def test_cfg80211_tx_frame(dev, apdev, params):
    """cfg80211 offchannel TX frame command"""

    dev[0].p2p_start_go(freq='2412')
    go = WpaSupplicant(dev[0].group_ifname)
    frame = binascii.unhexlify("d0000000020000000100" + go.own_addr().replace(':', '') + "02000000010000000409506f9a090001dd5e506f9a0902020025080401001f0502006414060500585804510b0906000200000000000b1000585804510b0102030405060708090a0b0d1d000200000000000108000000000000000000101100084465766963652041110500585804510bdd190050f204104a0001101012000200011049000600372a000120")
    ifindex = int(go.get_driver_status_field("ifindex"))
    res = nl80211_frame(go, ifindex, frame, freq=2422, duration=500,
                        offchannel_tx_ok=True)
    time.sleep(0.1)

    # note: Uncommenting this seems to remove the incorrect channel issue
    #nl80211_frame_wait_cancel(dev[0], ifindex, res[nl80211_attr['COOKIE']])

    # note: this Action frame ends up getting sent incorrectly on 2422 MHz
    nl80211_frame(go, ifindex, frame, freq=2412)
    time.sleep(1.5)
    # note: also the Deauthenticate frame sent by the GO going down ends up
    # being transmitted incorrectly on 2422 MHz.

    del go

    out = run_tshark(os.path.join(params['logdir'], "hwsim0.pcapng"),
                     "wlan.fc.type_subtype == 13", ["radiotap.channel.freq"])
    if out is not None:
        freq = out.splitlines()
        if len(freq) != 2:
            raise Exception("Unexpected number of Action frames (%d)" % len(freq))
        if freq[0] != "2422":
            raise Exception("First Action frame on unexpected channel: %s MHz" % freq[0])
        if freq[1] != "2412":
            raise Exception("Second Action frame on unexpected channel: %s MHz" % freq[1])

def test_ap_roam_with_reassoc_auth_timeout(dev, apdev, params):
    """Roam using reassoc between two APs and authentication times out"""
    wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface='/tmp/wpas-wlan5')
    wpas.interface_add("wlan5",
                       drv_params="force_connect_cmd=1,force_bss_selection=1")

    params = hostapd.wpa2_params(ssid="test-wpa2-psk", passphrase="12345678")
    hapd0 = hostapd.add_ap(apdev[0], params)
    bssid0 = hapd0.own_addr()

    id = wpas.connect("test-wpa2-psk", psk="12345678", scan_freq="2412")
    hwsim_utils.test_connectivity(wpas, hapd0)

    hapd1 = hostapd.add_ap(apdev[1], params)
    bssid1 = hapd1.own_addr()
    wpas.scan_for_bss(bssid1, freq=2412)

    if "OK" not in wpas.request("SET_NETWORK " + str(id) + " bssid " + bssid1):
        raise Exception("SET_NETWORK failed")
    if "OK" not in wpas.request("SET ignore_auth_resp 1"):
        raise Exception("SET ignore_auth_resp failed")
    if "OK" not in wpas.request("REASSOCIATE"):
        raise Exception("REASSOCIATE failed")

    logger.info("Wait ~10s for auth timeout...")
    time.sleep(10)
    ev = wpas.wait_event(["CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-STARTED"], 12)
    if not ev:
        raise Exception("CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-STARTED not seen")

    b = get_blacklist(wpas)
    if bssid0 in b:
        raise Exception("Unexpected blacklist contents: " + str(b))

def test_gas_fragment_with_comeback_delay_mcc(dev, apdev):
    """GAS fragmentation and comeback delay with mac80211_hwsim MCC enabled"""
    with HWSimRadio(n_channels=2) as (radio, iface):
        wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface='/tmp/wpas-wlan5')
        wpas.interface_add(iface)
        gas_fragment_and_comeback(wpas, apdev[0], frag_limit=50,
                                  comeback_delay=500)

def cleanup_macsec():
    wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface='/tmp/wpas-wlan5', monitor=False)
    wpas.interface_remove("veth0")
    wpas.interface_remove("veth1")
    del wpas
    subprocess.call(["ip", "link", "del", "veth0"],
                    stderr=open('/dev/null', 'w'))

def test_p2p_config_methods(dev):
    """P2P and WPS config method update"""
    addr0 = dev[0].p2p_dev_addr()
    wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface='/tmp/wpas-wlan5')
    wpas.interface_add("wlan5")
    addr1 = wpas.p2p_dev_addr()

    if "OK" not in wpas.request("SET config_methods keypad virtual_push_button"):
        raise Exception("Failed to set config_methods")

    wpas.p2p_listen()
    if not dev[0].discover_peer(addr1):
        raise Exception("Device discovery timed out")
    dev[0].p2p_stop_find()
    peer = dev[0].get_peer(addr1)
    if peer['config_methods'] != '0x180':
        raise Exception("Unexpected peer config methods(1): " + peer['config_methods'])
    dev[0].global_request("P2P_FLUSH")

    if "OK" not in wpas.request("SET config_methods virtual_display"):
        raise Exception("Failed to set config_methods")

    if not dev[0].discover_peer(addr1):
        raise Exception("Device discovery timed out")
    dev[0].p2p_stop_find()
    peer = dev[0].get_peer(addr1)
    if peer['config_methods'] != '0x8':
        raise Exception("Unexpected peer config methods(2): " + peer['config_methods'])

    wpas.p2p_stop_find()

def test_rfkill_p2p_discovery_p2p_dev(dev, apdev):
    """rfkill block/unblock P2P Discovery with P2P Device"""
    with HWSimRadio(use_p2p_device=True) as (radio, iface):
        wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface='/tmp/wpas-wlan5')
        wpas.interface_add(iface)
	_test_rfkill_p2p_discovery(dev[0], wpas)
	_test_rfkill_p2p_discovery(wpas, dev[1])

def test_p2p_device_grpform2(dev, apdev):
    """P2P group formation with driver using cfg80211 P2P Device (reverse)"""
    wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface='/tmp/wpas-wlan5')
    wpas.interface_add("wlan5")
    [i_res, r_res] = go_neg_pin_authorized(i_dev=wpas, i_intent=15,
                                           r_dev=dev[0], r_intent=0)
    check_grpform_results(i_res, r_res)
    remove_group(wpas, dev[0])

def test_offchannel_tx_roc_grpform2(dev, apdev):
    """P2P group formation(2) using cfg80211 remain-on-channel for offchannel TX"""
    wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface='/tmp/wpas-wlan5')
    wpas.interface_add("wlan5", drv_params="no_offchannel_tx=1")

    [i_res, r_res] = go_neg_pin_authorized(i_dev=wpas, i_freq=2412,
                                           r_dev=dev[0], r_freq=2412)
    check_grpform_results(i_res, r_res)
    remove_group(dev[0], wpas)

def test_p2p_device_grpform(dev, apdev):
    """P2P group formation with driver using cfg80211 P2P Device"""
    with HWSimRadio(use_p2p_device=True) as (radio, iface):
        wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface='/tmp/wpas-wlan5')
        wpas.interface_add(iface)
        [i_res, r_res] = go_neg_pin_authorized(i_dev=dev[0], i_intent=15,
                                               r_dev=wpas, r_intent=0)
        check_grpform_results(i_res, r_res)
        remove_group(dev[0], wpas)

def cleanup_macsec_br(count):
    wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface='/tmp/wpas-wlan5', monitor=False)
    for i in range(count):
        wpas.interface_remove("veth%d" % i)
        subprocess.call(["ip", "link", "del", "veth%d" % i],
                        stderr=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
    del wpas
    subprocess.call(["ip", "link", "set", "brveth", "down"])
    subprocess.call(["brctl", "delbr", "brveth"])

def test_owe_unsupported_group_connect_cmd(dev, apdev):
    """Opportunistic Wireless Encryption and unsupported group using cfg80211 connect command"""
    try:
        wpas = None
        wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface='/tmp/wpas-wlan5')
        wpas.interface_add("wlan5", drv_params="force_connect_cmd=1")
        run_owe_unsupported_group([wpas], apdev)
    finally:
        if wpas:
            wpas.request("VENDOR_ELEM_REMOVE 13 *")

def test_p2p_device_persistent_group2_no_group_iface(dev):
    """P2P persistent group formation and re-invocation (reverse) with cfg80211 P2P Device (no separate group interface)"""
    with HWSimRadio(use_p2p_device=True) as (radio, iface):
        wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface='/tmp/wpas-wlan5')
        wpas.interface_add(iface)
        wpas.global_request("SET p2p_no_group_iface 1")

        form(wpas, dev[0])
        invite_from_cli(wpas, dev[0])
        invite_from_go(wpas, dev[0])

def test_ap_open_sta_enable_disable(dev, apdev):
    """AP with open mode and wpa_supplicant ENABLE/DISABLE_NETWORK"""
    hapd = hostapd.add_ap(apdev[0], { "ssid": "open" })
    bssid = apdev[0]['bssid']

    sta_enable_disable(dev[0], bssid)

    wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface='/tmp/wpas-wlan5')
    wpas.interface_add("wlan5", drv_params="force_connect_cmd=1")
    sta_enable_disable(wpas, bssid)

def test_p2p_device_persistent_group(dev):
    """P2P persistent group formation and re-invocation with cfg80211 P2P Device"""
    with HWSimRadio(use_p2p_device=True) as (radio, iface):
        wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface='/tmp/wpas-wlan5')
        wpas.interface_add(iface)
        wpas.global_request("SET p2p_no_group_iface 0")

        form(dev[0], wpas)
        invite_from_cli(dev[0], wpas)
        invite_from_go(dev[0], wpas)

def test_sta_dynamic(dev, apdev):
    """Dynamically added wpa_supplicant interface"""
    params = hostapd.wpa2_params(ssid="sta-dynamic", passphrase="12345678")
    hostapd.add_ap(apdev[0]['ifname'], params)

    logger.info("Create a dynamic wpa_supplicant interface and connect")
    wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface='/tmp/wpas-wlan5')
    wpas.interface_add("wlan5")

    wpas.connect("sta-dynamic", psk="12345678", scan_freq="2412")

def get_wext_interface():
    if not os.path.exists("/proc/net/wireless"):
        raise HwsimSkip("WEXT support not included in the kernel")

    wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface='/tmp/wpas-wlan5')
    try:
        wpas.interface_add("wlan5", driver="wext")
    except Exception, e:
        wpas.close_ctrl()
        raise HwsimSkip("WEXT driver support not included in wpa_supplicant")

def test_p2p_device_nfc_invite(dev, apdev):
    """P2P NFC invitiation with driver using cfg80211 P2P Device"""
    with HWSimRadio(use_p2p_device=True) as (radio, iface):
        wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface='/tmp/wpas-wlan5')
        wpas.interface_add(iface)

        set_ip_addr_info(dev[0])
        logger.info("Start autonomous GO")
        dev[0].p2p_start_go()

        logger.info("Write NFC Tag on the P2P Client")
        res = wpas.global_request("P2P_LISTEN")
        if "FAIL" in res:
            raise Exception("Failed to start Listen mode")
        pw = wpas.global_request("WPS_NFC_TOKEN NDEF").rstrip()
        if "FAIL" in pw:
            raise Exception("Failed to generate password token")
        res = wpas.global_request("P2P_SET nfc_tag 1").rstrip()
        if "FAIL" in res:
            raise Exception("Failed to enable NFC Tag for P2P static handover")
        sel = wpas.global_request("NFC_GET_HANDOVER_SEL NDEF P2P-CR-TAG").rstrip()
        if "FAIL" in sel:
            raise Exception("Failed to generate NFC connection handover select")

        logger.info("Read NFC Tag on the GO to trigger invitation")
        res = dev[0].request("WPS_NFC_TAG_READ " + sel)
        if "FAIL" in res:
            raise Exception("Failed to provide NFC tag contents to wpa_supplicant")

        ev = wpas.wait_global_event(grpform_events, timeout=20)
        if ev is None:
            raise Exception("Joining the group timed out")
        res = wpas.group_form_result(ev)
        hwsim_utils.test_connectivity_p2p(dev[0], wpas)
        check_ip_addr(res)

def test_p2p_go_move_scm_multi(dev, apdev):
    """P2P GO move due to SCM operation preference multiple times"""
    with HWSimRadio(n_channels=2) as (radio, iface):
        wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface="/tmp/wpas-wlan5")
        wpas.interface_add(iface)

        if wpas.get_mcc() < 2:
            raise Exception("New radio does not support MCC")

        ndev = [wpas, dev[1]]
        _test_p2p_go_move_scm_multi(ndev, apdev)

def test_p2p_go_move_scm_peer_does_not_support(dev, apdev):
    """No P2P GO move due to SCM operation (peer does not supports)"""
    with HWSimRadio(n_channels=2) as (radio, iface):
        wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface="/tmp/wpas-wlan5")
        wpas.interface_add(iface)

        if wpas.get_mcc() < 2:
            raise Exception("New radio does not support MCC")

        ndev = [wpas, dev[1]]
        _test_p2p_go_move_scm_peer_does_not_support(ndev, apdev)

def test_p2p_go_move_active(dev, apdev):
    """P2P GO stays in freq although SCM is possible"""
    with HWSimRadio(n_channels=2) as (radio, iface):
        wpas = WpaSupplicant(global_iface="/tmp/wpas-wlan5")
        wpas.interface_add(iface)

        if wpas.get_mcc() < 2:
            raise Exception("New radio does not support MCC")

        ndev = [wpas, dev[1]]
        _test_p2p_go_move_active(ndev, apdev)