func RunUpdate(f *cmdutil.Factory, out io.Writer, cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, filenames util.StringList) error {
	schema, err := f.Validator()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	cmdNamespace, err := f.DefaultNamespace()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	patch := cmdutil.GetFlagString(cmd, "patch")
	if len(filenames) == 0 && len(patch) == 0 {
		return cmdutil.UsageError(cmd, "Must specify --filename or --patch to update")
	}
	if len(filenames) != 0 && len(patch) != 0 {
		return cmdutil.UsageError(cmd, "Can not specify both --filename and --patch")
	}

	// TODO: Make patching work with -f, updating with patched JSON input files
	if len(filenames) == 0 {
		name, err := updateWithPatch(cmd, args, f, patch)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		fmt.Fprintf(out, "%s\n", name)
		return nil
	}
	if len(filenames) == 0 {
		return cmdutil.UsageError(cmd, "Must specify --filename to update")
	}

	mapper, typer := f.Object()
	r := resource.NewBuilder(mapper, typer, f.ClientMapperForCommand()).
		Schema(schema).
		ContinueOnError().
		NamespaceParam(cmdNamespace).RequireNamespace().
		FilenameParam(filenames...).
		Flatten().
		Do()
	err = r.Err()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return r.Visit(func(info *resource.Info) error {
		data, err := info.Mapping.Codec.Encode(info.Object)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		obj, err := resource.NewHelper(info.Client, info.Mapping).Update(info.Namespace, info.Name, true, data)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		info.Refresh(obj, true)
		printObjectSpecificMessage(obj, out)
		fmt.Fprintf(out, "%s/%s\n", info.Mapping.Resource, info.Name)
		return nil
	})
}

func deleteResource(info *resource.Info, out io.Writer, shortOutput bool, mapper meta.RESTMapper) error {
	if err := resource.NewHelper(info.Client, info.Mapping).Delete(info.Namespace, info.Name); err != nil {
		return cmdutil.AddSourceToErr("deleting", info.Source, err)
	}
	cmdutil.PrintSuccess(mapper, shortOutput, out, info.Mapping.Resource, info.Name, "deleted")
	return nil
}

func deleteResource(info *resource.Info, out io.Writer) error {
	if err := resource.NewHelper(info.Client, info.Mapping).Delete(info.Namespace, info.Name); err != nil {
		return cmdutil.AddSourceToErr("deleting", info.Source, err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(out, "%s/%s\n", info.Mapping.Resource, info.Name)
	return nil
}

func (f *Factory) NewCmdDelete(out io.Writer) *cobra.Command {
	flags := &struct {
		Filenames util.StringList
	}{}
	cmd := &cobra.Command{
		Use:   "delete ([-f filename] | (<resource> [(<id> | -l <label>)]",
		Short: "Delete a resource by filename, stdin or resource and id",
		Long: `Delete a resource by filename, stdin, resource and id or by resources and label selector.

JSON and YAML formats are accepted.

If both a filename and command line arguments are passed, the command line
arguments are used and the filename is ignored.

Note that the delete command does NOT do resource version checks, so if someone
submits an update to a resource right when you submit a delete, their update
will be lost along with the rest of the resource.

Examples:
  $ kubectl delete -f pod.json
  <delete a pod using the type and id pod.json>

  $ cat pod.json | kubectl delete -f -
  <delete a pod based on the type and id in the json passed into stdin>

  $ kubectl delete pods,services -l name=myLabel
  <delete pods and services with label name=myLabel>

  $ kubectl delete pod 1234-56-7890-234234-456456
  <delete a pod with ID 1234-56-7890-234234-456456>`,
		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
			mapper, typer := f.Object(cmd)
			r := resource.NewBuilder(mapper, typer, ClientMapperForCommand(cmd, f)).
				ContinueOnError().
				NamespaceParam(GetKubeNamespace(cmd)).DefaultNamespace().
				FilenameParam(flags.Filenames...).
				SelectorParam(GetFlagString(cmd, "selector")).
				ResourceTypeOrNameArgs(args...).
				Flatten().
				Do()

			found := 0
			err := r.IgnoreErrors(errors.IsNotFound).Visit(func(r *resource.Info) error {
				found++
				if err := resource.NewHelper(r.Client, r.Mapping).Delete(r.Namespace, r.Name); err != nil {
					return err
				}
				fmt.Fprintf(out, "%s\n", r.Name)
				return nil
			})
			checkErr(err)
			if found == 0 {
				fmt.Fprintf(cmd.Out(), "No resources found\n")
			}
		},
	}
	cmd.Flags().VarP(&flags.Filenames, "filename", "f", "Filename, directory, or URL to a file containing the resource to delete")
	cmd.Flags().StringP("selector", "l", "", "Selector (label query) to filter on")
	return cmd
}

// Create attempts to create each item generically, gathering all errors in the
// event a failure occurs. The contents of list will be updated to include the
// version from the server.
func (b *Bulk) Create(list *kapi.List, namespace string) []error {
	resourceMapper := &resource.Mapper{b.Typer, b.Mapper, resource.ClientMapperFunc(b.RESTClientFactory)}
	after := b.After
	if after == nil {
		after = func(*resource.Info, error) {}
	}

	errs := []error{}
	for i, item := range list.Items {
		info, err := resourceMapper.InfoForObject(item)
		if err != nil {
			errs = append(errs, err)
			after(info, err)
			continue
		}
		data, err := info.Mapping.Codec.Encode(item)
		if err != nil {
			errs = append(errs, err)
			after(info, err)
			continue
		}
		obj, err := resource.NewHelper(info.Client, info.Mapping).Create(namespace, false, data)
		if err != nil {
			errs = append(errs, err)
			after(info, err)
			continue
		}
		info.Refresh(obj, true)
		list.Items[i] = obj
		after(info, nil)
	}
	return errs
}

func (f *Factory) NewCmdCreate(out io.Writer) *cobra.Command {
	flags := &struct {
		Filenames util.StringList
	}{}
	cmd := &cobra.Command{
		Use:   "create -f filename",
		Short: "Create a resource by filename or stdin",
		Long: `Create a resource by filename or stdin.

JSON and YAML formats are accepted.

Examples:
  $ kubectl create -f pod.json
  <create a pod using the data in pod.json>

  $ cat pod.json | kubectl create -f -
  <create a pod based on the json passed into stdin>`,
		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
			schema, err := f.Validator(cmd)
			checkErr(err)

			cmdNamespace, err := f.DefaultNamespace(cmd)
			checkErr(err)

			mapper, typer := f.Object(cmd)
			r := resource.NewBuilder(mapper, typer, ClientMapperForCommand(cmd, f)).
				ContinueOnError().
				NamespaceParam(cmdNamespace).RequireNamespace().
				FilenameParam(flags.Filenames...).
				Flatten().
				Do()

			count := 0
			err = r.Visit(func(info *resource.Info) error {
				data, err := info.Mapping.Codec.Encode(info.Object)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				if err := schema.ValidateBytes(data); err != nil {
					return err
				}
				if err := resource.NewHelper(info.Client, info.Mapping).Create(info.Namespace, true, data); err != nil {
					return err
				}
				count++
				// TODO: if generation of names added to server side, change this to use the server's name
				fmt.Fprintf(out, "%s\n", info.Name)
				return nil
			})
			checkErr(err)
			if count == 0 {
				checkErr(fmt.Errorf("no objects passed to create"))
			}
		},
	}
	cmd.Flags().VarP(&flags.Filenames, "filename", "f", "Filename, directory, or URL to file to use to create the resource")
	return cmd
}

func updateWithPatch(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, f *cmdutil.Factory, patch string) (string, error) {
	cmdNamespace, err := f.DefaultNamespace()
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	mapper, typer := f.Object()
	r := resource.NewBuilder(mapper, typer, f.ClientMapperForCommand()).
		ContinueOnError().
		NamespaceParam(cmdNamespace).DefaultNamespace().
		ResourceTypeOrNameArgs(false, args...).
		Flatten().
		Do()
	err = r.Err()
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	mapping, err := r.ResourceMapping()
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	client, err := f.RESTClient(mapping)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	infos, err := r.Infos()
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	name, namespace := infos[0].Name, infos[0].Namespace

	helper := resource.NewHelper(client, mapping)
	obj, err := helper.Get(namespace, name)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	patchedObj, err := cmdutil.Merge(obj, patch, mapping.Kind)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	data, err := helper.Codec.Encode(patchedObj)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	_, err = helper.Update(namespace, name, true, data)
	return name, err
}

func RunReplace(f *cmdutil.Factory, out io.Writer, cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, filenames util.StringList) error {
	if os.Args[1] == "update" {
		printDeprecationWarning("replace", "update")
	}
	schema, err := f.Validator()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	cmdNamespace, enforceNamespace, err := f.DefaultNamespace()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	force := cmdutil.GetFlagBool(cmd, "force")
	if len(filenames) == 0 {
		return cmdutil.UsageError(cmd, "Must specify --filename to replace")
	}

	if force {
		return forceReplace(f, out, cmd, args, filenames)
	}

	mapper, typer := f.Object()
	r := resource.NewBuilder(mapper, typer, f.ClientMapperForCommand()).
		Schema(schema).
		ContinueOnError().
		NamespaceParam(cmdNamespace).DefaultNamespace().
		FilenameParam(enforceNamespace, filenames...).
		Flatten().
		Do()
	err = r.Err()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return r.Visit(func(info *resource.Info) error {
		data, err := info.Mapping.Codec.Encode(info.Object)
		if err != nil {
			return cmdutil.AddSourceToErr("replacing", info.Source, err)
		}
		obj, err := resource.NewHelper(info.Client, info.Mapping).Replace(info.Namespace, info.Name, true, data)
		if err != nil {
			return cmdutil.AddSourceToErr("replacing", info.Source, err)
		}
		info.Refresh(obj, true)
		printObjectSpecificMessage(obj, out)
		fmt.Fprintf(out, "%s/%s\n", info.Mapping.Resource, info.Name)
		return nil
	})
}

func RunCreate(f *cmdutil.Factory, out io.Writer, filenames util.StringList, shortOutput bool) error {
	schema, err := f.Validator()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	cmdNamespace, enforceNamespace, err := f.DefaultNamespace()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	mapper, typer := f.Object()
	r := resource.NewBuilder(mapper, typer, f.ClientMapperForCommand()).
		Schema(schema).
		ContinueOnError().
		NamespaceParam(cmdNamespace).DefaultNamespace().
		FilenameParam(enforceNamespace, filenames...).
		Flatten().
		Do()
	err = r.Err()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	count := 0
	err = r.Visit(func(info *resource.Info) error {
		data, err := info.Mapping.Codec.Encode(info.Object)
		if err != nil {
			return cmdutil.AddSourceToErr("creating", info.Source, err)
		}
		obj, err := resource.NewHelper(info.Client, info.Mapping).Create(info.Namespace, true, data)
		if err != nil {
			return cmdutil.AddSourceToErr("creating", info.Source, err)
		}
		count++
		info.Refresh(obj, true)
		if !shortOutput {
			printObjectSpecificMessage(info.Object, out)
		}
		cmdutil.PrintSuccess(mapper, shortOutput, out, info.Mapping.Resource, info.Name, "created")
		return nil
	})
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if count == 0 {
		return fmt.Errorf("no objects passed to create")
	}
	return nil
}

func (f *Factory) NewCmdDelete(out io.Writer) *cobra.Command {
	cmd := &cobra.Command{
		Use:   "delete ([-f filename] | (<resource> [(<id> | -l <label>)]",
		Short: "Delete a resource by filename, stdin or resource and id",
		Long: `Delete a resource by filename, stdin, resource and id or by resources and label selector.

JSON and YAML formats are accepted.

If both a filename and command line arguments are passed, the command line
arguments are used and the filename is ignored.

Note that the delete command does NOT do resource version checks, so if someone
submits an update to a resource right when you submit a delete, their update
will be lost along with the rest of the resource.

Examples:
  $ kubectl delete -f pod.json
  <delete a pod using the type and id pod.json>

  $ cat pod.json | kubectl delete -f -
  <delete a pod based on the type and id in the json passed into stdin>

  $ kubectl delete pods,services -l name=myLabel
  <delete pods and services with label name=myLabel>

  $ kubectl delete pod 1234-56-7890-234234-456456
  <delete a pod with ID 1234-56-7890-234234-456456>`,
		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
			filename := GetFlagString(cmd, "filename")
			schema, err := f.Validator(cmd)
			checkErr(err)
			selector := GetFlagString(cmd, "selector")
			found := 0
			ResourcesFromArgsOrFile(cmd, args, filename, selector, f.Typer, f.Mapper, f.RESTClient, schema).Visit(func(r *resource.Info) error {
				found++
				if err := resource.NewHelper(r.Client, r.Mapping).Delete(r.Namespace, r.Name); err != nil {
					return err
				}
				fmt.Fprintf(out, "%s\n", r.Name)
				return nil
			})
			if found == 0 {
				glog.V(2).Infof("No resource(s) found")
			}
		},
	}
	cmd.Flags().StringP("filename", "f", "", "Filename or URL to file to use to delete the resource")
	cmd.Flags().StringP("selector", "l", "", "Selector (label query) to filter on")
	return cmd
}

func RunCreate(f *cmdutil.Factory, out io.Writer, filenames util.StringList) error {
	schema, err := f.Validator()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	cmdNamespace, err := f.DefaultNamespace()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	mapper, typer := f.Object()
	r := resource.NewBuilder(mapper, typer, f.ClientMapperForCommand()).
		ContinueOnError().
		NamespaceParam(cmdNamespace).RequireNamespace().
		FilenameParam(filenames...).
		Flatten().
		Do()
	err = r.Err()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	count := 0
	err = r.Visit(func(info *resource.Info) error {
		data, err := info.Mapping.Codec.Encode(info.Object)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if err := schema.ValidateBytes(data); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		obj, err := resource.NewHelper(info.Client, info.Mapping).Create(info.Namespace, true, data)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		count++
		info.Refresh(obj, true)
		fmt.Fprintf(out, "%s/%s\n", info.Mapping.Resource, info.Name)
		return nil
	})
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if count == 0 {
		return fmt.Errorf("no objects passed to create")
	}
	return nil
}

func RunPatch(f *cmdutil.Factory, out io.Writer, cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, shortOutput bool) error {
	cmdNamespace, _, err := f.DefaultNamespace()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	patch := cmdutil.GetFlagString(cmd, "patch")
	if len(patch) == 0 {
		return cmdutil.UsageError(cmd, "Must specify -p to patch")
	}

	mapper, typer := f.Object()
	r := resource.NewBuilder(mapper, typer, f.ClientMapperForCommand()).
		ContinueOnError().
		NamespaceParam(cmdNamespace).DefaultNamespace().
		ResourceTypeOrNameArgs(false, args...).
		Flatten().
		Do()
	err = r.Err()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	mapping, err := r.ResourceMapping()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	client, err := f.RESTClient(mapping)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	infos, err := r.Infos()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	name, namespace := infos[0].Name, infos[0].Namespace

	helper := resource.NewHelper(client, mapping)
	_, err = helper.Patch(namespace, name, api.StrategicMergePatchType, []byte(patch))
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	cmdutil.PrintSuccess(mapper, shortOutput, out, "", name, "patched")
	return nil
}

func updateObject(info *resource.Info, updateFn func(runtime.Object) (runtime.Object, error)) (runtime.Object, error) {
	helper := resource.NewHelper(info.Client, info.Mapping)

	obj, err := updateFn(info.Object)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	data, err := helper.Codec.Encode(obj)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	_, err = helper.Update(info.Namespace, info.Name, true, data)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return obj, nil
}

func (f *Factory) NewCmdCreate(out io.Writer) *cobra.Command {
	cmd := &cobra.Command{
		Use:   "create -f filename",
		Short: "Create a resource by filename or stdin",
		Long: `Create a resource by filename or stdin.

JSON and YAML formats are accepted.

Examples:
  $ kubectl create -f pod.json
  <create a pod using the data in pod.json>

  $ cat pod.json | kubectl create -f -
  <create a pod based on the json passed into stdin>`,
		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
			filename := GetFlagString(cmd, "filename")
			if len(filename) == 0 {
				usageError(cmd, "Must specify filename to create")
			}
			schema, err := f.Validator(cmd)
			checkErr(err)
			mapping, namespace, name, data := ResourceFromFile(cmd, filename, f.Typer, f.Mapper, schema)
			client, err := f.RESTClient(cmd, mapping)
			checkErr(err)

			// use the default namespace if not specified, or check for conflict with the file's namespace
			if len(namespace) == 0 {
				namespace = GetKubeNamespace(cmd)
			} else {
				err = CompareNamespaceFromFile(cmd, namespace)
				checkErr(err)
			}

			err = resource.NewHelper(client, mapping).Create(namespace, true, data)
			checkErr(err)
			fmt.Fprintf(out, "%s\n", name)
		},
	}
	cmd.Flags().StringP("filename", "f", "", "Filename or URL to file to use to create the resource")
	return cmd
}

func updateWithPatch(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, f *Factory, patch string) string {
	cmdNamespace, err := f.DefaultNamespace(cmd)
	checkErr(err)

	mapper, _ := f.Object(cmd)
	mapping, namespace, name := ResourceFromArgs(cmd, args, mapper, cmdNamespace)
	client, err := f.RESTClient(cmd, mapping)
	checkErr(err)

	helper := resource.NewHelper(client, mapping)
	obj, err := helper.Get(namespace, name)
	checkErr(err)

	Merge(obj, patch, mapping.Kind)

	data, err := helper.Codec.Encode(obj)
	checkErr(err)

	err = helper.Update(namespace, name, true, data)
	checkErr(err)
	return name
}

// applyPatch reads the latest version of the object, writes it to version, then attempts to merge
// the changes onto it without conflict. If a conflict occurs jsonmerge.IsConflicting(err) is
// true. The info object is mutated
func applyPatch(delta *jsonmerge.Delta, info *resource.Info, version string) error {
	if err := info.Get(); err != nil {
		return patchError{err}
	}
	obj, err := resource.AsVersionedObject([]*resource.Info{info}, false, version)
	if err != nil {
		return patchError{err}
	}
	data, err := info.Mapping.Codec.Encode(obj)
	if err != nil {
		return patchError{err}
	}
	merged, err := delta.Apply(data)
	if err != nil {
		return patchError{err}
	}
	updated, err := resource.NewHelper(info.Client, info.Mapping).Replace(info.Namespace, info.Name, false, merged)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	info.Refresh(updated, true)
	return nil
}

func RunDelete(f *cmdutil.Factory, out io.Writer, cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, filenames util.StringList) error {
	cmdNamespace, err := f.DefaultNamespace()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	mapper, typer := f.Object()
	r := resource.NewBuilder(mapper, typer, f.ClientMapperForCommand()).
		ContinueOnError().
		NamespaceParam(cmdNamespace).DefaultNamespace().
		FilenameParam(filenames...).
		SelectorParam(cmdutil.GetFlagString(cmd, "selector")).
		SelectAllParam(cmdutil.GetFlagBool(cmd, "all")).
		ResourceTypeOrNameArgs(false, args...).RequireObject(false).
		Flatten().
		Do()
	err = r.Err()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	found := 0
	err = r.IgnoreErrors(errors.IsNotFound).Visit(func(r *resource.Info) error {
		found++
		if err := resource.NewHelper(r.Client, r.Mapping).Delete(r.Namespace, r.Name); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		fmt.Fprintf(out, "%s/%s\n", r.Mapping.Resource, r.Name)
		return nil
	})
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if found == 0 {
		fmt.Fprintf(cmd.Out(), "No resources found\n")
	}
	return nil
}

func (f *Factory) NewCmdUpdate(out io.Writer) *cobra.Command {
	cmd := &cobra.Command{
		Use:   "update -f filename",
		Short: "Update a resource by filename or stdin",
		Long: `Update a resource by filename or stdin.

JSON and YAML formats are accepted.

Examples:
  $ kubectl update -f pod.json
  <update a pod using the data in pod.json>

  $ cat pod.json | kubectl update -f -
  <update a pod based on the json passed into stdin>`,
		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
			filename := GetFlagString(cmd, "filename")
			if len(filename) == 0 {
				usageError(cmd, "Must specify filename to update")
			}
			schema, err := f.Validator(cmd)
			checkErr(err)
			mapper, typer := f.Object(cmd)
			mapping, namespace, name, data := ResourceFromFile(cmd, filename, typer, mapper, schema)
			client, err := f.RESTClient(cmd, mapping)
			checkErr(err)

			err = CompareNamespaceFromFile(cmd, namespace)
			checkErr(err)

			err = resource.NewHelper(client, mapping).Update(namespace, name, true, data)
			checkErr(err)
			fmt.Fprintf(out, "%s\n", name)
		},
	}
	cmd.Flags().StringP("filename", "f", "", "Filename or URL to file to use to update the resource")
	return cmd
}

func updateWithPatch(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, f *Factory, patch string) (string, error) {
	cmdNamespace, err := f.DefaultNamespace()
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	mapper, _ := f.Object()
	// TODO: use resource.Builder instead
	mapping, namespace, name, err := cmdutil.ResourceFromArgs(cmd, args, mapper, cmdNamespace)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	client, err := f.RESTClient(mapping)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	helper := resource.NewHelper(client, mapping)
	obj, err := helper.Get(namespace, name)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	patchedObj, err := cmdutil.Merge(obj, patch, mapping.Kind)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	data, err := helper.Codec.Encode(patchedObj)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	_, err = helper.Update(namespace, name, true, data)
	return name, err
}

func updateObject(client resource.RESTClient, mapping *meta.RESTMapping, namespace, name string, updateFn func(runtime.Object) (runtime.Object, error)) (runtime.Object, error) {
	helper := resource.NewHelper(client, mapping)

	obj, err := helper.Get(namespace, name)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	obj, err = updateFn(obj)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	data, err := helper.Codec.Encode(obj)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	_, err = helper.Update(namespace, name, true, data)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return obj, nil
}