def finalize(self):
        """
        Finalize the disk image.

        For example, prepare the image to be bootable by e.g.
        creating and installing a bootloader configuration.
        """
        source_plugin = self.ks.bootloader.source
        disk_name = self.parts[0].disk
        if source_plugin:
            plugin = PluginMgr.get_plugins('source')[source_plugin]
            plugin.do_install_disk(self._image, disk_name, self, self.workdir,
                                   self.oe_builddir, self.bootimg_dir,
                                   self.kernel_dir, self.native_sysroot)

        full_path = self._image.path
        # Generate .bmap
        if self.bmap:
            logger.debug("Generating bmap file for %s", disk_name)
            python = os.path.join(self.native_sysroot, 'usr/bin/python3-native/python3')
            bmaptool = os.path.join(self.native_sysroot, 'usr/bin/bmaptool')
            exec_native_cmd("%s %s create %s -o %s.bmap" % \
                            (python, bmaptool, full_path, full_path), self.native_sysroot)
        # Compress the image
        if self.compressor:
            logger.debug("Compressing disk %s with %s", disk_name, self.compressor)
            exec_cmd("%s %s" % (self.compressor, full_path))

 def copy(self, src, pnum, path):
     """Copy partition image into wic image."""
     cmd = "{} -i {} -snop {} ::{}".format(self.mcopy,
                                           self._get_part_image(pnum),
                                           src, path)
     exec_cmd(cmd)
     self._put_part_image(pnum)

    def do_prepare_partition(cls, part, source_params, cr, cr_workdir,
                             oe_builddir, bootimg_dir, kernel_dir,
                             rootfs_dir, native_sysroot):
        """
        Called to do the actual content population for a partition i.e. it
        'prepares' the partition to be incorporated into the image.
        In this case, does the following:
        - sets up a vfat partition
        - copies all files listed in IMAGE_BOOT_FILES variable
        """
        hdddir = "%s/boot.%d" % (cr_workdir, part.lineno)

        if not kernel_dir:
            kernel_dir = get_bitbake_var("DEPLOY_DIR_IMAGE")
            if not kernel_dir:
                raise WicError("Couldn't find DEPLOY_DIR_IMAGE, exiting")

        logger.debug('Kernel dir: %s', bootimg_dir)


        for task in cls.install_task:
            src_path, dst_path = task
            logger.debug('Install %s as %s', src_path, dst_path)
            install_cmd = "install -m 0644 -D %s %s" \
                          % (os.path.join(kernel_dir, src_path),
                             os.path.join(hdddir, dst_path))
            exec_cmd(install_cmd)

        logger.debug('Prepare boot partition using rootfs in %s', hdddir)
        part.prepare_rootfs(cr_workdir, oe_builddir, hdddir,
                            native_sysroot, False)

    def prepare_rootfs_msdos(self, rootfs, oe_builddir, rootfs_dir,
                             native_sysroot, pseudo):
        """
        Prepare content for a msdos/vfat rootfs partition.
        """
        du_cmd = "du -bks %s" % rootfs_dir
        out = exec_cmd(du_cmd)
        blocks = int(out.split()[0])

        rootfs_size = self.get_rootfs_size(blocks)

        label_str = "-n boot"
        if self.label:
            label_str = "-n %s" % self.label

        size_str = ""
        if self.fstype == 'msdos':
            size_str = "-F 16" # FAT 16

        extraopts = self.mkfs_extraopts or '-S 512'

        dosfs_cmd = "mkdosfs %s %s %s -C %s %d" % \
                    (label_str, size_str, extraopts, rootfs, rootfs_size)
        exec_native_cmd(dosfs_cmd, native_sysroot)

        mcopy_cmd = "mcopy -i %s -s %s/* ::/" % (rootfs, rootfs_dir)
        exec_native_cmd(mcopy_cmd, native_sysroot)

        chmod_cmd = "chmod 644 %s" % rootfs
        exec_cmd(chmod_cmd)

    def do_install_disk(cls, disk, disk_name, creator, workdir, oe_builddir,
                        bootimg_dir, kernel_dir, native_sysroot):
        """
        Called after all partitions have been prepared and assembled into a
        disk image.  In this case, we install the MBR.
        """
        bootimg_dir = cls._get_bootimg_dir(bootimg_dir, 'syslinux')
        mbrfile = "%s/syslinux/" % bootimg_dir
        if creator.ptable_format == 'msdos':
            mbrfile += "mbr.bin"
        elif creator.ptable_format == 'gpt':
            mbrfile += "gptmbr.bin"
        else:
            raise WicError("Unsupported partition table: %s" %
                           creator.ptable_format)

        if not os.path.exists(mbrfile):
            raise WicError("Couldn't find %s.  If using the -e option, do you "
                           "have the right MACHINE set in local.conf?  If not, "
                           "is the bootimg_dir path correct?" % mbrfile)

        full_path = creator._full_path(workdir, disk_name, "direct")
        logger.debug("Installing MBR on disk %s as %s with size %s bytes",
                     disk_name, full_path, disk.min_size)

        dd_cmd = "dd if=%s of=%s conv=notrunc" % (mbrfile, full_path)
        exec_cmd(dd_cmd, native_sysroot)

    def prepare_empty_partition_msdos(self, rootfs, oe_builddir,
                                      native_sysroot):
        """
        Prepare an empty vfat partition.
        """
        blocks = self.disk_size

        label_str = "-n boot"
        if self.label:
            label_str = "-n %s" % self.label

        size_str = ""
        if self.fstype == 'msdos':
            size_str = "-F 16" # FAT 16

        extraopts = self.mkfs_extraopts or '-S 512'

        dosfs_cmd = "mkdosfs %s -i %s %s %s -C %s %d" % \
                    (label_str, self.fsuuid, extraopts, size_str, rootfs,
                     blocks)

        exec_native_cmd(dosfs_cmd, native_sysroot)

        chmod_cmd = "chmod 644 %s" % rootfs
        exec_cmd(chmod_cmd)

 def dir(self, pnum, path):
     if self.partitions[pnum].fstype.startswith('ext'):
         return exec_cmd("{} {} -R 'ls -l {}'".format(self.debugfs,
                                                      self._get_part_image(pnum),
                                                      path), as_shell=True)
     else: # fat
         return exec_cmd("{} -i {} ::{}".format(self.mdir,
                                                self._get_part_image(pnum),
                                                path))

    def do_configure_partition(cls, part, source_params, creator, cr_workdir,
                               oe_builddir, bootimg_dir, kernel_dir,
                               native_sysroot):
        """
        Called before do_prepare_partition(), creates syslinux config
        """
        hdddir = "%s/hdd/boot" % cr_workdir

        install_cmd = "install -d %s" % hdddir
        exec_cmd(install_cmd)

        bootloader = creator.ks.bootloader

        custom_cfg = None
        if bootloader.configfile:
            custom_cfg = get_custom_config(bootloader.configfile)
            if custom_cfg:
                # Use a custom configuration for grub
                syslinux_conf = custom_cfg
                logger.debug("Using custom configuration file %s "
                             "for syslinux.cfg", bootloader.configfile)
            else:
                raise WicError("configfile is specified but failed to "
                               "get it from %s." % bootloader.configfile)

        if not custom_cfg:
            # Create syslinux configuration using parameters from wks file
            splash = os.path.join(cr_workdir, "/hdd/boot/splash.jpg")
            if os.path.exists(splash):
                splashline = "menu background splash.jpg"
            else:
                splashline = ""

            syslinux_conf = ""
            syslinux_conf += "PROMPT 0\n"
            syslinux_conf += "TIMEOUT " + str(bootloader.timeout) + "\n"
            syslinux_conf += "\n"
            syslinux_conf += "ALLOWOPTIONS 1\n"
            syslinux_conf += "SERIAL 0 115200\n"
            syslinux_conf += "\n"
            if splashline:
                syslinux_conf += "%s\n" % splashline
            syslinux_conf += "DEFAULT boot\n"
            syslinux_conf += "LABEL boot\n"

            kernel = "/vmlinuz"
            syslinux_conf += "KERNEL " + kernel + "\n"

            syslinux_conf += "APPEND label=boot root=%s %s\n" % \
                             (creator.rootdev, bootloader.append)

        logger.debug("Writing syslinux config %s/hdd/boot/syslinux.cfg",
                     cr_workdir)
        cfg = open("%s/hdd/boot/syslinux.cfg" % cr_workdir, "w")
        cfg.write(syslinux_conf)
        cfg.close()

    def do_configure_grubefi(cls, hdddir, creator, cr_workdir, source_params):
        """
        Create loader-specific (grub-efi) config
        """
        configfile = creator.ks.bootloader.configfile
        custom_cfg = None
        if configfile:
            custom_cfg = get_custom_config(configfile)
            if custom_cfg:
                # Use a custom configuration for grub
                grubefi_conf = custom_cfg
                logger.debug("Using custom configuration file "
                             "%s for grub.cfg", configfile)
            else:
                raise WicError("configfile is specified but failed to "
                               "get it from %s." % configfile)

        initrd = source_params.get('initrd')

        if initrd:
            bootimg_dir = get_bitbake_var("DEPLOY_DIR_IMAGE")
            if not bootimg_dir:
                raise WicError("Couldn't find DEPLOY_DIR_IMAGE, exiting")

            cp_cmd = "cp %s/%s %s" % (bootimg_dir, initrd, hdddir)
            exec_cmd(cp_cmd, True)
        else:
            logger.debug("Ignoring missing initrd")

        if not custom_cfg:
            # Create grub configuration using parameters from wks file
            bootloader = creator.ks.bootloader

            grubefi_conf = ""
            grubefi_conf += "serial --unit=0 --speed=115200 --word=8 --parity=no --stop=1\n"
            grubefi_conf += "default=boot\n"
            grubefi_conf += "timeout=%s\n" % bootloader.timeout
            grubefi_conf += "menuentry 'boot'{\n"

            kernel = "/bzImage"

            grubefi_conf += "linux %s root=%s rootwait %s\n" \
                % (kernel, creator.rootdev, bootloader.append)

            if initrd:
               grubefi_conf += "initrd /%s\n" % initrd

            grubefi_conf += "}\n"

        logger.debug("Writing grubefi config %s/hdd/boot/EFI/BOOT/grub.cfg",
                     cr_workdir)
        cfg = open("%s/hdd/boot/EFI/BOOT/grub.cfg" % cr_workdir, "w")
        cfg.write(grubefi_conf)
        cfg.close()

    def _build_initramfs_path(rootfs_dir, cr_workdir):
        """
        Create path for initramfs image
        """

        initrd = get_bitbake_var("INITRD_LIVE") or get_bitbake_var("INITRD")
        if not initrd:
            initrd_dir = get_bitbake_var("DEPLOY_DIR_IMAGE")
            if not initrd_dir:
                raise WicError("Couldn't find DEPLOY_DIR_IMAGE, exiting.")

            image_name = get_bitbake_var("IMAGE_BASENAME")
            if not image_name:
                raise WicError("Couldn't find IMAGE_BASENAME, exiting.")

            image_type = get_bitbake_var("INITRAMFS_FSTYPES")
            if not image_type:
                raise WicError("Couldn't find INITRAMFS_FSTYPES, exiting.")

            machine = os.path.basename(initrd_dir)

            pattern = '%s/%s*%s.%s' % (initrd_dir, image_name, machine, image_type)
            files = glob.glob(pattern)
            if files:
                initrd = files[0]

        if not initrd or not os.path.exists(initrd):
            # Create initrd from rootfs directory
            initrd = "%s/initrd.cpio.gz" % cr_workdir
            initrd_dir = "%s/INITRD" % cr_workdir
            shutil.copytree("%s" % rootfs_dir, \
                            "%s" % initrd_dir, symlinks=True)

            if os.path.isfile("%s/init" % rootfs_dir):
                shutil.copy2("%s/init" % rootfs_dir, "%s/init" % initrd_dir)
            elif os.path.lexists("%s/init" % rootfs_dir):
                os.symlink(os.readlink("%s/init" % rootfs_dir), \
                            "%s/init" % initrd_dir)
            elif os.path.isfile("%s/sbin/init" % rootfs_dir):
                shutil.copy2("%s/sbin/init" % rootfs_dir, \
                            "%s" % initrd_dir)
            elif os.path.lexists("%s/sbin/init" % rootfs_dir):
                os.symlink(os.readlink("%s/sbin/init" % rootfs_dir), \
                            "%s/init" % initrd_dir)
            else:
                raise WicError("Couldn't find or build initrd, exiting.")

            exec_cmd("cd %s && find . | cpio -o -H newc -R +0:+0 >./initrd.cpio " \
                    % initrd_dir, as_shell=True)
            exec_cmd("gzip -f -9 -c %s/initrd.cpio > %s" \
                    % (cr_workdir, initrd), as_shell=True)
            shutil.rmtree(initrd_dir)

        return initrd

 def copy(self, src, pnum, path):
     """Copy partition image into wic image."""
     if self.partitions[pnum].fstype.startswith('ext'):
         cmd = "echo -e 'cd {}\nwrite {} {}' | {} -w {}".\
                   format(path, src, os.path.basename(src),
                          self.debugfs, self._get_part_image(pnum))
     else: # fat
         cmd = "{} -i {} -snop {} ::{}".format(self.mcopy,
                                               self._get_part_image(pnum),
                                               src, path)
     exec_cmd(cmd, as_shell=True)
     self._put_part_image(pnum)

 def remove(self, pnum, path):
     """Remove files/dirs from the partition."""
     partimg = self._get_part_image(pnum)
     cmd = "{} -i {} ::{}".format(self.mdel, partimg, path)
     try:
         exec_cmd(cmd)
     except WicError as err:
         if "not found" in str(err) or "non empty" in str(err):
             # mdel outputs 'File ... not found' or 'directory .. non empty"
             # try to use mdeltree as path could be a directory
             cmd = "{} -i {} ::{}".format(self.mdeltree,
                                          partimg, path)
             exec_cmd(cmd)
         else:
             raise err
     self._put_part_image(pnum)

    def do_prepare_partition(cls, part, source_params, cr, cr_workdir,
                             oe_builddir, bootimg_dir, kernel_dir,
                             rootfs_dir, native_sysroot):
        """
        Called to do the actual content population for a partition i.e. it
        'prepares' the partition to be incorporated into the image.
        """
        if not kernel_dir:
            kernel_dir = get_bitbake_var("DEPLOY_DIR_IMAGE")
            if not kernel_dir:
                raise WicError("Couldn't find DEPLOY_DIR_IMAGE, exiting")

        logger.debug('Kernel dir: %s', kernel_dir)

        if 'file' not in source_params:
            raise WicError("No file specified")

        src = os.path.join(kernel_dir, source_params['file'])
        dst = os.path.join(cr_workdir, "%s.%s" % (source_params['file'], part.lineno))

        if 'skip' in source_params:
            sparse_copy(src, dst, skip=int(source_params['skip']))
        else:
            sparse_copy(src, dst)

        # get the size in the right units for kickstart (kB)
        du_cmd = "du -Lbks %s" % dst
        out = exec_cmd(du_cmd)
        filesize = int(out.split()[0])

        if filesize > part.size:
            part.size = filesize

        part.source_file = dst

    def prepare_rootfs_ext(self, rootfs, oe_builddir, rootfs_dir,
                           native_sysroot, pseudo):
        """
        Prepare content for an ext2/3/4 rootfs partition.
        """
        du_cmd = "du -ks %s" % rootfs_dir
        out = exec_cmd(du_cmd)
        actual_rootfs_size = int(out.split()[0])

        rootfs_size = self.get_rootfs_size(actual_rootfs_size)

        with open(rootfs, 'w') as sparse:
            os.ftruncate(sparse.fileno(), rootfs_size * 1024)

        extraopts = self.mkfs_extraopts or "-F -i 8192"

        label_str = ""
        if self.label:
            label_str = "-L %s" % self.label

        mkfs_cmd = "mkfs.%s %s %s %s -d %s" % \
            (self.fstype, extraopts, rootfs, label_str, rootfs_dir)
        exec_native_cmd(mkfs_cmd, native_sysroot, pseudo=pseudo)

        mkfs_cmd = "fsck.%s -pvfD %s" % (self.fstype, rootfs)
        exec_native_cmd(mkfs_cmd, native_sysroot, pseudo=pseudo)

    def do_image_label(fstype, dst, label):
        if fstype.startswith('ext'):
            cmd = 'tune2fs -L %s %s' % (label, dst)
        elif fstype in ('msdos', 'vfat'):
            cmd = 'dosfslabel %s %s' % (dst, label)
        elif fstype == 'btrfs':
            cmd = 'btrfs filesystem label %s %s' % (dst, label)
        elif fstype == 'swap':
            cmd = 'mkswap -L %s %s' % (label, dst)
        elif fstype == 'squashfs':
            raise WicError("It's not possible to update a squashfs "
                           "filesystem label '%s'" % (label))
        else:
            raise WicError("Cannot update filesystem label: "
                           "Unknown fstype: '%s'" % (fstype))

        exec_cmd(cmd)

    def do_configure_partition(cls, part, source_params, creator, cr_workdir,
                               oe_builddir, bootimg_dir, kernel_dir,
                               native_sysroot):
        """
        Called before do_prepare_partition(), creates loader-specific config
        """
        isodir = "%s/ISO/" % cr_workdir

        if os.path.exists(isodir):
            shutil.rmtree(isodir)

        install_cmd = "install -d %s " % isodir
        exec_cmd(install_cmd)

        # Overwrite the name of the created image
        logger.debug(source_params)
        if 'image_name' in source_params and \
                    source_params['image_name'].strip():
            creator.name = source_params['image_name'].strip()
            logger.debug("The name of the image is: %s", creator.name)

    def do_configure_partition(cls, part, source_params, creator, cr_workdir,
                               oe_builddir, bootimg_dir, kernel_dir,
                               native_sysroot):
        """
        Called before do_prepare_partition(), creates loader-specific config
        """
        hdddir = "%s/hdd/boot" % cr_workdir

        install_cmd = "install -d %s/EFI/BOOT" % hdddir
        exec_cmd(install_cmd)

        try:
            if source_params['loader'] == 'grub-efi':
                cls.do_configure_grubefi(creator, cr_workdir)
            elif source_params['loader'] == 'systemd-boot':
                cls.do_configure_systemdboot(hdddir, creator, cr_workdir, source_params)
            else:
                raise WicError("unrecognized bootimg-efi loader: %s" % source_params['loader'])
        except KeyError:
            raise WicError("bootimg-efi requires a loader, none specified")

    def partitions(self):
        if self._partitions is None:
            self._partitions = OrderedDict()
            out = exec_cmd("%s -sm %s unit B print" % (self.parted, self.imagepath))
            parttype = namedtuple("Part", "pnum start end size fstype")
            for line in out.splitlines()[2:]:
                pnum, start, end, size, fstype = line.split(':')[:5]
                partition = parttype(pnum, int(start[:-1]), int(end[:-1]),
                                     int(size[:-1]), fstype)
                self._partitions[pnum] = partition

        return self._partitions

 def remove(self, pnum, path):
     """Remove files/dirs from the partition."""
     partimg = self._get_part_image(pnum)
     if self.partitions[pnum].fstype.startswith('ext'):
         cmd = "{} {} -wR 'rm {}'".format(self.debugfs,
                                             self._get_part_image(pnum),
                                             path)
         out = exec_cmd(cmd , as_shell=True)
         for line in out.splitlines():
             if line.startswith("rm:"):
                 if "file is a directory" in line:
                     # Try rmdir to see if this is an empty directory. This won't delete
                     # any non empty directory so let user know about any error that this might
                     # generate.
                     print(exec_cmd("{} {} -wR 'rmdir {}'".format(self.debugfs,
                                                 self._get_part_image(pnum),
                                                 path), as_shell=True))
                 else:
                     raise WicError("Could not complete operation: wic %s" % str(line))
     else: # fat
         cmd = "{} -i {} ::{}".format(self.mdel, partimg, path)
         try:
             exec_cmd(cmd)
         except WicError as err:
             if "not found" in str(err) or "non empty" in str(err):
                 # mdel outputs 'File ... not found' or 'directory .. non empty"
                 # try to use mdeltree as path could be a directory
                 cmd = "{} -i {} ::{}".format(self.mdeltree,
                                              partimg, path)
                 exec_cmd(cmd)
             else:
                 raise err
     self._put_part_image(pnum)

    def get_partitions(self):
        if self._partitions is None:
            self._partitions = OrderedDict()
            out = exec_cmd("%s -sm %s unit B print" % (self.parted, self.imagepath))
            parttype = namedtuple("Part", "pnum start end size fstype")
            splitted = out.splitlines()
            lsector_size, psector_size, self._ptable_format = splitted[1].split(":")[3:6]
            self._lsector_size = int(lsector_size)
            self._psector_size = int(psector_size)
            for line in splitted[2:]:
                pnum, start, end, size, fstype = line.split(':')[:5]
                partition = parttype(int(pnum), int(start[:-1]), int(end[:-1]),
                                     int(size[:-1]), fstype)
                self._partitions[pnum] = partition

        return self._partitions