def test_get_keyword_defaults(self):
     self.assertEqual(utils.get_keyword_defaults(self.f1), {})
     d = {'b': 1, 'c': 2, 'd': 3, 'e': 4}
     self.assertEqual(utils.get_keyword_defaults(self.f2), d)
     del d['b']
     del d['c']
     self.assertEqual(utils.get_keyword_defaults(self.f2, 2), d)

 def __init__(self):
     self.priors = {}
     self._walker = Walk
     self._sampler = MetropolisMH
     self._sampler_opt = get_keyword_defaults(MetropolisMH.init)
     self.sample = None
     self.walk = lambda: None
     NoNewAttributesAfterInit.__init__(self)

    def __setstate__(self, state):
        new_config = get_keyword_defaults(state.get('_optfunc'))
        old_config = state.get('config', {})

        # remove old kw args from opt method dict
        for key in old_config.keys():
            if key not in new_config:
                old_config.pop(key)

        # add new kw args with defaults
        for key, val in new_config.items():
            if key not in old_config:
                old_config[key] = val

        self.__dict__.update(state)

    def __init__(self):

        self.priors = {}

        # default sampler
        self.sampler = 'MetropolisMH'
        self.samplers = {
            'MH' : {
                'class' : MH,
                'opts' : get_keyword_defaults(MH.init)
                },

            'MetropolisMH' : {
                'class' : MetropolisMH,
                'opts' : get_keyword_defaults(MetropolisMH.init)
                },
            }

        self.walk = 'Walk'
        self.walks = {
            'Walk' : {
                'class' : Walk,
                },
            }

    def _get_default_config(self):
        args = get_keyword_defaults(self._optfunc)
	return args

def get_histo_defaults():
    return get_keyword_defaults(histo, 6)

def get_contour_defaults():
    return get_keyword_defaults(contour, 6)

def get_point_defaults():
    return get_keyword_defaults(point, 2)

def get_plot_defaults():
    return get_keyword_defaults(plot, 7)

def get_split_plot_defaults():
    return get_keyword_defaults(set_subplot, 3)

 def _set_sampler(self, sampler):
     self._sampler = sampler
     self._sampler_opt = get_keyword_defaults(sampler.init)

def get_histo_defaults():
    return get_keyword_defaults(_histogram, 6)

        pylab.draw()

def exceptions():
    pass

def _choose(test, iftrue, iffalse=None):
    if test:
        return iftrue
    return iffalse


# In matplotlib 1.5RC1 the kwargs to pylab.Axes.errorbar are not
# explictit, but they appear to be set for pybal.errorbar, so
# switch to that.
# _errorbar_defaults = get_keyword_defaults(pylab.Axes.errorbar)
_errorbar_defaults = get_keyword_defaults(pylab.errorbar)


def clear_window():
    pylab.clf()

def set_window_redraw(redraw):
    if redraw:
        pylab.draw()


def point(x, y, overplot=True, clearwindow=False,
          symbol=None,
          color=None):

    if overplot: