", refVar, c.translateExpr(tag))
			tag = c.newIdent(refVar, c.p.Types[tag].Type)
		}

		translateCond := func(cond ast.Expr) *expression {
			return c.translateExpr(&ast.BinaryExpr{
				X:  tag,
				Op: token.EQL,
				Y:  cond,
			})
		}
		c.translateBranchingStmt(s.Body.List, true, translateCond, nil, label, c.Flattened[s])

	case *ast.TypeSwitchStmt:
		if s.Init != nil {
			c.translateStmt(s.Init, nil)
		}
		refVar := c.newVariable("_ref")
		var expr ast.Expr
		var printCaseBodyPrefix func(index int)
		switch a := s.Assign.(type) {
		case *ast.AssignStmt:
			expr = a.Rhs[0].(*ast.TypeAssertExpr).X
			printCaseBodyPrefix = func(index int) {
				value := refVar
				caseClause := s.Body.List[index].(*ast.CaseClause)
				if len(caseClause.List) == 1 {
					t := c.p.Types[caseClause.List[0]].Type
					if _, isInterface := t.Underlying().(*types.Interface); !isInterface && !types.Identical(t, types.Typ[types.UntypedNil]) {
						value += ".$val"
					}
				}
				c.Printf("%s = %s;", c.objectName(c.p.Implicits[caseClause]), value)
			}
		case *ast.ExprStmt:
			expr = a.X.(*ast.TypeAssertExpr).X
		}
		c.Printf("%s = %s;", refVar, c.translateExpr(expr))
		translateCond := func(cond ast.Expr) *expression {
			if types.Identical(c.p.Types[cond].Type, types.Typ[types.UntypedNil]) {
				return c.formatExpr("%s === $ifaceNil", refVar)
			}
			return c.formatExpr("$assertType(%s, %s, true)[1]", refVar, c.typeName(c.p.Types[cond].Type))
		}
		c.translateBranchingStmt(s.Body.List, true, translateCond, printCaseBodyPrefix, label, c.Flattened[s])

	case *ast.ForStmt:
		if s.Init != nil {
			c.translateStmt(s.Init, nil)
		}
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

//.........这里部分代码省略.........
		defer check.closeScope()

		check.stmtList(inner, s.List)

	case *ast.IfStmt:
		check.openScope(s, "if")
		defer check.closeScope()

		check.simpleStmt(s.Init)
		var x operand
		check.expr(&x, s.Cond)
		if x.mode != invalid && !isBoolean(x.typ) {
			check.error(s.Cond.Pos(), "non-boolean condition in if statement")
		}
		check.stmt(inner, s.Body)
		if s.Else != nil {
			check.stmt(inner, s.Else)
		}

	case *ast.SwitchStmt:
		inner |= breakOk
		check.openScope(s, "switch")
		defer check.closeScope()

		check.simpleStmt(s.Init)
		var x operand
		if s.Tag != nil {
			check.expr(&x, s.Tag)
		} else {
			// spec: "A missing switch expression is
			// equivalent to the boolean value true."
			x.mode = constant
			x.typ = Typ[Bool]
			x.val = exact.MakeBool(true)
			x.expr = &ast.Ident{NamePos: s.Body.Lbrace, Name: "true"}
		}

		check.multipleDefaults(s.Body.List)

		for i, c := range s.Body.List {
			clause, _ := c.(*ast.CaseClause)
			if clause == nil {
				check.invalidAST(c.Pos(), "incorrect expression switch case")
				continue
			}
			if x.mode != invalid {
				check.caseValues(x, clause.List)
			}
			check.openScope(clause, "case")
			inner := inner
			if i+1 < len(s.Body.List) {
				inner |= fallthroughOk
			}
			check.stmtList(inner, clause.Body)
			check.closeScope()
		}

	case *ast.TypeSwitchStmt:
		inner |= breakOk
		check.openScope(s, "type switch")
		defer check.closeScope()

		check.simpleStmt(s.Init)

		// A type switch guard must be of the form:
		//

// ConstValue     = string | "false" | "true" | ["-"] (int ["'"] | FloatOrComplex) .
// FloatOrComplex = float ["i" | ("+"|"-") float "i"] .
func (p *parser) parseConstValue() (val exact.Value, typ types.Type) {
	switch p.tok {
	case scanner.String:
		str := p.parseString()
		val = exact.MakeString(str)
		typ = types.Typ[types.UntypedString]
		return

	case scanner.Ident:
		b := false
		switch p.lit {
		case "false":
		case "true":
			b = true

		default:
			p.errorf("expected const value, got %s (%q)", scanner.TokenString(p.tok), p.lit)
		}

		p.next()
		val = exact.MakeBool(b)
		typ = types.Typ[types.UntypedBool]
		return
	}

	sign := ""
	if p.tok == '-' {
		p.next()
		sign = "-"
	}

	switch p.tok {
	case scanner.Int:
		val = exact.MakeFromLiteral(sign+p.lit, token.INT)
		if val == nil {
			p.error("could not parse integer literal")
		}

		p.next()
		if p.tok == '\'' {
			p.next()
			typ = types.Typ[types.UntypedRune]
		} else {
			typ = types.Typ[types.UntypedInt]
		}

	case scanner.Float:
		re := sign + p.lit
		p.next()

		var im string
		switch p.tok {
		case '+':
			p.next()
			im = p.expect(scanner.Float)

		case '-':
			p.next()
			im = "-" + p.expect(scanner.Float)

		case scanner.Ident:
			// re is in fact the imaginary component. Expect "i" below.
			im = re
			re = "0"

		default:
			val = exact.MakeFromLiteral(re, token.FLOAT)
			if val == nil {
				p.error("could not parse float literal")
			}
			typ = types.Typ[types.UntypedFloat]
			return
		}

		p.expectKeyword("i")
		reval := exact.MakeFromLiteral(re, token.FLOAT)
		if reval == nil {
			p.error("could not parse real component of complex literal")
		}
		imval := exact.MakeFromLiteral(im+"i", token.IMAG)
		if imval == nil {
			p.error("could not parse imag component of complex literal")
		}
		val = exact.BinaryOp(reval, token.ADD, imval)
		typ = types.Typ[types.UntypedComplex]

	default:
		p.errorf("expected const value, got %s (%q)", scanner.TokenString(p.tok), p.lit)
	}

	return
}

	// Error has a nil package in its qualified name since it is in no package
	res := NewVar(token.NoPos, nil, "", Typ[String])
	sig := &Signature{results: NewTuple(res)}
	err := NewFunc(token.NoPos, nil, "Error", sig)
	typ := &Named{underlying: NewInterface([]*Func{err}, nil).Complete()}
	sig.recv = NewVar(token.NoPos, nil, "", typ)
	def(NewTypeName(token.NoPos, nil, "error", typ))
}

var predeclaredConsts = [...]struct {
	name string
	kind BasicKind
	val  exact.Value
}{
	{"true", UntypedBool, exact.MakeBool(true)},
	{"false", UntypedBool, exact.MakeBool(false)},
	{"iota", UntypedInt, exact.MakeInt64(0)},
}

func defPredeclaredConsts() {
	for _, c := range predeclaredConsts {
		def(NewConst(token.NoPos, nil, c.name, Typ[c.kind], c.val))
	}
}

func defPredeclaredNil() {
	def(&Nil{object{name: "nil", typ: Typ[UntypedNil]}})
}

// A builtinId is the id of a builtin function.

// ConstDecl   = "const" ExportedName [ Type ] "=" Literal .
// Literal     = bool_lit | int_lit | float_lit | complex_lit | rune_lit | string_lit .
// bool_lit    = "true" | "false" .
// complex_lit = "(" float_lit "+" float_lit "i" ")" .
// rune_lit    = "(" int_lit "+" int_lit ")" .
// string_lit  = `"` { unicode_char } `"` .
//
func (p *parser) parseConstDecl() {
	p.expectKeyword("const")
	pkg, name := p.parseExportedName()

	var typ0 types.Type
	if p.tok != '=' {
		typ0 = p.parseType()
	}

	p.expect('=')
	var typ types.Type
	var val exact.Value
	switch p.tok {
	case scanner.Ident:
		// bool_lit
		if p.lit != "true" && p.lit != "false" {
			p.error("expected true or false")
		}
		typ = types.Typ[types.UntypedBool]
		val = exact.MakeBool(p.lit == "true")
		p.next()

	case '-', scanner.Int:
		// int_lit
		typ, val = p.parseNumber()

	case '(':
		// complex_lit or rune_lit
		p.next()
		if p.tok == scanner.Char {
			p.next()
			p.expect('+')
			typ = types.Typ[types.UntypedRune]
			_, val = p.parseNumber()
			p.expect(')')
			break
		}
		_, re := p.parseNumber()
		p.expect('+')
		_, im := p.parseNumber()
		p.expectKeyword("i")
		p.expect(')')
		typ = types.Typ[types.UntypedComplex]
		val = exact.BinaryOp(re, token.ADD, exact.MakeImag(im))

	case scanner.Char:
		// rune_lit
		typ = types.Typ[types.UntypedRune]
		val = exact.MakeFromLiteral(p.lit, token.CHAR)
		p.next()

	case scanner.String:
		// string_lit
		typ = types.Typ[types.UntypedString]
		val = exact.MakeFromLiteral(p.lit, token.STRING)
		p.next()

	default:
		p.errorf("expected literal got %s", scanner.TokenString(p.tok))
	}

	if typ0 == nil {
		typ0 = typ
	}

	pkg.Scope().Insert(types.NewConst(token.NoPos, pkg, name, typ0, val))
}