func NewReciept(contractCreation bool, creationAddress, hash, address []byte) *Receipt {
	return &Receipt{
		contractCreation,
		common.ToHex(creationAddress),
		common.ToHex(hash),
		common.ToHex(address),
	}
}

// NewWhisperMessage converts an internal message into an API version.
func NewWhisperMessage(message *Message) WhisperMessage {
	return WhisperMessage{
		ref: message,

		Payload: common.ToHex(message.Payload),
		From:    common.ToHex(crypto.FromECDSAPub(message.Recover())),
		To:      common.ToHex(crypto.FromECDSAPub(message.To)),
		Sent:    message.Sent.Unix(),
		TTL:     int64(message.TTL / time.Second),
		Hash:    common.ToHex(message.Hash.Bytes()),
	}
}

func (self *Object) Storage() (storage map[string]string) {
	storage = make(map[string]string)

	it := self.StateObject.Trie().Iterator()
	for it.Next() {
		var data []byte
		rlp.Decode(bytes.NewReader(it.Value), &data)
		storage[common.ToHex(self.Trie().GetKey(it.Key))] = common.ToHex(data)
	}

	return
}

func (self *XEth) EachStorage(addr string) string {
	var values []KeyVal
	object := self.State().SafeGet(addr)
	it := object.Trie().Iterator()
	for it.Next() {
		values = append(values, KeyVal{common.ToHex(object.Trie().GetKey(it.Key)), common.ToHex(it.Value)})
	}

	valuesJson, err := json.Marshal(values)
	if err != nil {
		return ""
	}

	return string(valuesJson)
}

func NewTx(tx *types.Transaction) *Transaction {
	sender, err := tx.From()
	if err != nil {
		return nil
	}
	hash := tx.Hash().Hex()

	var receiver string
	if to := tx.To(); to != nil {
		receiver = to.Hex()
	} else {
		from, _ := tx.From()
		receiver = crypto.CreateAddress(from, tx.Nonce()).Hex()
	}
	createsContract := core.MessageCreatesContract(tx)

	var data string
	if createsContract {
		data = strings.Join(core.Disassemble(tx.Data()), "\n")
	} else {
		data = common.ToHex(tx.Data())
	}

	return &Transaction{ref: tx, Hash: hash, Value: common.CurrencyToString(tx.Value()), Address: receiver, Contract: createsContract, Gas: tx.Gas().String(), GasPrice: tx.GasPrice().String(), Data: data, Sender: sender.Hex(), CreatesContract: createsContract, RawData: common.ToHex(tx.Data())}
}

// Creates a new QML Block from a chain block
func NewBlock(block *types.Block) *Block {
	if block == nil {
		return &Block{}
	}

	ptxs := make([]*Transaction, len(block.Transactions()))
	/*
		for i, tx := range block.Transactions() {
			ptxs[i] = NewTx(tx)
		}
	*/
	txlist := common.NewList(ptxs)

	puncles := make([]*Block, len(block.Uncles()))
	/*
		for i, uncle := range block.Uncles() {
			puncles[i] = NewBlock(types.NewBlockWithHeader(uncle))
		}
	*/
	ulist := common.NewList(puncles)

	return &Block{
		ref: block, Size: block.Size().String(),
		Number: int(block.NumberU64()), GasUsed: block.GasUsed().String(),
		GasLimit: block.GasLimit().String(), Hash: block.Hash().Hex(),
		Transactions: txlist, Uncles: ulist,
		Time:     block.Time(),
		Coinbase: block.Coinbase().Hex(),
		PrevHash: block.ParentHash().Hex(),
		Bloom:    common.ToHex(block.Bloom().Bytes()),
		Raw:      block.String(),
	}
}

// ContractCall implements ContractCaller.ContractCall, delegating the execution of
// a contract call to the remote node, returning the reply to for local processing.
func (b *rpcBackend) ContractCall(contract common.Address, data []byte, pending bool) ([]byte, error) {
	// Pack up the request into an RPC argument
	args := struct {
		To   common.Address `json:"to"`
		Data string         `json:"data"`
	}{
		To:   contract,
		Data: common.ToHex(data),
	}
	// Execute the RPC call and retrieve the response
	block := "latest"
	if pending {
		block = "pending"
	}
	res, err := b.request("exp_call", []interface{}{args, block})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	var hex string
	if err := json.Unmarshal(res, &hex); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	// Convert the response back to a Go byte slice and return
	return common.FromHex(hex), nil
}

// EstimateGasLimit implements ContractTransactor.EstimateGasLimit, delegating
// the gas estimation to the remote node.
func (b *rpcBackend) EstimateGasLimit(sender common.Address, contract *common.Address, value *big.Int, data []byte) (*big.Int, error) {
	// Pack up the request into an RPC argument
	args := struct {
		From  common.Address  `json:"from"`
		To    *common.Address `json:"to"`
		Value *rpc.HexNumber  `json:"value"`
		Data  string          `json:"data"`
	}{
		From:  sender,
		To:    contract,
		Data:  common.ToHex(data),
		Value: rpc.NewHexNumber(value),
	}
	// Execute the RPC call and retrieve the response
	res, err := b.request("exp_estimateGas", []interface{}{args})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	var hex string
	if err := json.Unmarshal(res, &hex); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	estimate, ok := new(big.Int).SetString(hex, 0)
	if !ok {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid estimate hex: %s", hex)
	}
	return estimate, nil
}

// NewIdentity generates a new cryptographic identity for the client, and injects
// it into the known identities for message decryption.
func (s *PublicWhisperAPI) NewIdentity() (string, error) {
	if s.w == nil {
		return "", whisperOffLineErr
	}

	identity := s.w.NewIdentity()
	return common.ToHex(crypto.FromECDSAPub(&identity.PublicKey)), nil
}

// Calculates the sha3 over req.Params.Data
func (self *web3Api) Sha3(req *shared.Request) (interface{}, error) {
	args := new(Sha3Args)
	if err := self.codec.Decode(req.Params, &args); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return common.ToHex(crypto.Sha3(common.FromHex(args.Data))), nil
}

// EstimateGasLimit implements bind.ContractTransactor triing to estimate the gas
// needed to execute a specific transaction based on the current pending state of
// the backend blockchain. There is no guarantee that this is the true gas limit
// requirement as other transactions may be added or removed by miners, but it
// should provide a basis for setting a reasonable default.
func (b *ContractBackend) EstimateGasLimit(sender common.Address, contract *common.Address, value *big.Int, data []byte) (*big.Int, error) {
	out, err := b.bcapi.EstimateGas(CallArgs{
		From:  sender,
		To:    contract,
		Value: *rpc.NewHexNumber(value),
		Data:  common.ToHex(data),
	})
	return out.BigInt(), err
}

func (self *testBackend) initUrlHint() {
	self.contracts[UrlHintAddr[2:]] = make(map[string]string)
	mapaddr := storageMapping(storageIdx2Addr(1), hash[:])

	key := storageAddress(storageFixedArray(mapaddr, storageIdx2Addr(0)))
	self.contracts[UrlHintAddr[2:]][key] = common.ToHex([]byte(url))
	key = storageAddress(storageFixedArray(mapaddr, storageIdx2Addr(1)))
	self.contracts[UrlHintAddr[2:]][key] = "0x0"
}

func (self *XEth) Sign(fromStr, hashStr string, didUnlock bool) (string, error) {
	var (
		from = common.HexToAddress(fromStr)
		hash = common.HexToHash(hashStr)
	)
	sig, err := self.doSign(from, hash, didUnlock)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	return common.ToHex(sig), nil
}

// ContractCall implements bind.ContractCaller executing an Ethereum contract
// call with the specified data as the input. The pending flag requests execution
// against the pending block, not the stable head of the chain.
func (b *ContractBackend) ContractCall(contract common.Address, data []byte, pending bool) ([]byte, error) {
	// Convert the input args to the API spec
	args := CallArgs{
		To:   &contract,
		Data: common.ToHex(data),
	}
	block := rpc.LatestBlockNumber
	if pending {
		block = rpc.PendingBlockNumber
	}
	// Execute the call and convert the output back to Go types
	out, err := b.bcapi.Call(args, block)
	return common.FromHex(out), err
}

// SendTransaction implements ContractTransactor.SendTransaction, delegating the
// raw transaction injection to the remote node.
func (b *rpcBackend) SendTransaction(tx *types.Transaction) error {
	data, err := rlp.EncodeToBytes(tx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	res, err := b.request("exp_sendRawTransaction", []interface{}{common.ToHex(data)})
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	var hex string
	if err := json.Unmarshal(res, &hex); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return nil
}

func (self *XEth) Call(fromStr, toStr, valueStr, gasStr, gasPriceStr, dataStr string) (string, string, error) {
	statedb := self.State().State().Copy()
	var from *state.StateObject
	if len(fromStr) == 0 {
		accounts, err := self.backend.AccountManager().Accounts()
		if err != nil || len(accounts) == 0 {
			from = statedb.GetOrNewStateObject(common.Address{})
		} else {
			from = statedb.GetOrNewStateObject(accounts[0].Address)
		}
	} else {
		from = statedb.GetOrNewStateObject(common.HexToAddress(fromStr))
	}

	from.SetBalance(common.MaxBig)
	from.SetGasLimit(common.MaxBig)

	msg := callmsg{
		from:     from,
		gas:      common.Big(gasStr),
		gasPrice: common.Big(gasPriceStr),
		value:    common.Big(valueStr),
		data:     common.FromHex(dataStr),
	}
	if len(toStr) > 0 {
		addr := common.HexToAddress(toStr)
		msg.to = &addr
	}

	if msg.gas.Cmp(big.NewInt(0)) == 0 {
		msg.gas = big.NewInt(50000000)
	}

	if msg.gasPrice.Cmp(big.NewInt(0)) == 0 {
		msg.gasPrice = self.DefaultGasPrice()
	}

	header := self.CurrentBlock().Header()
	vmenv := core.NewEnv(statedb, self.backend.ChainManager(), msg, header)

	res, gas, err := core.ApplyMessage(vmenv, msg, from)
	return common.ToHex(res), gas.String(), err
}

func NewTestBackend() *testBackend {
	HashRegAddr = common.BigToAddress(common.Big0).Hex() //[2:]
	UrlHintAddr = common.BigToAddress(common.Big1).Hex() //[2:]
	self := &testBackend{}
	self.contracts = make(map[string](map[string]string))

	self.contracts[HashRegAddr[2:]] = make(map[string]string)
	key := storageAddress(storageMapping(storageIdx2Addr(1), codehash[:]))
	self.contracts[HashRegAddr[2:]][key] = hash.Hex()

	self.contracts[UrlHintAddr[2:]] = make(map[string]string)
	mapaddr := storageMapping(storageIdx2Addr(1), hash[:])

	key = storageAddress(storageFixedArray(mapaddr, storageIdx2Addr(0)))
	self.contracts[UrlHintAddr[2:]][key] = common.ToHex([]byte(url))
	key = storageAddress(storageFixedArray(mapaddr, storageIdx2Addr(1)))
	self.contracts[UrlHintAddr[2:]][key] = "0x0"
	return self
}

func abiSignature(s string) string {
	return common.ToHex(crypto.Keccak256([]byte(s))[:4])
}

// Sha3 applies the expanse sha3 implementation on the input.
// It assumes the input is hex encoded.
func (s *PublicWeb3API) Sha3(input string) string {
	return common.ToHex(crypto.Keccak256(common.FromHex(input)))
}

func abiSignature(s string) string {
	return common.ToHex(crypto.Sha3([]byte(s))[:4])
}