/// <summary>开方</summary>
        static internal BigNumber Sqrt(BigNumber value, int precision) {
            if (!value.IsPlus)
                throw new ExpressionException("只有正数才有开平方运算");

            List<int> div = new List<int>();
            int index = 0;
            int resultIntCount = (value.IntPart.Count + 1) / 2;

            List<int> result = GetFirstDiv(value, ref div, ref index);

            div = FirstTry(result, div);
            div.AddRange(GetNewTwoDiv(value, ref index));
            BigCalculate.RemoveStartZero(div);
            //考虑精度的计算
            while (true) {
                div = TryDiv(div, result);
                if (result.Count - resultIntCount >= precision)
                    break;

                div.AddRange(GetNewTwoDiv(value, ref index));
                BigCalculate.RemoveStartZero(div);
            }

            return new BigNumber(result.GetRange(0, resultIntCount), result.GetRange(resultIntCount, result.Count - resultIntCount), true);
        }

 static void Main(string[] args) 
 {
     BigNumber e = new BigNumber("1");
     BigNumber[,] table = new BigNumber[3, 3] { { 52*e, 64*e, 24*e },{60*e,59*e,52*e},{50*e,65*e,74*e} };
     Console.WriteLine(contingency(table));
     Console.ReadKey();
 }

 static BigNumber Quantile(BigNumber[] NumberSeries, double quan)
 {
     int len = NumberSeries.Length;
     double position = quan * (double)len;
     position = Convert.ToDouble(round(position.ToString(), 0));
     return NumberSeries[Convert.ToInt32(position - 1)];
 }

 /// <summary>减</summary>
 public static BigNumber Minus(BigNumber one, BigNumber two) {
     BigNumber oneAbsolute = one.AbsoluteNumber;
     BigNumber twoAbsolute = two.AbsoluteNumber;
     //正数减正数
     if (one.IsPlus && two.IsPlus) {
         if (oneAbsolute.CompareTo(twoAbsolute) == 1)
             return PlusMinus(one, two);
         else if (oneAbsolute.CompareTo(twoAbsolute) == -1)
             return PlusMinus(two, one).ReverseNumber;
         else
             return BigNumber.Zero;
     }
         //正数减负数
     else if (one.IsPlus && !two.IsPlus) {
         return PlusAdd(oneAbsolute, twoAbsolute);
     }
         //负数减正数
     else if (!one.IsPlus && two.IsPlus) {
         return PlusAdd(oneAbsolute, twoAbsolute).ReverseNumber;
     }
         //负数减负数
     else if (!one.IsPlus && !two.IsPlus) {
         return Add(one, twoAbsolute);
     }
     throw new Exception("不可能到达的地方");
 }

       public  static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("请输入x的值，用逗号分开");
            string numberseriesx = Console.ReadLine();
            Console.WriteLine("请输入y的值，用逗号分开");
            string numberlinresy = Console.ReadLine();
            char[] separator = { ',' };
            string[] numbersx = numberseriesx.Split(separator);
            string[] numbersy = numberlinresy.Split(separator);
            int n = numbersx.Length;
            BigNumber[] x = new BigNumber[n];
            BigNumber[] y = new BigNumber[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            {
                x[i] = new BigNumber(numbersx[i]);

            }
            for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
            {
                y[j] = new BigNumber(numbersy[j]);
            }
            Console.WriteLine( Regression(x,y,n));
            Console.ReadKey();

        }

        //仅限于寻找有序数列中的众数
        //多个众数时返回最小的众数
        public static string Mode(BigNumber[] NumberSeries)
        {

            double MaxCount = 0;
            double CurrentCount = 0;
            BigNumber MaxNumber = new BigNumber("0");
            BigNumber CurrentNumber = new BigNumber("0");
            int len = NumberSeries.Length;
            for (int i = 1; i < len; i++)
            {
                if (CompareNumber.Compare(NumberSeries[i - 1], NumberSeries[i]) == 0)
                {
                    CurrentCount++;
                    if (CurrentCount > MaxCount)
                    {
                        MaxCount = CurrentCount;
                        MaxNumber = NumberSeries[i];
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    CurrentCount = 0;
                }
            }
            if (MaxCount == 0)
            {
                return "NA";
            }
            else
            {
                return MaxNumber.ToString();
            }
        }

        public void BigNum()
        {
            var x = new BigNumber(9007199254740992);

            Assert.Equal(@"{
  ""Number"": ""9007199254740992""
}", JsonObject.FromObject(x).ToString());
        }

        public void LilNumber()
        {
            var x = new BigNumber(1);

            Assert.Equal(@"{
  ""Number"": 1
}", JsonObject.FromObject(x).ToString());
        }

       public static string Regression(BigNumber[] x,BigNumber[] y,int n)
        {
            BigNumber sumx = new BigNumber("0");
            BigNumber sumy = new BigNumber("0");
            BigNumber lxy = new BigNumber("0");
            BigNumber lxx = new BigNumber("0");
            BigNumber xbar, ybar, beta0, beta1;

            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            {
                sumx = sumx + x[i];
            }

            xbar = sumx / new BigNumber(x.Length.ToString());
            for (int a = 0; a <= n-1; a++)
            {
                lxx = lxx + (x[a] - xbar).Power(new BigNumber("2"));
            }
            for (int i = 0; i <= n-1; i++)
            {
                sumy = sumy + y[i];
            }
            ybar = sumy / new BigNumber(y.Length.ToString());
            for (int i = 0; i <= n-1; i++)
            {
                lxy = lxy + (x[i] - xbar) * (y[i] - ybar);
            }
            beta1 = lxy / lxx;
            beta0 = ybar - beta1 * xbar;
          
            BigNumber[] Ey = new BigNumber[n];
            BigNumber[] residual = new BigNumber[n];
            BigNumber SSR = new BigNumber("0");
            BigNumber SSE = new BigNumber("0");
            BigNumber Fvalue, Rsquare;
            for (int i =0;i <= n-1; i++)
            {
                Ey[i] = beta0 + beta1 * x[i];
            }
            for (int i=0; i <= n-1;i++)
            {
                residual[i] = y[i] - Ey[i];
            }
            for (int i = 0; i <= n - 1; i++)
            {
                SSR = SSR + (Ey[i] - ybar).Power(new BigNumber("2"));
                SSE = SSE + (y[i] - Ey[i]).Power(new BigNumber("2"));
            }
            Fvalue = SSR / SSE * (new BigNumber( n.ToString()) - new BigNumber("2"));
            string f = Fvalue.ToString();
            double F =  Convert.ToDouble(f);
            Rsquare = SSR / (SSR+SSE);
           // BigNumber Fa = new BigNumber(Stat.FdistUa(0.05, 2,1).ToString());
            //BigNumber FF =new BigNumber("1") / Fa;
            BigNumber p = new BigNumber(Stat.FCDF(F, 1, 2).ToString());
            return p.ToString()+" "+f;//+" "+ Fvalue.ToString();//"回归方程为：y=" + MathV.round(beta0.ToString(),3,0)+ "+" + MathV.round(beta1.ToString(),3,0) + "*x"+" Rsquare:"+MathV.round(Rsquare.ToString(),3,0)+" Fvalue:"+MathV.round(Fvalue.ToString(),3,0);
        }

 //输入为BigNumber数组，返回为BigNumber值
 //n - 1个自由度
 public static BigNumber Variance(BigNumber[] NumberSeries)
 {
     BigNumber sum = new BigNumber("0");
     int len = NumberSeries.Length;
     BigNumber mean_series = Mean(NumberSeries);
     foreach (BigNumber SingleNumber in NumberSeries)
     {
         sum += (SingleNumber - mean_series).Power(new BigNumber("2"), 30);
     }
     return sum / new BigNumber((len - 1).ToString());
 }

		private void test_ecdh_curve(Asn1Object obj, string text, BigNumber.Context ctx) {
			Key a = Key.FromCurveName(obj);
			Key b = Key.FromCurveName(obj);
			BigNumber x_a = new BigNumber();
			BigNumber y_a = new BigNumber();
			BigNumber x_b = new BigNumber();
			BigNumber y_b = new BigNumber();
			
			try {
				Console.Write("Testing key generation with {0}", text);
				
				a.GenerateKey();
				if (a.Group.Method.FieldType == Objects.NID.X9_62_prime_field.NID) {
					a.PublicKey.GetAffineCoordinatesGFp(x_a, y_a, ctx);
				}
				else {
					a.PublicKey.GetAffineCoordinatesGF2m(x_a, y_a, ctx);
				}
				Console.Write(".");
				
				b.GenerateKey();
				if (b.Group.Method.FieldType == Objects.NID.X9_62_prime_field.NID) {
					b.PublicKey.GetAffineCoordinatesGFp(x_b, y_b, ctx);
				}
				else {
					b.PublicKey.GetAffineCoordinatesGF2m(x_b, y_b, ctx);
				}
				Console.Write(".");
				
				byte[] abuf = new byte[MessageDigest.SHA1.Size];
				int aout = a.ComputeKey(b, abuf, KDF1_SHA1);
				Console.Write(".");
				
				byte[] bbuf = new byte[MessageDigest.SHA1.Size];
				int bout = b.ComputeKey(a, bbuf, KDF1_SHA1);
				Console.Write(".");
				
				Assert.Greater(aout, 4);
				Assert.AreEqual(aout, bout);
				Assert.IsTrue(Compare(abuf, bbuf));

				Console.Write(" ok");
			}
			finally {
				a.Dispose();
				b.Dispose();
				x_a.Dispose();
				y_a.Dispose();
				x_b.Dispose();
				y_b.Dispose();
			}
			
			Console.WriteLine();
		}

 static BigNumber Mean(BigNumber[] NumberSeries)
 {
     BigNumber sum = new BigNumber("0");
     foreach (BigNumber SingleNumber in NumberSeries)
     {
         sum += SingleNumber;
     }
     int len = NumberSeries.Length;
     BigNumber len_bignumber = new BigNumber(len.ToString());
     return sum / len_bignumber;
 }

        /// <summary>e次幂</summary>
        public static BigNumber Exp(BigNumber value, int precision) {
            BigNumber sum = new BigNumber("0");

            for (BigNumber n = new BigNumber("0"); ; n++) {
                BigNumber r = BigNumber.Division(value.Power(n), n.Factorial(), precision + 1);

                if (r.GetPrecision(0) > precision)
                    break;
                sum = sum + r;
            }
            Remove(sum, precision);
            return sum;
        }

    } //计算分位数值
 static string ParaEasti(BigNumber[] NumberSeries, double significance, int tail, BigNumber goalnumber)
    {
        //总体均值的区间估计
        //tail == 1单尾，为2则双尾
        BigNumber n = new BigNumber(NumberSeries.Length.ToString());
        if (tail == 2)
        {
            significance = significance / 2;
        }
        BigNumber lower = Proportion(NumberSeries, goalnumber)-new BigNumber(NORMSINV(significance).ToString())*(Proportion(NumberSeries, goalnumber) * (new BigNumber("1") - Proportion(NumberSeries, goalnumber)) / n).Power(new BigNumber("0.5"));
        BigNumber upper = Proportion(NumberSeries, goalnumber)+new BigNumber(NORMSINV(significance).ToString())*(Proportion(NumberSeries, goalnumber) * (new BigNumber("1") - Proportion(NumberSeries, goalnumber)) / n).Power(new BigNumber("0.5"));
        return lower.ToString() + "," + upper.ToString();
    }

        /// <summary> 乘  </summary>
        public static BigNumber Multiply(BigNumber one, BigNumber two) {
            List<int> oneText = new List<int>();
            List<int> twoText = new List<int>();
            oneText.AddRange(one.IntPart);
            oneText.AddRange(one.DecimalPart);
            twoText.AddRange(two.IntPart);
            twoText.AddRange(two.DecimalPart);
            List<int> resultText = Multiply(oneText, twoText);

            int decimalLength = one.DecimalPart.Count + two.DecimalPart.Count;
            List<int> intPart = resultText.GetRange(0, resultText.Count - decimalLength);
            List<int> decimalPart = resultText.GetRange(resultText.Count - decimalLength, decimalLength);
            return new BigNumber(intPart, decimalPart, !(one.IsPlus ^ two.IsPlus));
        }

        internal static BigNumber Division(BigNumber one, BigNumber two, int precision) {
            List<int> oneInt = new List<int>();
            List<int> oneDecimal = new List<int>();
            oneInt.AddRange(one.IntPart);
            oneDecimal.AddRange(one.DecimalPart);
            List<int> twoText = new List<int>();
            twoText.AddRange(two.IntPart);
            twoText.AddRange(two.DecimalPart);
            RemoveStartZero(twoText);
            //将15/2.3 移位为 150/23  //DecimalLength
            for (int i = 0; i < two.DecimalPart.Count; i++) {
                if (oneDecimal.Count != 0) {
                    oneInt.Add(oneDecimal[0]);
                    oneDecimal.RemoveAt(0);
                } else {
                    oneInt.Add(0);
                }
            }
            List<int> resultInt = new List<int>();
            List<int> resultDecimal = new List<int>();

            int index = twoText.Count < oneInt.Count ? twoText.Count - 1 : oneInt.Count - 1;
            List<int> div = oneInt.GetRange(0, index + 1);
            //正数部分的除法
            while (true) {
                resultInt.Add(Division(div, twoText));
                div = IntMinus(div, Multiply(twoText, new List<int> { resultInt[resultInt.Count - 1] }), 0);
                index++;
                if (index >= oneInt.Count)
                    break;
                div.Add(oneInt[index]);
            }
            index = 0;
            //小数部分的除法
            while (true) {
                //满足精度后退出
                if (resultDecimal.Count >= precision)
                    break;
                if (index >= oneDecimal.Count)
                    div.Add(0);
                else {
                    div.Add(oneDecimal[index]);
                }
                int r = Division(div, twoText);
                resultDecimal.Add(r);
                div = IntMinus(div, Multiply(twoText, new List<int> { r }), 0);
                index++;
            }
            return new BigNumber(resultInt, resultDecimal, !(one.IsPlus ^ two.IsPlus));
        }

 static void Sort(int n, BigNumber[] NumberSeries)
 {
     BigNumber temp = new BigNumber("0");
     if (n <= 1){
         return;
     }
     for (int i = 0;i < n - 1;i++){
         if (CompareNumber.Compare(NumberSeries[i] , NumberSeries[i+1]) == 1){
             temp = NumberSeries[i +1];
             NumberSeries[i + 1]= NumberSeries[i];
             NumberSeries[i]=temp;
         }
         	Sort(n - 1, NumberSeries);
     }
 }

     static string HT(BigNumber H0, BigNumber[] NumberSeries, double significance, int tail, BigNumber goalnumber)
     {
         //Hypothesis Testing假设检验
         string result = ParaEasti(NumberSeries, significance, tail, goalnumber);
         char[] separator = { ',' };
         string[] intervals = result.Split(separator);
         BigNumber lower = new BigNumber(intervals[0]);
         BigNumber upper = new BigNumber(intervals[1]);
         if (tail == 2)
         {
             significance = significance / 2;

             if (CompareNumber.Compare(lower, H0) == -1 && CompareNumber.Compare(upper, H0) == 1)
             {
                 return "不拒绝原假设";
             }
             else
             {
                 return "拒绝原假设";
             }
         }
         else if (tail == -1)//左单尾
         {
             significance = significance / 1;
             if (CompareNumber.Compare(lower, H0) == -1)
             {
                 return "不拒绝原假设";
             }
             else
             {
                 return "拒绝原假设";
             }
         }
         else//右单尾
         {
             significance = significance / 1;
             if (CompareNumber.Compare(upper, H0) == -1)
             {
                 return "拒绝原假设";
             }
             else
             {
                 return "不拒绝原假设";
             }
         }

         }

 /// <summary>获取第一个除数</summary>
 static List<int> GetFirstDiv(BigNumber value, ref List<int> div, ref int index) {
     //这里有待加入对0.02和0.002的考虑
     if (value.IntPart.Count == 1 && value.IntPart[0] == 0) {
         List<int> result = new List<int>();
         result.Add(0);
         while (true) {
             if (value.DecimalPart[index] != 0) {
                 for (int i = 0; i < index / 2; i++) {
                     result.Add(0);
                 }
                 //0.005
                 if (index % 2 == 0) {
                     div.Add(value.DecimalPart[index]);
                     if (index + 1 < value.DecimalPart.Count) {
                         div.Add(value.DecimalPart[index + 1]);
                     } else {
                         div.Add(0);
                     }
                 }
                     //0.05
                 else {
                     div.Add(value.DecimalPart[index]);
                 }
                 index++;
                 break;
             }
             index++;
             if (index == value.DecimalPart.Count)
                 break;
         }
         index++;
         return result;
     } else {
         //如果是偶数则第一次取两位
         if (value.IntPart.Count % 2 == 0) {
             div = value.IntPart.GetRange(0, 2);
             index = 2;
         }
             //是奇数则只取一位
         else {
             div = value.IntPart.GetRange(0, 1);
             index = 1;
         }
         return new List<int>();
     }
 }

     static BigNumber Proportion(BigNumber[] NumberSeries,BigNumber goalnumber)
     {      int n = NumberSeries.Length;
            BigNumber count= new BigNumber("0");
            BigNumber goal= new BigNumber(goalnumber.ToString());
            for (int i = 0; i< n; i++ )
            {
                if (CompareNumber.Compare(NumberSeries[i],goal) == 0)
                {
                    count = count + new BigNumber("1");
                  }
                else
             {
                 count = count + new BigNumber("0");
             }
            }
            return count / new BigNumber(n.ToString());

        }//计算目标样本比例p