def login(username, password, scope, client_id, client_secret, verbose):
    """
    Retrieves and stores an OAuth2 personal auth token.
    """
    if not supports_oauth():
        raise exc.TowerCLIError(
            'This version of Tower does not support OAuth2.0. Set credentials using tower-cli config.'
        )

    # Explicitly set a basic auth header for PAT acquisition (so that we don't
    # try to auth w/ an existing user+pass or oauth2 token in a config file)

    req = collections.namedtuple('req', 'headers')({})
    if client_id and client_secret:
        HTTPBasicAuth(client_id, client_secret)(req)
        req.headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
        r = client.post(
            '/o/token/',
            data={
                "grant_type": "password",
                "username": username,
                "password": password,
                "scope": scope
            },
            headers=req.headers
        )
    elif client_id:
        req.headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
        r = client.post(
            '/o/token/',
            data={
                "grant_type": "password",
                "username": username,
                "password": password,
                "client_id": client_id,
                "scope": scope
            },
            headers=req.headers
        )
    else:
        HTTPBasicAuth(username, password)(req)
        r = client.post(
            '/users/{}/personal_tokens/'.format(username),
            data={"description": "Tower CLI", "application": None, "scope": scope},
            headers=req.headers
        )

    if r.ok:
        result = r.json()
        result.pop('summary_fields', None)
        result.pop('related', None)
        if client_id:
            token = result.pop('access_token', None)
        else:
            token = result.pop('token', None)
        if settings.verbose:
            # only print the actual token if -v
            result['token'] = token
        secho(json.dumps(result, indent=1), fg='blue', bold=True)
        config.main(['oauth_token', token, '--scope=user'])

    def role_write(self, fail_on_found=False, disassociate=False, **kwargs):
        """Re-implementation of the parent `write` method specific to roles.
        Adds a grantee (user or team) to the resource's role."""

        # Get the role, using only the resource data
        data, self.endpoint = self.data_endpoint(kwargs, ignore=['obj'])
        debug.log('Checking if role exists.', header='details')
        response = self.read(pk=None, fail_on_no_results=True,
                             fail_on_multiple_results=True, **data)
        role_data = response['results'][0]
        role_id = role_data['id']

        # Role exists, change display settings to output something
        self.configure_display(role_data, kwargs, write=True)

        # Check if user/team has this role
        # Implictly, force_on_exists is false for roles
        obj, obj_type, res, res_type = self.obj_res(kwargs)
        debug.log('Checking if %s already has role.' % obj_type,
                  header='details')
        data, self.endpoint = self.data_endpoint(kwargs)
        data['content_type__model'] = res_type.replace('_', '')
        response = self.read(pk=None, fail_on_no_results=False,
                             fail_on_multiple_results=False, **data)

        msg = ''
        if response['count'] > 0 and not disassociate:
            msg = 'This %s is already a member of the role.' % obj_type
        elif response['count'] == 0 and disassociate:
            msg = 'This %s is already a non-member of the role.' % obj_type

        if msg:
            role_data['changed'] = False
            if fail_on_found:
                raise exc.NotFound(msg)
            else:
                debug.log(msg, header='DECISION')
                return role_data

        # Add or remove the user/team to the role
        debug.log('Attempting to %s the %s in this role.' % (
            'remove' if disassociate else 'add', obj_type), header='details')
        post_data = {'id': role_id}
        if disassociate:
            post_data['disassociate'] = True
        client.post('%s/%s/roles/' % (grammar.pluralize(obj_type), obj),
                    data=post_data)
        role_data['changed'] = True
        return role_data

    def callback(self, pk=None, host_config_key='', extra_vars=None):
        """Contact Tower and request a configuration update using this job template.

        =====API DOCS=====
        Contact Tower and request a provisioning callback using this job template.

        :param pk: Primary key of the job template to run provisioning callback against.
        :type pk: int
        :param host_config_key: Key string used to authenticate the callback host.
        :type host_config_key: str
        :param extra_vars: Extra variables that are passed to provisioning callback.
        :type extra_vars: array of str
        :returns: A dictionary of a single key "changed", which indicates whether the provisioning callback
                  is successful.
        :rtype: dict

        =====API DOCS=====
        """
        url = self.endpoint + '%s/callback/' % pk
        if not host_config_key:
            host_config_key = client.get(url).json()['host_config_key']
        post_data = {'host_config_key': host_config_key}
        if extra_vars:
            post_data['extra_vars'] = parser.process_extra_vars(list(extra_vars), force_json=True)
        r = client.post(url, data=post_data, auth=None)
        if r.status_code == 201:
            return {'changed': True}

    def update(self, inventory_source, monitor=False, timeout=None, **kwargs):
        """Update the given inventory source."""

        # Establish that we are able to update this inventory source
        # at all.
        debug.log('Asking whether the inventory source can be updated.',
                  header='details')
        r = client.get('%s%d/update/' % (self.endpoint, inventory_source))
        if not r.json()['can_update']:
            raise exc.BadRequest('Tower says it cannot run an update against '
                                 'this inventory source.')

        # Run the update.
        debug.log('Updating the inventory source.', header='details')
        r = client.post('%s%d/update/' % (self.endpoint, inventory_source))

        # If we were told to monitor the project update's status, do so.
        if monitor:
            result = self.monitor(inventory_source, timeout=timeout)
            inventory = client.get('/inventory_sources/%d/' %
                                   result['inventory_source'])\
                              .json()['inventory']
            result['inventory'] = int(inventory)
            return result

        # Done.
        return {'status': 'ok'}

    def cancel(self, pk, fail_if_not_running=False):
        """Cancel a currently running job.

        Fails with a non-zero exit status if the job cannot be canceled.
        """
        # Attempt to cancel the job.
        try:
            client.post('/jobs/%d/cancel/' % pk)
            changed = True
        except exc.MethodNotAllowed:
            changed = False
            if fail_if_not_running:
                raise exc.TowerCLIError('Job not running.')

        # Return a success.
        return adict({'status': 'canceled', 'changed': changed})

    def update(self, pk=None, create_on_missing=False, monitor=False,
               timeout=None, name=None, organization=None):
        """Trigger a project update job within Ansible Tower.
        Only meaningful on non-manual projects.
        """
        # First, get the appropriate project.
        # This should be uniquely identified at this point, and if not, then
        # we just want the error that `get` will throw to bubble up.
        project = self.get(pk, name=name, organization=organization)
        pk = project['id']

        # Determine whether this project is able to be updated.
        debug.log('Asking whether the project can be updated.',
                  header='details')
        result = client.get('/projects/%d/update/' % pk)
        if not result.json()['can_update']:
            raise exc.CannotStartJob('Cannot update project.')

        # Okay, this project can be updated, according to Tower.
        # Commence the update.
        debug.log('Updating the project.', header='details')
        result = client.post('/projects/%d/update/' % pk)

        # If we were told to monitor the project update's status, do so.
        if monitor:
            return self.monitor(pk, timeout=timeout)

        # Return the project update ID.
        return {
            'changed': True,
        }

    def launch(self, monitor=False, wait=False, timeout=None, **kwargs):
        """Launch a new ad-hoc command.

        Runs a user-defined command from Ansible Tower, immediately starts it,
        and returns back an ID in order for its status to be monitored.

        =====API DOCS=====
        Launch a new ad-hoc command.

        :param monitor: Flag that if set, immediately calls ``monitor`` on the newly launched command rather
                        than exiting with a success.
        :type monitor: bool
        :param wait: Flag that if set, monitor the status of the job, but do not print while job is in progress.
        :type wait: bool
        :param timeout: If provided with ``monitor`` flag set, this attempt will time out after the given number
                        of seconds.
        :type timeout: int
        :param `**kwargs`: Fields needed to create and launch an ad hoc command.
        :returns: Result of subsequent ``monitor`` call if ``monitor`` flag is on; Result of subsequent ``wait``
                  call if ``wait`` flag is on; dictionary of "id" and "changed" if none of the two flags are on.
        :rtype: dict
        :raises tower_cli.exceptions.TowerCLIError: When ad hoc commands are not available in Tower backend.

        =====API DOCS=====
        """
        # This feature only exists for versions 2.2 and up
        r = client.get('/')
        if 'ad_hoc_commands' not in r.json():
            raise exc.TowerCLIError('Your host is running an outdated version'
                                    'of Ansible Tower that can not run '
                                    'ad-hoc commands (2.2 or earlier)')

        # Pop the None arguments because we have no .write() method in
        # inheritance chain for this type of resource. This is needed
        self._pop_none(kwargs)

        # Actually start the command.
        debug.log('Launching the ad-hoc command.', header='details')
        result = client.post(self.endpoint, data=kwargs)
        command = result.json()
        command_id = command['id']

        # If we were told to monitor the command once it started, then call
        # monitor from here.
        if monitor:
            return self.monitor(command_id, timeout=timeout)
        elif wait:
            return self.wait(command_id, timeout=timeout)

        # Return the command ID and other response data
        answer = OrderedDict((
            ('changed', True),
            ('id', command_id),
        ))
        answer.update(result.json())
        return answer

    def update(self, inventory_source, monitor=False, wait=False,
               timeout=None, **kwargs):
        """Update the given inventory source.

        =====API DOCS=====
        Update the given inventory source.

        :param inventory_source: Primary key or name of the inventory source to be updated.
        :type inventory_source: str
        :param monitor: Flag that if set, immediately calls ``monitor`` on the newly launched inventory update
                        rather than exiting with a success.
        :type monitor: bool
        :param wait: Flag that if set, monitor the status of the inventory update, but do not print while it is
                     in progress.
        :type wait: bool
        :param timeout: If provided with ``monitor`` flag set, this attempt will time out after the given number
                        of seconds.
        :type timeout: int
        :param `**kwargs`: Fields used to override underlyingl inventory source fields when creating and launching
                           an inventory update.
        :returns: Result of subsequent ``monitor`` call if ``monitor`` flag is on; Result of subsequent ``wait``
                  call if ``wait`` flag is on; dictionary of "status" if none of the two flags are on.
        :rtype: dict
        :raises tower_cli.exceptions.BadRequest: When the inventory source cannot be updated.

        =====API DOCS=====
        """

        # Establish that we are able to update this inventory source
        # at all.
        debug.log('Asking whether the inventory source can be updated.', header='details')
        r = client.get('%s%d/update/' % (self.endpoint, inventory_source))
        if not r.json()['can_update']:
            raise exc.BadRequest('Tower says it cannot run an update against this inventory source.')

        # Run the update.
        debug.log('Updating the inventory source.', header='details')
        r = client.post('%s%d/update/' % (self.endpoint, inventory_source), data={})
        inventory_update_id = r.json()['inventory_update']

        # If we were told to monitor the project update's status, do so.
        if monitor or wait:
            if monitor:
                result = self.monitor(inventory_update_id, parent_pk=inventory_source, timeout=timeout)
            elif wait:
                result = self.wait(inventory_update_id, parent_pk=inventory_source, timeout=timeout)
            inventory = client.get('/inventory_sources/%d/' % result['inventory_source']).json()['inventory']
            result['inventory'] = int(inventory)
            return result

        # Done.
        return {
            'id': inventory_update_id,
            'status': 'ok'
        }

    def sync(self, inventory_source, **kwargs):
        """Update the given inventory source."""

        # Establish that we are able to update this inventory source
        # at all.
        r = client.get('%s%d/update/' % (self.endpoint, inventory_source))
        if not r.json()['can_update']:
            raise exc.BadRequest('Tower says it cannot run an update against '
                                 'this inventory source.')

        # Run the update.
        r = client.post('%s%d/update/' % (self.endpoint, inventory_source))
        return {'status': 'ok'}

    def cancel(self, pk=None, fail_if_not_running=False, **kwargs):
        """Cancel a currently running job.

        Fails with a non-zero exit status if the job cannot be canceled.
        You must provide either a pk or parameters in the job's identity.
        """
        # Search for the record if pk not given
        if not pk:
            existing_data = self.get(**kwargs)
            pk = existing_data['id']

        cancel_endpoint = '%s%d/cancel/' % (self.endpoint, pk)
        # Attempt to cancel the job.
        try:
            client.post(cancel_endpoint)
            changed = True
        except exc.MethodNotAllowed:
            changed = False
            if fail_if_not_running:
                raise exc.TowerCLIError('Job not running.')

        # Return a success.
        return adict({'status': 'canceled', 'changed': changed})

    def test_request_post(self):
        """Establish that on a POST request, we encode the provided data
        to JSON automatically.
        """
        with client.test_mode as t:
            t.register_json('/ping/', {'status': 'ok'}, method='POST')
            r = client.post('/ping/', {'payload': 'this is my payload.'})

            # Establish that our request has the expected payload, and
            # is sent using an application/json content type.
            headers = r.request.headers
            self.assertEqual(headers['Content-Type'], 'application/json')
            self.assertEqual(r.request.body,
                             '{"payload": "this is my payload."}')

    def _disassoc(self, url_fragment, me, other):
        """Disassociate the `other` record from the `me` record."""

        # Get the endpoint for foreign records within this object.
        url = self.endpoint + '%d/%s/' % (me, url_fragment)

        # Attempt to determine whether the other record already is absent, for
        # the "changed" moniker.
        r = client.get(url, params={'id': other}).json()
        if r['count'] == 0:
            return {'changed': False}

        # Send a request removing the foreign record from this one.
        r = client.post(url, data={'disassociate': True, 'id': other})
        return {'changed': True}

    def _assoc(self, url_fragment, me, other):
        """Associate the `other` record with the `me` record."""

        # Get the endpoint for foreign records within this object.
        url = self.endpoint + '%d/%s/' % (me, url_fragment)

        # Attempt to determine whether the other record already exists here,
        # for the "changed" moniker.
        r = client.get(url, params={'id': other}).json()
        if r['count'] > 0:
            return {'changed': False}

        # Send a request adding the other record to this one.
        r = client.post(url, data={'associate': True, 'id': other})
        return {'changed': True}

 def _get_or_create_child(self, parent, relationship, **kwargs):
     ujt_pk = kwargs.get('unified_job_template', None)
     if ujt_pk is None:
         raise exceptions.BadRequest(
             'A child node must be specified by one of the options '
             'unified-job-template, job-template, project, or '
             'inventory-source')
     kwargs.update(self._parent_filter(parent, relationship, **kwargs))
     response = self.read(
         fail_on_no_results=False, fail_on_multiple_results=False, **kwargs)
     if len(response['results']) == 0:
         debug.log('Creating new workflow node.', header='details')
         return client.post(self.endpoint, data=kwargs).json()
     else:
         return response['results'][0]

    def launch(self, workflow_job_template=None, monitor=False, wait=False,
               timeout=None, extra_vars=None, **kwargs):
        """Launch a new workflow job based on a workflow job template.

        Creates a new workflow job in Ansible Tower, starts it, and
        returns back an ID in order for its status to be monitored.

        =====API DOCS=====
        Launch a new workflow job based on a workflow job template.

        :param workflow_job_template: Primary key or name of the workflow job template to launch new job.
        :type workflow_job_template: str
        :param monitor: Flag that if set, immediately calls ``monitor`` on the newly launched workflow job rather
                        than exiting with a success.
        :type monitor: bool
        :param wait: Flag that if set, monitor the status of the workflow job, but do not print while job is
                     in progress.
        :type wait: bool
        :param timeout: If provided with ``monitor`` flag set, this attempt will time out after the given number
                        of seconds.
        :type timeout: int
        :param extra_vars: yaml formatted texts that contains extra variables to pass on.
        :type extra_vars: array of strings
        :param `**kwargs`: Fields needed to create and launch a workflow job.
        :returns: Result of subsequent ``monitor`` call if ``monitor`` flag is on; Result of subsequent ``wait``
                  call if ``wait`` flag is on; loaded JSON output of the job launch if none of the two flags are on.
        :rtype: dict

        =====API DOCS=====
        """
        if extra_vars is not None and len(extra_vars) > 0:
            kwargs['extra_vars'] = parser.process_extra_vars(extra_vars)

        debug.log('Launching the workflow job.', header='details')
        self._pop_none(kwargs)
        post_response = client.post('workflow_job_templates/{0}/launch/'.format(
            workflow_job_template), data=kwargs).json()

        workflow_job_id = post_response['id']
        post_response['changed'] = True

        if monitor:
            return self.monitor(workflow_job_id, timeout=timeout)
        elif wait:
            return self.wait(workflow_job_id, timeout=timeout)

        return post_response

    def modify(self, setting, value):
        """Modify an already existing object.

        Positional argument SETTING is the setting name and VALUE is its value,
        which can be provided directly or obtained from a file name if prefixed with '@'.

        =====API DOCS=====
        Modify an already existing Tower setting.

        :param setting: The name of the Tower setting to be modified.
        :type setting: str
        :param value: The new value of the Tower setting.
        :type value: str
        :returns: A dictionary combining the JSON output of the modified resource, as well as two extra fields:
                  "changed", a flag indicating if the resource is successfully updated; "id", an integer which
                  is the primary key of the updated object.
        :rtype: dict

        =====API DOCS=====
        """
        prev_value = new_value = self.get(setting)['value']
        answer = OrderedDict()
        encrypted = '$encrypted$' in six.text_type(prev_value)

        if encrypted or six.text_type(prev_value) != six.text_type(value):
            if setting == 'LICENSE':
                r = client.post('/config/',
                                data=self.coerce_type(setting, value))
                new_value = r.json()
            else:
                r = client.patch(
                    self.endpoint,
                    data={setting: self.coerce_type(setting, value)}
                )
                new_value = r.json()[setting]
            answer.update(r.json())

        changed = encrypted or (prev_value != new_value)

        answer.update({
            'changed': changed,
            'id': setting,
            'value': new_value,
        })
        return answer

    def batch_update(self, pk=None, **kwargs):
        """Update all related inventory sources of the given inventory.

        Note global option --format is not available here, as the output would always be JSON-formatted.

        =====API DOCS=====
        Update all related inventory sources of the given inventory.

        :param pk: Primary key of the given inventory.
        :type pk: int
        :param `**kwargs`: Keyword arguments list of available fields used for searching resource objects.
        :returns: A JSON object of update status of the given inventory.
        :rtype: dict
        =====API DOCS=====
        """
        res = self.get(pk=pk, **kwargs)
        url = self.endpoint + '%d/%s/' % (res['id'], 'update_inventory_sources')
        return client.post(url, data={}).json()

    def launch(self, monitor=False, timeout=None, become=False, **kwargs):
        """Launch a new ad-hoc command.

        Runs a user-defined command from Ansible Tower, immediately starts it,
        and returns back an ID in order for its status to be monitored.
        """
        # This feature only exists for versions 2.2 and up
        r = client.get('/')
        if 'ad_hoc_commands' not in r.json():
            raise exc.TowerCLIError('Your host is running an outdated version'
                                    'of Ansible Tower that can not run '
                                    'ad-hoc commands (2.2 or earlier)')

        # Pop the None arguments because we have no .write() method in
        # inheritance chain for this type of resource. This is needed
        self._pop_none(kwargs)

        # Change the flag to the dictionary format
        if become:
            kwargs['become_enabled'] = True

        # Actually start the command.
        debug.log('Launching the ad-hoc command.', header='details')
        result = client.post(self.endpoint, data=kwargs)
        command = result.json()
        command_id = command['id']

        # If we were told to monitor the command once it started, then call
        # monitor from here.
        if monitor:
            return self.monitor(command_id, timeout=timeout)

        # Return the command ID and other response data
        answer = OrderedDict((
            ('changed', True),
            ('id', command_id),
        ))
        answer.update(result.json())
        return answer

    def launch(self, job_template, monitor=False, timeout=None,
                     no_input=True, extra_vars=None):
        """Launch a new job based on a job template.

        Creates a new job in Ansible Tower, immediately stats it, and
        returns back an ID in order for its status to be monitored.
        """
        # Get the job template from Ansible Tower.
        # This is used as the baseline for starting the job.
        jt_resource = get_resource('job_template')
        jt = jt_resource.get(job_template)

        # Update the job data by adding an automatically-generated job name,
        # and removing the ID.
        data = copy(jt)
        data.pop('id')
        data['name'] = '%s [invoked via. Tower CLI]' % data['name']

        # If the job template requires prompting for extra variables,
        # do so (unless --no-input is set).
        if extra_vars:
            data['extra_vars'] = extra_vars.read()
        elif data.pop('ask_variables_on_launch', False) and not no_input:
            initial = data['extra_vars']
            initial = '\n'.join((
                '# Specify extra variables (if any) here.',
                '# Lines beginning with "#" are ignored.',
                initial,
            ))
            extra_vars = click.edit(initial) or ''
            extra_vars = '\n'.join([i for i in extra_vars.split('\n')
                                            if not i.startswith('#')])
            data['extra_vars'] = extra_vars

        # Create the new job in Ansible Tower.
        debug.log('Creating the job.', header='details')
        job = client.post('/jobs/', data=data).json()

        # There's a non-trivial chance that we are going to need some
        # additional information to start the job; in particular, many jobs
        # rely on passwords entered at run-time.
        #
        # If there are any such passwords on this job, ask for them now.
        debug.log('Asking for information necessary to start the job.',
                  header='details')
        job_start_info = client.get('/jobs/%d/start/' % job['id']).json()
        start_data = {}
        for password in job_start_info.get('passwords_needed_to_start', []):
            start_data[password] = getpass('Password for %s: ' % password)

        # Actually start the job.
        debug.log('Launching the job.', header='details')
        result = client.post('/jobs/%d/start/' % job['id'], start_data)

        # If we were told to monitor the job once it started, then call
        # monitor from here.
        if monitor:
            return self.monitor(job['id'], timeout=timeout)

        # Return the job ID.
        return {
            'changed': True,
            'id': job['id'],
        }

    def launch(self, job_template=None, tags=None, monitor=False, timeout=None,
               no_input=True, extra_vars=None, **kwargs):
        """Launch a new job based on a job template.

        Creates a new job in Ansible Tower, immediately starts it, and
        returns back an ID in order for its status to be monitored.
        """
        # Get the job template from Ansible Tower.
        # This is used as the baseline for starting the job.
        jt_resource = get_resource('job_template')
        jt = jt_resource.get(job_template)

        # Update the job data by adding an automatically-generated job name,
        # and removing the ID.
        data = copy(jt)
        data['job_template'] = data.pop('id')
        data['name'] = '%s [invoked via. Tower CLI]' % data['name']
        if tags:
            data['job_tags'] = tags

        # Initialize an extra_vars list that starts with the job template
        # preferences first, if they exist
        extra_vars_list = []
        if 'extra_vars' in data and len(data['extra_vars']) > 0:
            # But only do this for versions before 2.3
            r = client.get('/config/')
            if LooseVersion(r.json()['version']) < LooseVersion('2.4'):
                extra_vars_list = [data['extra_vars']]

        # Add the runtime extra_vars to this list
        if extra_vars:
            extra_vars_list += extra_vars

        # Call parser utility to process extra_vars, if any are present
        if len(extra_vars_list) > 0:
            data['extra_vars'] = parser. \
                extra_vars_loader_wrapper(extra_vars_list)

        # If the job template requires prompting for extra variables,
        # do so (unless --no-input is set).
        if data.pop('ask_variables_on_launch', False) and not no_input \
                and not extra_vars:
            initial = data['extra_vars']
            initial = '\n'.join((
                '# Specify extra variables (if any) here.',
                '# Lines beginning with "#" are ignored.',
                initial,
            ))
            extra_vars = click.edit(initial) or ''
            extra_vars = '\n'.join([i for i in extra_vars.split('\n')
                                    if not i.startswith('#')])
            data['extra_vars'] = extra_vars

        # In Tower 2.1 and later, we create the new job with
        # /job_templates/N/launch/; in Tower 2.0 and before, there is a two
        # step process of posting to /jobs/ and then /jobs/N/start/.
        supports_job_template_launch = False
        if 'launch' in jt['related']:
            supports_job_template_launch = True

        # Create the new job in Ansible Tower.
        start_data = {}
        if supports_job_template_launch:
            endpoint = '/job_templates/%d/launch/' % jt['id']
            if 'extra_vars' in data and len(data['extra_vars']) > 0:
                start_data['extra_vars'] = data['extra_vars']
            if tags:
                start_data['job_tags'] = data['job_tags']
        else:
            debug.log('Creating the job.', header='details')
            job = client.post('/jobs/', data=data).json()
            job_id = job['id']
            endpoint = '/jobs/%d/start/' % job_id

        # There's a non-trivial chance that we are going to need some
        # additional information to start the job; in particular, many jobs
        # rely on passwords entered at run-time.
        #
        # If there are any such passwords on this job, ask for them now.
        debug.log('Asking for information necessary to start the job.',
                  header='details')
        job_start_info = client.get(endpoint).json()
        for password in job_start_info.get('passwords_needed_to_start', []):
            start_data[password] = getpass('Password for %s: ' % password)

        # Actually start the job.
        debug.log('Launching the job.', header='details')
        self._pop_none(kwargs)
        kwargs.update(start_data)
        job_started = client.post(endpoint, data=kwargs)

        # If this used the /job_template/N/launch/ route, get the job
        # ID from the result.
        if supports_job_template_launch:
            job_id = job_started.json()['job']

        # Get some information about the running job to print
        result = self.status(pk=job_id, detail=True)
        result['changed'] = True

#.........这里部分代码省略.........