Expression CreateViewStateSlice(Field f)
		{
			// ViewState["<f.Name>"]
			return new SlicingExpression(
				new ReferenceExpression("ViewState"),
				new StringLiteralExpression(f.Name));
		}

 public override void LeaveField(Field node)
 {
     if (!node.IsVisibilitySet)
     {
         node.Modifiers |= TypeMemberModifiers.Protected;
     }
 }

		Method CreateGetter(Field f)
		{
			Method m = new Method();
			m.Name = "get";

			// value = ViewState["<f.Name>"]
			m.Body.Statements.Add(
				new ExpressionStatement(
					new BinaryExpression(
						BinaryOperatorType.Assign,
						new ReferenceExpression("value"),
						CreateViewStateSlice(f)
						)
					)
				);

			if (null != _default)
			{
				// return <_default> unless value
				ReturnStatement rs = new ReturnStatement(_default);
				rs.Modifier = new StatementModifier(StatementModifierType.Unless, new ReferenceExpression("value"));
				m.Body.Statements.Add(rs);
			}

			// return value
			m.Body.Statements.Add(
				new ReturnStatement(
					new ReferenceExpression("value")
					)
				);

			return m;
		}

 public override void OnField(Field node)
 {
     if (this.LookingFor(node))
     {
         this.Found(node.Type);
     }
 }

		public override void OnField(Field node)
		{
			if (node.Type != null) {
				TypeReference initializerType = GetInferredType(node.Initializer);
				if (node.Type.Matches(initializerType)) {
					node.Type = null;
				}
			}
			base.OnField(node);
		}

		override public void OnField(Field node)
		{
			if (null == node.Entity)
			{
				node.Entity = new InternalField(node);
				if (!node.IsVisible && !node.IsSynthetic)
				{
					node.Annotate(PrivateMemberNeverUsed, null);
				}
			}
		}

		Method CreateSetter(Field f)
		{
			Method m = new Method();
			m.Name = "set";
			m.Body.Statements.Add(
				new ExpressionStatement(
					new BinaryExpression(
						BinaryOperatorType.Assign,
						CreateViewStateSlice(f),
						new ReferenceExpression("value")
						)
					)
				);
			return m;
		}

        public override void LeaveField(Field node)
        {
            if (!node.IsVisibilitySet)
            {
                node.Visibility = Context.Parameters.DefaultFieldVisibility;

                //protected field in a sealed type == private,
                //so let the compiler mark them private automatically in order to get
                //unused members warnings for free (and to make IL analysis tools happy as a bonus)
                if (node.IsProtected && node.DeclaringType.IsFinal)
                    node.Visibility = TypeMemberModifiers.Private;
            }

            LeaveMember(node);
        }

		/// <summary>
		/// Extends the base class by placing the blocks of macros into methods on the base class
		/// of the same name.
		/// </summary>
		/// <example>
		/// MyMethod:
		///		PerformActions
		/// 
		/// If an overridable method called MyMethod exists on <see cref="BaseClassCompilerStep.BaseClass"/>, then 
		/// it is overridden as follows:
		/// <code>
		/// public override void MyMethod() { PerformActions(); }
		/// </code>
		/// </example>
		protected override void ExtendBaseClass(Module module, ClassDefinition definition)
		{
			List<MethodInfo> methodsThatAreOverridable = new List<MethodInfo>();

			MethodInfo[] baseClassMethods =
				BaseClass.GetMethods(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public |
									 BindingFlags.InvokeMethod);

			foreach (MethodInfo method in baseClassMethods)
			{
				if(method.DeclaringType==typeof(object))
					continue;
				if (method.IsVirtual || method.IsAbstract)
					methodsThatAreOverridable.Add(method);
			}

			MethodSubstitutionTransformer mst = new MethodSubstitutionTransformer(methodsThatAreOverridable.ToArray(), definition);
			mst.Visit(module);

			foreach (Statement statement in module.Globals.Statements)
			{
				ExpressionStatement es = statement as ExpressionStatement;
				if (es != null)
				{
					BinaryExpression be = es.Expression as BinaryExpression;
					if (be != null)
					{
						if (be.Left.NodeType == NodeType.ReferenceExpression && be.Operator == BinaryOperatorType.Assign)
						{
							ReferenceExpression refExp = be.Left as ReferenceExpression;

							Field field = new Field(refExp.LexicalInfo);
							field.Name = refExp.Name;
							field.Initializer = be.Right;
							definition.Members.Add(field);
						}
					}
				}
			}

			if (transformers != null)
			{
				foreach (DepthFirstTransformer transformer in transformers)
					transformer.Visit(module);
			}
		}

		void ConvertField(TypeReference typeRef, VariableDeclaration variable, FieldDeclaration fieldDeclaration)
		{
			B.TypeMember m;
			if (currentType is B.EnumDefinition) {
				if (variable.Initializer.IsNull) {
					m = new B.EnumMember(GetLexicalInfo(fieldDeclaration));
				} else {
					PrimitiveExpression p = variable.Initializer as PrimitiveExpression;
					if (p == null || !(p.Value is int)) {
						AddError(fieldDeclaration, "enum member initializer must be integer value");
						return;
					}
					m = new B.EnumMember(GetLexicalInfo(fieldDeclaration), new B.IntegerLiteralExpression((int)p.Value));
				}
			} else {
				m = new B.Field(GetLexicalInfo(fieldDeclaration), ConvertTypeReference(typeRef), ConvertExpression(variable.Initializer));
				m.Modifiers = ConvertModifier(fieldDeclaration, B.TypeMemberModifiers.Private);
			}
			m.Name = variable.Name;
			ConvertAttributes(fieldDeclaration.Attributes, m.Attributes);
			if (currentType != null) currentType.Members.Add(m);
		}

 void ProcessLiteralField(Field node)
 {
     Visit(node.Initializer);
     ProcessFieldInitializerType(node, node.Initializer.ExpressionType);
     ((InternalField)node.Entity).StaticValue = node.Initializer;
     node.Initializer = null;
 }

 void ProcessFieldInitializerType(Field node, IType initializerType)
 {
     if (null == node.Type)
         node.Type = CreateTypeReference(node.LexicalInfo, MapNullToObject(initializerType));
     else
         AssertTypeCompatibility(node.Initializer, GetType(node.Type), initializerType);
 }

        void ProcessFieldInitializer(Field node)
        {
            Expression initializer = node.Initializer;
            if (null == initializer) return;

            //do not unnecessarily assign fields to default values
            switch (initializer.NodeType)
            {
                case NodeType.NullLiteralExpression:
                    node.Initializer = null;
                    return;
                case NodeType.IntegerLiteralExpression:
                    if (0 == ((IntegerLiteralExpression) initializer).Value) {
                        node.Initializer = null;
                        return;
                    }
                    break;
                case NodeType.BoolLiteralExpression:
                    if (false == ((BoolLiteralExpression) initializer).Value) {
                        node.Initializer = null;
                        return;
                    }
                    break;
                case NodeType.DoubleLiteralExpression:
                    if (0.0f == ((DoubleLiteralExpression) initializer).Value) {
                        node.Initializer = null;
                        return;
                    }
                    break;
            }

            Method method = GetInitializerMethod(node);
            method.Body.Add(
                CodeBuilder.CreateAssignment(
                    initializer.LexicalInfo,
                    CodeBuilder.CreateReference(node),
                    initializer));
            node.Initializer = null;
        }

        private void PreProcessFieldInitializer(Field node)
        {
            Expression initializer = node.Initializer;
            if (node.IsFinal && node.IsStatic)
            {
                if (IsValidLiteralInitializer(initializer))
                {
                    ProcessLiteralField(node);
                    return;
                }
            }

            BlockExpression closure = node.Initializer as BlockExpression;
            if (closure != null)
            {
                InferClosureSignature(closure);
            }

            Method method = GetInitializerMethod(node);
            InternalMethod entity = (InternalMethod)method.Entity;

            ReferenceExpression temp = new ReferenceExpression(TempInitializerName);

            BinaryExpression assignment = new BinaryExpression(
                node.LexicalInfo,
                BinaryOperatorType.Assign,
                temp,
                initializer);

            ProcessNodeInMethodContext(entity, entity, assignment);
            method.Locals.RemoveByEntity(temp.Entity);

            IType initializerType = GetExpressionType(assignment.Right);
            ProcessFieldInitializerType(node, initializerType);
            node.Initializer = assignment.Right;
        }

 Method GetInitializerMethod(Field node)
 {
     return GetInitializerFor(node.DeclaringType, node.IsStatic);
 }

 public override void LeaveField(Field node)
 {
     CheckName(node,node.Name);
 }

 public override void OnField(Field node)
 {
     _emitter.EmitFieldAttributes(node);
 }

	protected void field_or_property(
		TypeMemberCollection container
	) //throws RecognitionException, TokenStreamException
{
		
		IToken  id1 = null;
		IToken  begin1 = null;
		IToken  s = null;
		IToken  lparen = null;
		IToken  id2 = null;
		IToken  begin2 = null;
		
			IToken id = null;
			TypeMember tm = null;
			TypeReference tr = null;
			Property p = null;
			Field field = null;
			ExplicitMemberInfo emi = null;
			Expression initializer = null;
			ParameterDeclarationCollection parameters = null;
			Expression nameSplice = null;
		
		
		try {      // for error handling
			{
				bool synPredMatched156 = false;
				if (((LA(1)==SELF||LA(1)==ID||LA(1)==SPLICE_BEGIN) && (tokenSet_34_.member(LA(2)))))
				{
					int _m156 = mark();
					synPredMatched156 = true;
					inputState.guessing++;
					try {
						{
							property_header();
						}
					}
					catch (RecognitionException)
					{
						synPredMatched156 = false;
					}
					rewind(_m156);
					inputState.guessing--;
				}
				if ( synPredMatched156 )
				{
					{
						{
							if ((LA(1)==ID) && (LA(2)==DOT))
							{
								emi=explicit_member_info();
							}
							else if ((LA(1)==SELF||LA(1)==ID||LA(1)==SPLICE_BEGIN) && (tokenSet_34_.member(LA(2)))) {
							}
							else
							{
								throw new NoViableAltException(LT(1), getFilename());
							}
							
						}
						{
							switch ( LA(1) )
							{
							case ID:
							{
								id1 = LT(1);
								match(ID);
								if (0==inputState.guessing)
								{
									id=id1;
								}
								break;
							}
							case SPLICE_BEGIN:
							{
								begin1 = LT(1);
								match(SPLICE_BEGIN);
								nameSplice=atom();
								if (0==inputState.guessing)
								{
									id=begin1;
								}
								break;
							}
							case SELF:
							{
								s = LT(1);
								match(SELF);
								if (0==inputState.guessing)
								{
									id=s;
								}
								break;
							}
							default:
							{
								throw new NoViableAltException(LT(1), getFilename());
							}
							 }
						}
						{
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

 public MemberReferenceExpression CreateReference(LexicalInfo li, Field field)
 {
     MemberReferenceExpression e = CreateReference(field);
     e.LexicalInfo = li;
     return e;
 }

 public Field CreateField(string name, IType type)
 {
     Field field = new Field();
     field.Modifiers = TypeMemberModifiers.Protected;
     field.Name = name;
     field.Type = CreateTypeReference(type);
     field.Entity = new InternalField(field);
     field.IsSynthetic = true;
     return field;
 }