private async Task<JObject> AuthRequest(string path, string method, HttpContent data, RequestingUser u) {

			using(HttpClientHandler handler = new HttpClientHandler())
			using(HttpClient client = new HttpClient(handler)) {

				HttpResponseMessage msg = null;
				string str;

				if(u != null) {
					handler.UseCookies = true;
					handler.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
					u.Cookies.ToList().ForEach(c => handler.CookieContainer.Add(c));
					client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("x-csrf", u.CsrfToken);
				}
				else {
					handler.UseCookies = false;
				}

				if(method.ToUpper() == WebRequestMethods.Http.Get.ToUpper()) {
					msg = await client.GetAsync(BungieNet.PlatformPath + path);
				}
				else if(method.ToUpper() == WebRequestMethods.Http.Post.ToUpper()) {
					msg  = await client.PostAsync(BungieNet.PlatformPath + path, data);
				}

				str = await msg.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

				return JObject.Parse(str);

			}

		}

        public static async Task<bool> SubmitComment(string issueNumber, string commentString)
        {
            // https://developer.atlassian.com/jiradev/api-reference/jira-rest-apis/jira-rest-api-tutorials/jira-rest-api-example-add-comment
            // https://grantadesign.atlassian.net/rest/api/latest/project/10000
            // https://grantadesign.atlassian.net/rest/api/latest/issue/MI-9111/editmeta/

            var credentials = new NetworkCredential(Constants.UserName, Constants.Password);
            var handler = new HttpClientHandler {Credentials = credentials, PreAuthenticate = true};
            using (var client = new HttpClient(handler))
            {
                var authHeader = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Basic", Convert.ToBase64String(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(string.Format("{0}:{1}", Constants.UserName, Constants.Password))));
                client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = authHeader;
                client.BaseAddress = new Uri("https://grantadesign.atlassian.net/rest/api/latest/");
                client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Clear();
                client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));

                var jiraComment = new JiraComment { Body = commentString };
                var response = await client.PostAsJsonAsync("issue/" + issueNumber + "/comment", jiraComment);
                if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
                {
                    return true;
                }

                return false;
            }
        }

 private static HttpClient CreateHttpClient(HttpClientHandler handler, string user, string database)
 {
     return new HttpClient(handler)
     {
         BaseAddress = new Uri(string.Format("https://{0}.cloudant.com/{1}/", user, database))
     };
 }

        private async void OnIdentityProviderTapped(object sender, TappedRoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            var identityProvider = (IdentityProvider)((FrameworkElement)e.OriginalSource).DataContext;

            var webAuthenticationResult = await WebAuthenticationBroker.AuthenticateAsync(
                        WebAuthenticationOptions.None,
                        new Uri(identityProvider.LoginUrl),
                        new Uri("http://authentication.brainthud.com/api/federationcallback/end"));

            var start = webAuthenticationResult.ResponseData.LastIndexOf('=') + 1;
            var nameIdentifier = webAuthenticationResult.ResponseData.Substring(start, webAuthenticationResult.ResponseData.Length - start);
            var cookies = this.getCookies(nameIdentifier);

            var uri = new Uri(@"http://www.brainthud.com/api/Cards/");
            var cookieContainer = new CookieContainer();

            foreach(var cookie in cookies)
            {
                var cookieItem = new Cookie(cookie.Key, cookie.Value);
                cookieContainer.Add(uri, cookieItem);
            }

            var handler = new HttpClientHandler();
            handler.CookieContainer =cookieContainer;
            var client = new HttpClient(handler);
            var response = client.GetAsync(uri).Result;
            var result = response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
            var x = result;
        }

        public IEnumerable<dynamic> GetCardsForSet(string setName)
        {
            // Undocumented feature to fix "The input stream contains too many delimiter characters" exception.
            // See http://forums.asp.net/post/4845421.aspx
            // Shouldn't be needed anymore once JSON.NET support is added to HttpClient post-beta.
            System.Net.Http.Formatting.MediaTypeFormatter.SkipStreamLimitChecks = true;

            var clientHandler = new HttpClientHandler
            {
                Credentials = new System.Net.NetworkCredential(ServiceUsername, ServicePassword)
            };

            using(var client = new HttpClient(clientHandler))
            {
                client.BaseAddress = new Uri(ServiceUrl);

                string setUrlPath = String.Format("sets/{0}", Uri.EscapeUriString(setName));
                var response = client.GetAsync(setUrlPath).Result;
                response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();

                var set = response.Content.ReadAsAsync<System.Json.JsonObject>().Result;
                var cards = set["cards"].ReadAs<JsonArray>();

                return cards;
            }
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //read config data from a command line parameters
            var user = args[0];
            var password = args[1];
            var database = args[2];

            //base request builder for all requests containing user name and database name
            var handler = new HttpClientHandler { Credentials = new NetworkCredential(user, password) };

            using (var client = CreateHttpClient(handler, user, database))
            {
                var creationResponse = Create(client, new {name = "john", age = 15});
                PrintResponse(creationResponse);

                var id = GetString("id", creationResponse);
                var readResponse = Read(client, id);
                PrintResponse(readResponse);

                var rev1 = GetString("_rev", readResponse);
                var updateResponse = Update(client, id, new {name = "john", age = 36, _rev = rev1});
                PrintResponse(updateResponse);
                
                var rev2 = GetString("rev", updateResponse); // note that an update produces a "rev" in the response rather than "_rev"
                var deleteResponse = Delete(client, id, rev2);
                PrintResponse(deleteResponse);
            }
        }

		/// <summary>
		/// Executes the provided request asynchronously, returning the response object.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="request"><see cref="ISteamRequest"/> object for execution.</param>
		/// <returns><see cref="ISteamResponse"/> object containing the result of the request.</returns>
		public async Task<ISteamResponse> ExecuteAsync( ISteamRequest request ) {

			AuthenticateClient( this, request );

			HttpRequestMessage httpRequest = BuildHttpRequest( request );

			CookieContainer cookieContainer = new CookieContainer();

			if( request.Cookies == null || request.Cookies.Count > 0 ) {
				foreach( Cookie cookie in request.Cookies )
					cookieContainer.Add( httpRequest.RequestUri, cookie );
			}

			HttpClientHandler httpHandler = new HttpClientHandler();
			httpHandler.CookieContainer = cookieContainer;

			using( var httpClient = new HttpClient( httpHandler ) ){

				httpClient.Timeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds( ( ( request.Timeout > 0 ) ? request.Timeout : this.Timeout ) );

				try {
					request.IncreaseNumAttempts();
					return ConvertToResponse( request, await httpClient.SendAsync( httpRequest ), cookieContainer );
				}catch( Exception ex ) {
					if( ex.InnerException != null && ex.InnerException is WebException )
						return CreateErrorResponse( request, ex.InnerException );
					return CreateErrorResponse( request, ex );
				}

			}

		}

        /// <summary>
        /// Authenticates a user.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userName">Name of the user.</param>
        /// <param name="password">The password.</param>
        /// <param name="regionKey">The region key.</param>
        /// <returns>The async <see cref="Task"/>.</returns>
        public static async Task<CaasAccountDetails> Authenticate(string userName, string password, string regionKey)
        {
            var config = (ComputeConfigurationSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("compute");
            var credentials = new NetworkCredential(userName, password);
            var handler = new HttpClientHandler { Credentials = credentials };

            using (var client = new HttpClient(handler))
            {
                var region = config.Regions.Cast<RegionConfigurationElement>().FirstOrDefault(r => r.Key == regionKey);
                if (region == null)
                {
                    throw new ArgumentException($"The region with key '{regionKey}' does not exist in the app.config file.");
                }

                var responseSteam = await client.GetStreamAsync(region.BaseUrl + AuthUrl);
                var xdoc = XDocument.Load(responseSteam);
                XNamespace ns5 = "http://oec.api.opsource.net/schemas/directory";
                var orgId = xdoc.Root.Element(ns5 + "orgId").Value;
                return new CaasAccountDetails
                {
                    Credentials = new NetworkCredential(userName, password),
                    OrgId = orgId,
                    BaseUrl = region.BaseUrl,
                    Roles = xdoc.Root.Elements(ns5 + "roles").Elements(ns5 + "role").Elements(ns5 + "name").Select(e => e.Value).ToList()
                };
            }
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var user = "55bd2041-ef4a-4dec-8bc1-b4aa8871b38f-bluemix";
            var password = "cbcdf64595e4ed9d5546e7f9761a03153c3246d97458734c58cfef0f7b06da63";
            var database = "database";
            var handler = new HttpClientHandler { Credentials = new NetworkCredential(user, password) };

            using (var client = CreateHttpClient(handler, user, database))
            {

                string GetAllResponse = GetAll(client);//Query for all docs
                Console.Write(GetAllResponse);
                var creationResponse = Create(client, new {item = "carrot", check = false});
                PrintResponse(creationResponse);

                var id = GetString("id", creationResponse);//Read a doc
                var readResponse = Read(client, id);
                PrintResponse(readResponse);

               var rev1 = GetString("_rev", readResponse);//Update
                var updateResponse = Update(client, id, new {item = "carrot", check = true, _rev = rev1});
                PrintResponse(updateResponse);

                var rev2 = GetString("rev", updateResponse); //Delete
                var deleteResponse = Delete(client, id, rev2);
                PrintResponse(deleteResponse);
                Console.Read();
            }
        }

        public void DigestCredentials()
        {
            var requestUri = new Uri("http://localhost/DigestAuthDemo/");

            var credCache = new CredentialCache
            {
                {
                    new Uri("http://localhost/"),
                    "Digest",
                    new NetworkCredential("Test", "Test", "/")
                }
            };

            using (var clientHander = new HttpClientHandler
            {
                Credentials = credCache,
                PreAuthenticate = true
            })
            using (var httpClient = new HttpClient(clientHander))
            {
                for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++)
                {
                    var responseTask = httpClient.GetAsync(requestUri);
                    responseTask.Result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
                }
            }
        }

        public NodeEngine()
        {
            _port = 1337;             

            var sb = new StringBuilder(File.ReadAllText("server.js"));

            // add included scripts
            sb.AppendLine("var Handlebars = require('./Script/handlebars-1.0.0.js');");
            foreach (var script in HandlebarsConfiguration.Instance.Include)
            { 
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(script.Name))
                {
                    sb.AppendLine("var " + script.Name + " = require('./" + script.Source + "');");
                }
                else
                {
                    sb.AppendLine("require('./" + script.Source + "');");
                } 
            }

            File.WriteAllText("hb-server.js", sb.ToString());
            _server = new Process();
            _server.StartInfo = GetStartInfo();
            _server.Start();
            
            HttpClientHandler handler = new HttpClientHandler();
            handler.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
            handler.AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.None;
            _client = new HttpClient(handler);
        }

        public static string Post(string url, PostBody postBody, int timeout = 5000)
        {
            try
            {
                Logger.Debug($"Post\t{url}");

                using (var handler = new HttpClientHandler() { CookieContainer = new CookieContainer() })
                using (var client = new HttpClient(handler))
                {
                    var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(postBody.Body);
                    var magicCodeName = string.Empty;
                    if (Config.TryGet("MagicCodeType", out magicCodeName))
                    {
                        var magicCodeValue = Config.TryGet("MagicCodeValue", "");
                        var magicCodePath = Config.TryGet("MagicCodePath", "/");
                        var magicCodeDomain = Config.TryGet("MagicCodeDomain", ".baidu.com");
                        handler.CookieContainer.Add(new Cookie(magicCodeName, magicCodeValue, magicCodePath, magicCodeDomain));
                    }
                    var result = client.PostAsync(url, content).Result;
                    result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();

                    return result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Logger.Error(e.ToString());
                return e.Message;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// You need to put this activity in a different agent that write the diagnostics log that you want to change.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="context"></param>
        protected override void Execute(CodeActivityContext context)
        {
            Thread.Sleep(30000);

            var findAndReplace = context.GetValue(FindAndReplaceStrings);
            _teamProjectUri = context.GetValue(TeamProjectUri);
            _buildUri = context.GetValue(BuildUri);

            var vssCredential = new VssCredentials(true);
            _fcClient = new FileContainerHttpClient(_teamProjectUri, vssCredential);
            var containers = _fcClient.QueryContainersAsync(new List<Uri>() { _buildUri }).Result;

            if (!containers.Any())
                return;

            var agentLogs = GetAgentLogs(containers);

            if (agentLogs == null)
                return;

            using (var handler = new HttpClientHandler() { UseDefaultCredentials = true })
            {
                var reader = DownloadAgentLog(agentLogs, handler);

                using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
                {
                    ReplaceStrings(findAndReplace, reader, ms);
                    var response = UploadDocument(containers, agentLogs, ms);
                }
            }
        }

        // <snippet508>
        public async Task<LogOnResult> LogOnAsync(string userId, string password)
        {
            using (var handler = new HttpClientHandler { CookieContainer = new CookieContainer() })
            {
                using (var client = new HttpClient(handler))
                {
                    client.AddCurrentCultureHeader();
                    // Ask the server for a password challenge string
                    var requestId = GenerateRequestId();
                    var response1 = await client.GetAsync(_clientBaseUrl + "GetPasswordChallenge?requestId=" + requestId);
                    response1.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
                    var challengeEncoded = await response1.Content.ReadAsAsync<string>();
                    var challengeBuffer = CryptographicBuffer.DecodeFromHexString(challengeEncoded);

                    // Use HMAC_SHA512 hash to encode the challenge string using the password being authenticated as the key.
                    var provider = MacAlgorithmProvider.OpenAlgorithm(MacAlgorithmNames.HmacSha512);
                    var passwordBuffer = CryptographicBuffer.ConvertStringToBinary(password, BinaryStringEncoding.Utf8);
                    var hmacKey = provider.CreateKey(passwordBuffer);
                    var buffHmac = CryptographicEngine.Sign(hmacKey, challengeBuffer);
                    var hmacString = CryptographicBuffer.EncodeToHexString(buffHmac);

                    // Send the encoded challenge to the server for authentication (to avoid sending the password itself)
                    var response = await client.GetAsync(_clientBaseUrl + userId + "?requestID=" + requestId +"&passwordHash=" + hmacString);

                    // Raise exception if sign in failed
                    response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();

                    // On success, return sign in results from the server response packet
                    var result = await response.Content.ReadAsAsync<UserInfo>();
                    var serverUri = new Uri(Constants.ServerAddress);
                    return new LogOnResult { ServerCookieHeader = handler.CookieContainer.GetCookieHeader(serverUri), UserInfo = result };
                }
            }
        }

        public void SendSMS(Models.Message message)
        {
            var from = Settings.FromPhoneNumber;
            var phonePrefix = Settings.PhonePrefix;

            var handler = new HttpClientHandler()
            {
                AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.Deflate | DecompressionMethods.GZip,
                AllowAutoRedirect = false,
                UseCookies = true
            };
            var httpclient = new HttpClient(handler);
            httpclient.BaseAddress = new Uri("https://www.ovh.com");

            var request = "cgi-bin/sms/http2sms.cgi"
                            .SetQueryParam("account", Settings.Account)
                            .SetQueryParam("login", Settings.Nic)
                            .SetQueryParam("password", Settings.Password)
                            .SetQueryParam("from", from)
                            .SetQueryParam("to", message.MobileNumber)
                            .SetQueryParam("message", message.Content)
                            .SetQueryParam("noStop", "1");

            var response = httpclient.GetAsync(request);
            if (response.Result.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
            {
                var content = response.Result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
            }
        }

 public static async Task<bool> ChkVerifyCodeAnsyn(string verifyNo)
 {
     try
     {
         var handler = new HttpClientHandler() { CookieContainer = cookieContainers, AllowAutoRedirect = true, AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip };
         using (var httpClient = new HttpClient(handler))
         {
             httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Host", "kyfw.12306.cn");
             httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Origin", ConstantKey.loginorigin);
             httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Referer", ConstantKey.loginRefer);
             httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("UserAgent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/34.0.1847.131");
             ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback += (sender, certificate, chain, errors) => true;
             // 构造POST参数
             var data = new FormUrlEncodedContent(new Dictionary<string, string>()
             {
                {"randCode", verifyNo},
                {"rand", "sjrand"}
             });
             var response = await httpClient.PostAsync(ConstantKey.loginChkVcode, data);
             response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
             string content = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(content) || !content.Contains("Y") || !content.Contains("true")) return false;
             return true;
         }
     }
     catch (Exception ex)
     {
         return false;
     }
 }

 public static async Task<Image> LoginInitAndGetloginVcode(bool IsFirst = false)
 {
     try
     {
         var handler = new HttpClientHandler() { CookieContainer = cookieContainers, AllowAutoRedirect = true, AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip };
         using (var httpClient = new HttpClient(handler))
         {
             httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Host", "kyfw.12306.cn");
             httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Origin", ConstantKey.loginorigin);
             httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Referer", ConstantKey.loginRefer);
             httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("UserAgent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/34.0.1847.131");
             ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback += (sender, certificate, chain, errors) => true;
             if (IsFirst)
             {
                 //loginInit
                 string loginInit = await httpClient.GetStringAsync(ConstantKey.loginInit);
                 if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(loginInit) || !loginInit.Contains("登录")) return null;
                 //loginJs
                 var resp = await httpClient.GetAsync(ConstantKey.loginJs);
                 if (!resp.IsSuccessStatusCode) return null;
             }
             //VerifyCode
             var verifyStream = await httpClient.GetStreamAsync(ConstantKey.loginVcode);
             if (verifyStream == null) return null;
             return Image.FromStream(verifyStream);
         }
     }
     catch (Exception ex)
     {
         return null;
     }
 }

        private void Initalize()
        {
            // Limit to maximum of 256 Connections
            ServicePointManager.DefaultConnectionLimit = 256;

            //Trust all certificates
            ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = ((sender, certificate, chain, sslPolicyErrors) => true);

            // TODO: Add Proxy Support
            Handler = new HttpClientHandler
            {
                AllowAutoRedirect = true,
                UseCookies = true,
                CookieContainer = new CookieContainer(),
                UseDefaultCredentials = false,
                Proxy = null,
                UseProxy = false
            };

            // Create the HTTP Client
            Client = new HttpClient(Handler);
            Client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Clear();
            Client.DefaultRequestHeaders.CacheControl = new CacheControlHeaderValue { MaxAge = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0) };
            Client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.ParseAdd("text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8");
            Client.DefaultRequestHeaders.UserAgent.ParseAdd("Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/32.0.1700.107 Safari/537.36");
        }

        public static HttpClientHandler CreateHttpClientHandler()
        {
            var handler = new HttpClientHandler();
            handler.ApplyProxy();

            return handler;
        }

        public static HttpClientHandler CreateClientHandler(string serviceUrl, ICredentials credentials)
        {
            if (serviceUrl == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("serviceUrl");
            }

            // Set up our own HttpClientHandler and configure it
            HttpClientHandler clientHandler = new HttpClientHandler();

            if (credentials != null)
            {
                // Set up credentials cache which will handle basic authentication
                CredentialCache credentialCache = new CredentialCache();

                // Get base address without terminating slash
                string credentialAddress = new Uri(serviceUrl).GetLeftPart(UriPartial.Authority).TrimEnd(uriPathSeparator);

                // Add credentials to cache and associate with handler
                NetworkCredential networkCredentials = credentials.GetCredential(new Uri(credentialAddress), "Basic");
                credentialCache.Add(new Uri(credentialAddress), "Basic", networkCredentials);
                clientHandler.Credentials = credentialCache;
                clientHandler.PreAuthenticate = true;
            }

            // Our handler is ready
            return clientHandler;
        }