func (s *DeployerSuite) waitForJobEvents(t *c.C, jobType string, events chan *ct.Job, expected []*ct.Job) {
	debugf(t, "waiting for %d job events", len(expected))
	actual := make([]*ct.Job, 0, len(expected))
loop:
	for {
		select {
		case e, ok := <-events:
			if !ok {
				t.Fatal("unexpected close of job event stream")
			}
			// only track up and down events as we can't always
			// predict the order of pending / starting / stopping
			// events when scaling multiple jobs
			if e.State != ct.JobStateUp && e.State != ct.JobStateDown {
				continue
			}
			actual = append(actual, e)
			if len(actual) == len(expected) {
				break loop
			}
		case <-time.After(60 * time.Second):
			t.Fatal("timed out waiting for job events")
		}
	}
	for i, event := range expected {
		t.Assert(actual[i].ReleaseID, c.Equals, event.ReleaseID)
		t.Assert(actual[i].State, c.Equals, event.State)
		t.Assert(actual[i].Type, c.Equals, jobType)
	}
}

func (s *HostSuite) TestAttachFinishedInteractiveJob(t *c.C) {
	cluster := s.clusterClient(t)

	// run a quick interactive job
	cmd := exec.CommandUsingCluster(cluster, exec.DockerImage(imageURIs["test-apps"]), "/bin/true")
	cmd.TTY = true
	runErr := make(chan error)
	go func() {
		runErr <- cmd.Run()
	}()
	select {
	case err := <-runErr:
		t.Assert(err, c.IsNil)
	case <-time.After(30 * time.Second):
		t.Fatal("timed out waiting for interactive job")
	}

	h, err := cluster.Host(cmd.HostID)
	t.Assert(err, c.IsNil)

	// Getting the logs for the job should fail, as it has none because it was
	// interactive
	attachErr := make(chan error)
	go func() {
		_, err = h.Attach(&host.AttachReq{JobID: cmd.Job.ID, Flags: host.AttachFlagLogs}, false)
		attachErr <- err
	}()
	select {
	case err := <-attachErr:
		t.Assert(err, c.NotNil)
	case <-time.After(time.Second):
		t.Error("timed out waiting for attach")
	}
}

func (s *HostSuite) TestResourceLimits(t *c.C) {
	cmd := exec.JobUsingCluster(
		s.clusterClient(t),
		exec.DockerImage(imageURIs["test-apps"]),
		&host.Job{
			Config:    host.ContainerConfig{Args: []string{"sh", "-c", resourceCmd}},
			Resources: testResources(),
		},
	)
	var out bytes.Buffer
	cmd.Stdout = &out

	runErr := make(chan error)
	go func() {
		runErr <- cmd.Run()
	}()
	select {
	case err := <-runErr:
		t.Assert(err, c.IsNil)
	case <-time.After(30 * time.Second):
		t.Fatal("timed out waiting for resource limits job")
	}

	assertResourceLimits(t, out.String())
}

func (s *ControllerSuite) TestExampleOutput(t *c.C) {
	examples := s.generateControllerExamples(t)
	exampleKeys := make([]string, 0, len(examples))
	skipExamples := []string{"migrate_cluster_domain"}
examplesLoop:
	for key := range examples {
		for _, skipKey := range skipExamples {
			if key == skipKey {
				continue examplesLoop
			}
		}
		exampleKeys = append(exampleKeys, key)
	}
	sort.Strings(exampleKeys)
	for _, key := range exampleKeys {
		cacheKey := "https://flynn.io/schema/examples/controller/" + key
		schema := s.schemaCache[cacheKey]
		if schema == nil {
			continue
		}
		data := examples[key]
		errs := schema.Validate(nil, data)
		var jsonData []byte
		if len(errs) > 0 {
			jsonData, _ = json.MarshalIndent(data, "", "\t")
		}
		t.Assert(errs, c.HasLen, 0, c.Commentf("%s validation errors: %v\ndata: %v\n", cacheKey, errs, string(jsonData)))
	}
}

func (s *CLISuite) TestLog(t *c.C) {
	app := s.newCliTestApp(t)
	defer app.cleanup()
	t.Assert(app.flynn("run", "-d", "echo", "hello", "world"), Succeeds)
	app.waitFor(ct.JobEvents{"": {ct.JobStateUp: 1, ct.JobStateDown: 1}})
	t.Assert(app.flynn("log", "--raw-output"), Outputs, "hello world\n")
}

func (s *HealthcheckSuite) TestWithoutChecker(t *c.C) {
	// start app with a service but no checker
	app, _ := s.createAppWithService(t, "ping", &host.Service{
		Name:   "ping-without-checker",
		Create: true,
	})
	t.Assert(flynn(t, "/", "-a", app.Name, "scale", "ping=1"), Succeeds)
	// make sure app is registered and unregistered when the process terminates
	_, err := s.discoverdClient(t).Instances("ping-without-checker", 3*time.Second)
	t.Assert(err, c.IsNil)

	events := make(chan *discoverd.Event)
	stream, err := s.discoverdClient(t).Service("ping-without-checker").Watch(events)
	defer stream.Close()
	t.Assert(err, c.IsNil)

	t.Assert(flynn(t, "/", "-a", app.Name, "scale", "ping=0"), Succeeds)

outer:
	for {
		select {
		case e := <-events:
			if e.Kind != discoverd.EventKindDown {
				continue
			}
			break outer
		case <-time.After(time.Second * 30):
			t.Error("Timed out waiting for a down event!")
		}
	}
}

func (s *SchedulerSuite) TestTCPApp(t *c.C) {
	app, _ := s.createApp(t)

	t.Assert(flynn(t, "/", "-a", app.Name, "scale", "echoer=1"), Succeeds)

	newRoute := flynn(t, "/", "-a", app.Name, "route", "add", "tcp", "-s", "echo-service")
	t.Assert(newRoute, Succeeds)
	t.Assert(newRoute.Output, Matches, `.+ on port \d+`)
	str := strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(string(newRoute.Output)), " ")
	port := str[len(str)-1]

	// use Attempts to give the processes time to start
	if err := Attempts.Run(func() error {
		servAddr := routerIP + ":" + port
		conn, err := net.Dial("tcp", servAddr)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		defer conn.Close()
		msg := []byte("hello there!\n")
		_, err = conn.Write(msg)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		reply := make([]byte, len(msg))
		_, err = conn.Read(reply)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		t.Assert(reply, c.DeepEquals, msg)
		return nil
	}); err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
}

func (s *CLISuite) TestLogStderr(t *c.C) {
	app := s.newCliTestApp(t)
	defer app.cleanup()
	t.Assert(app.flynn("run", "-d", "sh", "-c", "echo hello && echo world >&2"), Succeeds)
	app.waitFor(ct.JobEvents{"": {ct.JobStateUp: 1, ct.JobStateDown: 1}})
	runLog := func(split bool) (stdout, stderr bytes.Buffer) {
		args := []string{"log", "--raw-output"}
		if split {
			args = append(args, "--split-stderr")
		}
		args = append(args)
		log := app.flynnCmd(args...)
		log.Stdout = &stdout
		log.Stderr = &stderr
		t.Assert(log.Run(), c.IsNil, c.Commentf("STDERR = %q", stderr.String()))
		return
	}
	stdout, stderr := runLog(false)
	// non-deterministic order
	t.Assert(stdout.String(), Matches, "hello")
	t.Assert(stdout.String(), Matches, "world")
	t.Assert(stderr.String(), c.Equals, "")
	stdout, stderr = runLog(true)
	t.Assert(stdout.String(), c.Equals, "hello\n")
	t.Assert(stderr.String(), c.Equals, "world\n")
}

func (s *VolumeSuite) TestInterhostVolumeTransmitAPI(t *c.C) {
	hosts, err := s.clusterClient(t).Hosts()
	t.Assert(err, c.IsNil)
	if len(hosts) < 2 {
		t.Skip("need multiple hosts for this test")
	}
	s.doVolumeTransmitAPI(hosts[0], hosts[1], t)
}

func (s *HostSuite) TestGetNonExistentJob(t *c.C) {
	cluster := s.clusterClient(t)
	hosts, err := cluster.Hosts()
	t.Assert(err, c.IsNil)

	// Getting a non-existent job should error
	_, err = hosts[0].GetJob("i-dont-exist")
	t.Assert(hh.IsObjectNotFoundError(err), c.Equals, true)
}

func (s *HostSuite) TestAttachNonExistentJob(t *c.C) {
	cluster := s.clusterClient(t)
	hosts, err := cluster.Hosts()
	t.Assert(err, c.IsNil)

	// Attaching to a non-existent job should error
	_, err = hosts[0].Attach(&host.AttachReq{JobID: "none", Flags: host.AttachFlagLogs}, false)
	t.Assert(err, c.NotNil)
}

func (s *CLISuite) TestDeployTimeout(t *c.C) {
	timeout := flynn(t, "/", "-a", "status", "deployment", "timeout")
	t.Assert(timeout, Succeeds)
	t.Assert(timeout.Output, c.Equals, "120\n")

	t.Assert(flynn(t, "/", "-a", "status", "deployment", "timeout", "150"), Succeeds)
	timeout = flynn(t, "/", "-a", "status", "deployment", "timeout")
	t.Assert(timeout, Succeeds)
	t.Assert(timeout.Output, c.Equals, "150\n")
}

func (s *BlobstoreSuite) TestBlobstoreBackendAzure(t *c.C) {
	s3Config := os.Getenv("BLOBSTORE_AZURE_CONFIG")
	if s3Config == "" {
		// BLOBSTORE_AZURE_CONFIG should be set to a valid configuration like:
		// backend=azure account_name=xxx account_key=xxx container=blobstore-ci
		t.Skip("missing BLOBSTORE_AZURE_CONFIG env var")
	}

	s.testBlobstoreBackend(t, "azure", ".+blob.core.windows.net.+", `"BACKEND_AZURE=$BLOBSTORE_AZURE_CONFIG"`)
}

func (s *BlobstoreSuite) TestBlobstoreBackendS3(t *c.C) {
	s3Config := os.Getenv("BLOBSTORE_S3_CONFIG")
	if s3Config == "" {
		// BLOBSTORE_S3_CONFIG should be set to a valid configuration like:
		// backend=s3 access_key_id=xxx secret_access_key=xxx bucket=blobstore-ci region=us-east-1
		t.Skip("missing BLOBSTORE_S3_CONFIG env var")
	}

	s.testBlobstoreBackend(t, "s3", ".+s3.amazonaws.com.+", `"BACKEND_S3=$BLOBSTORE_S3_CONFIG"`)
}

func (s *HealthcheckSuite) TestChecker(t *c.C) {
	// start app with ping service, register with checker
	app, _ := s.createAppWithService(t, "ping", &host.Service{
		Name:   "ping-checker",
		Create: true,
		Check:  &host.HealthCheck{Type: "tcp"},
	})
	t.Assert(flynn(t, "/", "-a", app.Name, "scale", "ping=1"), Succeeds)
	_, err := s.discoverdClient(t).Instances("ping-checker", 10*time.Second)
	t.Assert(err, c.IsNil)
}

func (h *Helper) controllerClient(t *c.C) controller.Client {
	h.controllerMtx.Lock()
	defer h.controllerMtx.Unlock()
	if h.controller == nil {
		conf := h.clusterConf(t)
		var err error
		h.controller, err = conf.Client()
		t.Assert(err, c.IsNil)
	}
	return h.controller
}

func (h *Helper) clusterConf(t *c.C) *config.Cluster {
	h.configMtx.Lock()
	defer h.configMtx.Unlock()
	if h.config == nil {
		conf, err := config.ReadFile(flynnrc)
		t.Assert(err, c.IsNil)
		t.Assert(conf.Clusters, c.HasLen, 1)
		h.config = conf.Clusters[0]
	}
	return h.config
}

func (s *CLISuite) TestRunLimits(t *c.C) {
	app := s.newCliTestApp(t)
	defer app.cleanup()
	cmd := app.flynn("run", "sh", "-c", resourceCmd)
	t.Assert(cmd, Succeeds)
	defaults := resource.Defaults()
	limits := strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(cmd.Output), "\n")
	t.Assert(limits, c.HasLen, 3)
	t.Assert(limits[0], c.Equals, strconv.FormatInt(*defaults[resource.TypeMemory].Limit, 10))
	t.Assert(limits[1], c.Equals, strconv.FormatInt(1024, 10))
	t.Assert(limits[2], c.Equals, strconv.FormatInt(*defaults[resource.TypeMaxFD].Limit, 10))
}

func (s *HealthcheckSuite) TestFailure(t *c.C) {
	// start an app that is failing checks
	app, _ := s.createAppWithService(t, "printer", &host.Service{
		Name:   "healthcheck-failure",
		Create: true,
		Check:  &host.HealthCheck{Type: "tcp"},
	})
	t.Assert(flynn(t, "/", "-a", app.Name, "scale", "printer=1"), Succeeds)
	// confirm that it's never registered
	_, err := s.discoverdClient(t).Instances("healthcheck-failure", 5*time.Second)
	t.Assert(err, c.NotNil)
}

func (s *GitDeploySuite) TestEmptyRelease(t *c.C) {
	r := s.newGitRepo(t, "empty-release")
	t.Assert(r.flynn("create"), Succeeds)
	t.Assert(r.flynn("env", "set", "BUILDPACK_URL=https://github.com/kr/heroku-buildpack-inline"), Succeeds)

	push := r.git("push", "flynn", "master")
	t.Assert(push, Succeeds)

	run := r.flynn("run", "echo", "foo")
	t.Assert(run, Succeeds)
	t.Assert(run, Outputs, "foo\n")
}