function portfolio_picasa_admin_upgrade_notification() {
    $admins = get_admins();

    if (empty($admins)) {
        return;
    }
    $mainadmin = reset($admins);
    $a = new stdClass;
    $a->docsurl = get_docs_url('Google_OAuth_2.0_setup');

    foreach ($admins as $admin) {
        $message = new stdClass();
        $message->component         = 'moodle';
        $message->name              = 'notices';
        $message->userfrom          = $mainadmin;
        $message->userto            = $admin;
        $message->smallmessage      = get_string('oauth2upgrade_message_small', 'portfolio_picasa');
        $message->subject           = get_string('oauth2upgrade_message_subject', 'portfolio_picasa');
        $message->fullmessage       = get_string('oauth2upgrade_message_content', 'portfolio_picasa', $a);
        $message->fullmessagehtml   = get_string('oauth2upgrade_message_content', 'portfolio_picasa', $a);
        $message->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
        $message->notification      = 1;
        message_send($message);
    }
}

 public function execute()
 {
     global $USER;
     // Check to make sure external communications hasn't been disabled
     $extcom = !!get_config('mod_hvp', 'external_communication');
     $extcomnotify = !!get_config('mod_hvp', 'external_communication_notify');
     if ($extcom || !$extcomnotify) {
         $core = \mod_hvp\framework::instance();
         $core->fetchLibrariesMetadata(!$extcom);
         set_config('external_communication_notify', $extcom ? false : time(), 'mod_hvp');
         // Notify admin if there are updates available!
         $update_available = \get_config('mod_hvp', 'update_available');
         $current_update = \get_config('mod_hvp', 'current_update');
         $admin_notified = \get_config('mod_hvp', 'admin_notified');
         if ($admin_notified !== $update_available && $update_available !== false && $current_update !== false && $current_update < $update_available) {
             // New update is available
             // Send message
             $updatesurl = new \moodle_url('/mod/hvp/library_list.php');
             $message = new \stdClass();
             $message->component = 'mod_hvp';
             $message->name = 'updates';
             $message->userfrom = $USER;
             $message->userto = get_admin();
             $message->subject = get_string('updatesavailabletitle', 'mod_hvp');
             $message->fullmessage = get_string('updatesavailablemsgpt1', 'mod_hvp') . ' ' . get_string('updatesavailablemsgpt2', 'mod_hvp') . "\n\n" . get_string('updatesavailablemsgpt3', 'mod_hvp', date('Y-m-d', $update_available)) . "\n" . get_string('updatesavailablemsgpt4', 'mod_hvp', date('Y-m-d', $current_update)) . "\n\n" . $updatesurl;
             $message->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
             $message->fullmessagehtml = '<p>' . get_string('updatesavailablemsgpt1', 'mod_hvp') . '<br/>' . get_string('updatesavailablemsgpt2', 'mod_hvp') . '</p>' . '<p>' . get_string('updatesavailablemsgpt3', 'mod_hvp', '<b>' . date('Y-m-d', $update_available) . '</b>') . '<br/>' . get_string('updatesavailablemsgpt4', 'mod_hvp', '<b>' . date('Y-m-d', $current_update) . '</b>') . '</p>' . '<a href="' . $updatesurl . '" target="_blank">' . $updatesurl . '</a>';
             $message->smallmessage = '';
             $message->notification = 1;
             message_send($message);
             // Keep track of which version we've notfied about
             \set_config('admin_notified', $update_available, 'mod_hvp');
         }
     }
 }

 /**
  * Send out messages.
  */
 public function execute()
 {
     foreach ($this->get_custom_data() as $data) {
         $eventobj = $data->event;
         $subscriptionids = $data->subscriptionids;
         foreach ($subscriptionids as $id) {
             if ($message = $this->generate_message($id, $eventobj)) {
                 message_send($message);
             }
         }
     }
 }

 /**
  * Send out messages.
  */
 public function execute()
 {
     foreach ($this->get_custom_data() as $data) {
         $eventobj = $data->event;
         $subscriptionids = $data->subscriptionids;
         foreach ($subscriptionids as $id) {
             if ($message = $this->generate_message($id, $eventobj)) {
                 mtrace("Sending message to the user with id " . $message->userto->id . " for the subscription with id {$id}...");
                 message_send($message);
                 mtrace("Sent.");
             }
         }
     }
 }

 /**
  * Send non-submitters message to students.
  *
  * @param string $message
  * @return void
  */
 public function send_message($userid, $subject, $message)
 {
     $eventdata = new stdClass();
     $eventdata->component = 'mod_turnitintooltwo';
     //your component name
     $eventdata->name = 'nonsubmitters';
     //this is the message name from messages.php
     $eventdata->userfrom = get_admin();
     $eventdata->userto = $userid;
     $eventdata->subject = $subject;
     $eventdata->fullmessage = $message;
     $eventdata->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_HTML;
     $eventdata->fullmessagehtml = $message;
     $eventdata->smallmessage = '';
     $eventdata->notification = 1;
     //this is only set to 0 for personal messages between users
     message_send($eventdata);
 }

/**
 * Emails admins about a clam outcome
 *
 * @param string $notice The body of the email to be sent.
 */
function clam_message_admins($notice)
{
    $site = get_site();
    $subject = get_string('clamemailsubject', 'moodle', format_string($site->fullname));
    $admins = get_admins();
    foreach ($admins as $admin) {
        $eventdata = new stdClass();
        $eventdata->component = 'moodle';
        $eventdata->name = 'errors';
        $eventdata->userfrom = get_admin();
        $eventdata->userto = $admin;
        $eventdata->subject = $subject;
        $eventdata->fullmessage = $notice;
        $eventdata->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
        $eventdata->fullmessagehtml = '';
        $eventdata->smallmessage = '';
        message_send($eventdata);
    }
}

 /**
  * Send digital receipt to submitter
  *
  * @param string $message
  * @return void
  */
 public function send_message($userid, $message)
 {
     global $CFG;
     $subject = get_string('digital_receipt_subject', 'turnitintooltwo');
     $eventdata = new stdClass();
     $eventdata->component = 'mod_turnitintooltwo';
     //your component name
     $eventdata->name = 'submission';
     //this is the message name from messages.php
     $eventdata->userfrom = \core_user::get_noreply_user();
     $eventdata->userto = $userid;
     $eventdata->subject = $subject;
     $eventdata->fullmessage = $message;
     $eventdata->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_HTML;
     $eventdata->fullmessagehtml = $message;
     $eventdata->smallmessage = '';
     $eventdata->notification = 1;
     //this is only set to 0 for personal messages between users
     message_send($eventdata);
 }

/**
 * Send a message to the admin in regard with the APIv1 migration.
 *
 * @return void
 */
function repository_alfresco_admin_security_key_notice()
{
    $admins = get_admins();
    if (empty($admins)) {
        return;
    }
    foreach ($admins as $admin) {
        $message = new stdClass();
        $message->component = 'moodle';
        $message->name = 'notices';
        $message->userfrom = get_admin();
        $message->userto = $admin;
        $message->smallmessage = get_string('security_key_notice_message_small', 'repository_alfresco');
        $message->subject = get_string('security_key_notice_message_subject', 'repository_alfresco');
        $message->fullmessage = get_string('security_key_notice_message_content', 'repository_alfresco');
        $message->fullmessagehtml = get_string('security_key_notice_message_content', 'repository_alfresco');
        $message->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
        $message->notification = 1;
        message_send($message);
    }
}

 /**
  * Alerts site admin of potential problems.
  *
  * @param string   $subject email subject
  * @param stdClass $data    PayPal IPN data
  */
 public static function message_paypal_error_to_admin($subject, $data)
 {
     $admin = get_admin();
     $site = get_site();
     $message = "{$site->fullname}:  Transaction failed.\n\n{$subject}\n\n";
     foreach ($data as $key => $value) {
         $message .= "{$key} => {$value}\n";
     }
     $eventdata = new \stdClass();
     $eventdata->modulename = 'moodle';
     $eventdata->component = 'enrol_paypal';
     $eventdata->name = 'paypal_enrolment';
     $eventdata->userfrom = $admin;
     $eventdata->userto = $admin;
     $eventdata->subject = "PAYPAL ERROR: " . $subject;
     $eventdata->fullmessage = $message;
     $eventdata->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
     $eventdata->fullmessagehtml = '';
     $eventdata->smallmessage = '';
     message_send($eventdata);
 }

 /**
  * Send instructor message to instructors on course.
  *
  * @param array $instructors
  * @param string $message
  * @return void
  */
 public function send_instructor_message($instructors, $message)
 {
     $subject = get_string('receipt_instructor_copy_subject', 'turnitintooltwo');
     $eventdata = new stdClass();
     $eventdata->component = 'mod_turnitintooltwo';
     //your component name
     $eventdata->name = 'submission';
     //this is the message name from messages.php
     $eventdata->userfrom = \core_user::get_noreply_user();
     $eventdata->subject = $subject;
     $eventdata->fullmessage = $message;
     $eventdata->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_HTML;
     $eventdata->fullmessagehtml = $message;
     $eventdata->smallmessage = '';
     $eventdata->notification = 1;
     //this is only set to 0 for personal messages between users
     foreach ($instructors as $instructor) {
         $eventdata->userto = $instructor->id;
         message_send($eventdata);
     }
     unset($instructor);
 }

function repository_googledocs_admin_upgrade_notification() {
    $admins = get_admins();

    if (empty($admins)) {
        return;
    }
    $mainadmin = reset($admins);

    foreach ($admins as $admin) {
        $message = new stdClass();
        $message->component         = 'moodle';
        $message->name              = 'notices';
        $message->userfrom          = $mainadmin;
        $message->userto            = $admin;
        $message->smallmessage      = get_string('oauth2upgrade_message_small', 'repository_googledocs');
        $message->subject           = get_string('oauth2upgrade_message_subject', 'repository_googledocs');
        $message->fullmessage       = get_string('oauth2upgrade_message_content', 'repository_googledocs');
        $message->fullmessagehtml   = get_string('oauth2upgrade_message_content', 'repository_googledocs');
        $message->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
        $message->notification      = 1;
        message_send($message);
    }
}

/**
 * Send a message to the admin in regard with the APIv1 migration.
 *
 * @return void
 */
function repository_boxnet_admin_upgrade_notification()
{
    $admins = get_admins();
    if (empty($admins)) {
        return;
    }
    $a = new stdClass();
    $a->docsurl = get_docs_url('Box.net_APIv1_migration');
    foreach ($admins as $admin) {
        $message = new stdClass();
        $message->component = 'moodle';
        $message->name = 'notices';
        $message->userfrom = get_admin();
        $message->userto = $admin;
        $message->smallmessage = get_string('apiv1migration_message_small', 'repository_boxnet');
        $message->subject = get_string('apiv1migration_message_subject', 'repository_boxnet');
        $message->fullmessage = get_string('apiv1migration_message_content', 'repository_boxnet', $a);
        $message->fullmessagehtml = get_string('apiv1migration_message_content', 'repository_boxnet', $a);
        $message->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
        $message->notification = 1;
        message_send($message);
    }
}

/**
 * Inform admins about assignments that still need upgrading.
 */
function mod_assignment_pending_upgrades_notification($count)
{
    $admins = get_admins();
    if (empty($admins)) {
        return;
    }
    $a = new stdClass();
    $a->count = $count;
    $a->docsurl = get_docs_url('Assignment_upgrade_tool');
    foreach ($admins as $admin) {
        $message = new stdClass();
        $message->component = 'moodle';
        $message->name = 'notices';
        $message->userfrom = \core_user::get_noreply_user();
        $message->userto = $admin;
        $message->smallmessage = get_string('pendingupgrades_message_small', 'mod_assignment');
        $message->subject = get_string('pendingupgrades_message_subject', 'mod_assignment');
        $message->fullmessage = get_string('pendingupgrades_message_content', 'mod_assignment', $a);
        $message->fullmessagehtml = get_string('pendingupgrades_message_content', 'mod_assignment', $a);
        $message->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
        $message->notification = 1;
        message_send($message);
    }
}

 public function test_message_attachment_send()
 {
     global $CFG;
     $this->preventResetByRollback();
     $this->resetAfterTest();
     // Set config setting to allow attachments.
     $CFG->allowattachments = true;
     unset_config('noemailever');
     $user = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_user();
     $context = context_user::instance($user->id);
     // Create a test file.
     $fs = get_file_storage();
     $filerecord = array('contextid' => $context->id, 'component' => 'core', 'filearea' => 'unittest', 'itemid' => 99999, 'filepath' => '/', 'filename' => 'emailtest.txt');
     $file = $fs->create_file_from_string($filerecord, 'Test content');
     $message = new stdClass();
     $message->component = 'moodle';
     $message->name = 'instantmessage';
     $message->userfrom = get_admin();
     $message->userto = $user;
     $message->subject = 'message subject 1';
     $message->fullmessage = 'message body';
     $message->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_MARKDOWN;
     $message->fullmessagehtml = '<p>message body</p>';
     $message->smallmessage = 'small message';
     $message->attachment = $file;
     $message->attachname = 'emailtest.txt';
     $message->notification = 0;
     // Make sure we are redirecting emails.
     $sink = $this->redirectEmails();
     $this->assertTrue(phpunit_util::is_redirecting_phpmailer());
     message_send($message);
     // Get the email that we just sent.
     $emails = $sink->get_messages();
     $email = reset($emails);
     $this->assertTrue(strpos($email->body, 'Content-Disposition: attachment;') !== false);
     $this->assertTrue(strpos($email->body, 'emailtest.txt') !== false);
     // Check if the stored file still exists after remove the temporary attachment.
     $storedfileexists = $fs->file_exists($filerecord['contextid'], $filerecord['component'], $filerecord['filearea'], $filerecord['itemid'], $filerecord['filepath'], $filerecord['filename']);
     $this->assertTrue($storedfileexists);
 }

/**
 * Send a message from one user to another. Will be delivered according to the message recipients messaging preferences
 * @param object $userfrom the message sender
 * @param object $userto the message recipient
 * @param string $message the message
 * @param int $format message format such as FORMAT_PLAIN or FORMAT_HTML
 * @return int|false the ID of the new message or false
 */
function message_post_message($userfrom, $userto, $message, $format) {
    global $SITE, $CFG, $USER;

    $eventdata = new stdClass();
    $eventdata->component        = 'moodle';
    $eventdata->name             = 'instantmessage';
    $eventdata->userfrom         = $userfrom;
    $eventdata->userto           = $userto;

    //using string manager directly so that strings in the message will be in the message recipients language rather than the senders
    $eventdata->subject          = get_string_manager()->get_string('unreadnewmessage', 'message', fullname($userfrom), $userto->lang);

    if ($format == FORMAT_HTML) {
        $eventdata->fullmessage      = '';
        $eventdata->fullmessagehtml  = $message;
    } else {
        $eventdata->fullmessage      = $message;
        $eventdata->fullmessagehtml  = '';
    }

    $eventdata->fullmessageformat = $format;
    $eventdata->smallmessage     = $message;//store the message unfiltered. Clean up on output.

    $s = new stdClass();
    $s->sitename = $SITE->shortname;
    $s->url = $CFG->wwwroot.'/message/index.php?user='.$userto->id.'&id='.$userfrom->id;

    $emailtagline = get_string_manager()->get_string('emailtagline', 'message', $s, $userto->lang);
    if (!empty($eventdata->fullmessage)) {
        $eventdata->fullmessage .= "\n\n---------------------------------------------------------------------\n".$emailtagline;
    }
    if (!empty($eventdata->fullmessagehtml)) {
        $eventdata->fullmessagehtml .= "<br /><br />---------------------------------------------------------------------<br />".$emailtagline;
    }

    $eventdata->timecreated     = time();
    return message_send($eventdata);
}

//.........这里部分代码省略.........
                // Send the post now!

                mtrace('Sending ', '');

                $eventdata = new stdClass();
                $eventdata->component        = 'mod_forum';
                $eventdata->name             = 'posts';
                $eventdata->userfrom         = $userfrom;
                $eventdata->userto           = $userto;
                $eventdata->subject          = $postsubject;
                $eventdata->fullmessage      = $posttext;
                $eventdata->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
                $eventdata->fullmessagehtml  = $posthtml;
                $eventdata->notification = 1;

                // If forum_replytouser is not set then send mail using the noreplyaddress.
                if (empty($CFG->forum_replytouser)) {
                    // Clone userfrom as it is referenced by $users.
                    $cloneduserfrom = clone($userfrom);
                    $cloneduserfrom->email = $CFG->noreplyaddress;
                    $eventdata->userfrom = $cloneduserfrom;
                }

                $smallmessagestrings = new stdClass();
                $smallmessagestrings->user = fullname($userfrom);
                $smallmessagestrings->forumname = "$shortname: ".format_string($forum->name,true).": ".$discussion->name;
                $smallmessagestrings->message = $post->message;
                //make sure strings are in message recipients language
                $eventdata->smallmessage = get_string_manager()->get_string('smallmessage', 'forum', $smallmessagestrings, $userto->lang);

                $eventdata->contexturl = "{$CFG->wwwroot}/mod/forum/discuss.php?d={$discussion->id}#p{$post->id}";
                $eventdata->contexturlname = $discussion->name;

                $mailresult = message_send($eventdata);
                if (!$mailresult){
                    mtrace("Error: mod/forum/lib.php forum_cron(): Could not send out mail for id $post->id to user $userto->id".
                         " ($userto->email) .. not trying again.");
                    add_to_log($course->id, 'forum', 'mail error', "discuss.php?d=$discussion->id#p$post->id",
                               substr(format_string($post->subject,true),0,30), $cm->id, $userto->id);
                    $errorcount[$post->id]++;
                } else {
                    $mailcount[$post->id]++;

                // Mark post as read if forum_usermarksread is set off
                    if (!$CFG->forum_usermarksread) {
                        $userto->markposts[$post->id] = $post->id;
                    }
                }

                mtrace('post '.$post->id. ': '.$post->subject);
            }

            // mark processed posts as read
            forum_tp_mark_posts_read($userto, $userto->markposts);
            unset($userto);
        }
    }

    if ($posts) {
        foreach ($posts as $post) {
            mtrace($mailcount[$post->id]." users were sent post $post->id, '$post->subject'");
            if ($errorcount[$post->id]) {
                $DB->set_field('forum_posts', 'mailed', FORUM_MAILED_ERROR, array('id' => $post->id));
            }
        }
    }

/**
 * sends an email to the teachers of the course where the given feedback is placed.
 *
 * @global object
 * @uses FORMAT_PLAIN
 * @param object $cm the coursemodule-record
 * @param object $feedback
 * @param object $course
 * @return void
 */
function feedback_send_email_anonym($cm, $feedback, $course) {
    global $CFG;

    if ($feedback->email_notification == 0) { // No need to do anything
        return;
    }

    $teachers = feedback_get_receivemail_users($cm->id);

    if ($teachers) {

        $strfeedbacks = get_string('modulenameplural', 'feedback');
        $strfeedback  = get_string('modulename', 'feedback');
        $strcompleted  = get_string('completed', 'feedback');
        $printusername = get_string('anonymous_user', 'feedback');

        foreach ($teachers as $teacher) {
            $info = new stdClass();
            $info->username = $printusername;
            $info->feedback = format_string($feedback->name, true);
            $info->url = $CFG->wwwroot.'/mod/feedback/show_entries_anonym.php?id='.$cm->id;

            $postsubject = $strcompleted.': '.$info->username.' -> '.$feedback->name;
            $posttext = feedback_send_email_text($info, $course);

            if ($teacher->mailformat == 1) {
                $posthtml = feedback_send_email_html($info, $course, $cm);
            } else {
                $posthtml = '';
            }

            $eventdata = new stdClass();
            $eventdata->name             = 'submission';
            $eventdata->component        = 'mod_feedback';
            $eventdata->userfrom         = $teacher;
            $eventdata->userto           = $teacher;
            $eventdata->subject          = $postsubject;
            $eventdata->fullmessage      = $posttext;
            $eventdata->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
            $eventdata->fullmessagehtml  = $posthtml;
            $eventdata->smallmessage     = '';
            message_send($eventdata);
        }
    }
}

 /**
  * @depends test_message_redirection
  */
 public function test_message_redirection_noreset($sink)
 {
     $this->preventResetByRollback();
     // Messaging is not compatible with transactions...
     $this->resetAfterTest();
     $this->assertTrue(phpunit_util::is_redirecting_messages());
     $this->assertEquals(1, $sink->count());
     $message = new stdClass();
     $message->component = 'moodle';
     $message->name = 'instantmessage';
     $message->userfrom = get_admin();
     $message->userto = get_admin();
     $message->subject = 'message subject 1';
     $message->fullmessage = 'message body';
     $message->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_MARKDOWN;
     $message->fullmessagehtml = '<p>message body</p>';
     $message->smallmessage = 'small message';
     $message->notification = 0;
     message_send($message);
     $this->assertEquals(2, $sink->count());
 }

//.........这里部分代码省略.........
                $threadtopic = html_to_text(get_string('postmailsubject', 'forum', $a), 0);
                $userfrom->customheaders[] = "Thread-Topic: {$threadtopic}";
                $userfrom->customheaders[] = "Thread-Index: " . substr($rootid, 1, 28);
                // Send the post now!
                mtrace('Sending ', '');
                $eventdata = new \core\message\message();
                $eventdata->courseid = $course->id;
                $eventdata->component = 'mod_forum';
                $eventdata->name = 'posts';
                $eventdata->userfrom = $userfrom;
                $eventdata->userto = $userto;
                $eventdata->subject = $postsubject;
                $eventdata->fullmessage = $textout->render($data);
                $eventdata->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
                $eventdata->fullmessagehtml = $htmlout->render($data);
                $eventdata->notification = 1;
                $eventdata->replyto = $replyaddress;
                if (!empty($replyaddress)) {
                    // Add extra text to email messages if they can reply back.
                    $textfooter = "\n\n" . get_string('replytopostbyemail', 'mod_forum');
                    $htmlfooter = html_writer::tag('p', get_string('replytopostbyemail', 'mod_forum'));
                    $additionalcontent = array('fullmessage' => array('footer' => $textfooter), 'fullmessagehtml' => array('footer' => $htmlfooter));
                    $eventdata->set_additional_content('email', $additionalcontent);
                }
                $smallmessagestrings = new stdClass();
                $smallmessagestrings->user = fullname($userfrom);
                $smallmessagestrings->forumname = "{$shortname}: " . format_string($forum->name, true) . ": " . $discussion->name;
                $smallmessagestrings->message = $post->message;
                // Make sure strings are in message recipients language.
                $eventdata->smallmessage = get_string_manager()->get_string('smallmessage', 'forum', $smallmessagestrings, $userto->lang);
                $contexturl = new moodle_url('/mod/forum/discuss.php', array('d' => $discussion->id), 'p' . $post->id);
                $eventdata->contexturl = $contexturl->out();
                $eventdata->contexturlname = $discussion->name;
                $mailresult = message_send($eventdata);
                if (!$mailresult) {
                    mtrace("Error: mod/forum/lib.php forum_cron(): Could not send out mail for id {$post->id} to user {$userto->id}" . " ({$userto->email}) .. not trying again.");
                    $errorcount[$post->id]++;
                } else {
                    $mailcount[$post->id]++;
                    // Mark post as read if forum_usermarksread is set off.
                    if (!$CFG->forum_usermarksread) {
                        $userto->markposts[$post->id] = $post->id;
                    }
                }
                mtrace('post ' . $post->id . ': ' . $post->subject);
            }
            // Mark processed posts as read.
            if (get_user_preferences('forum_markasreadonnotification', 1, $userto->id) == 1) {
                forum_tp_mark_posts_read($userto, $userto->markposts);
            }
            unset($userto);
        }
    }
    if ($posts) {
        foreach ($posts as $post) {
            mtrace($mailcount[$post->id] . " users were sent post {$post->id}, '{$post->subject}'");
            if ($errorcount[$post->id]) {
                $DB->set_field('forum_posts', 'mailed', FORUM_MAILED_ERROR, array('id' => $post->id));
            }
        }
    }
    // release some memory
    unset($subscribedusers);
    unset($mailcount);
    unset($errorcount);
    cron_setup_user();

 /**
  * Send a message from one user to another using events_trigger
  *
  * @param object $touser
  * @param object $fromuser
  * @param string $name
  * @param string $subject
  * @param string $message
  */
 protected function notify($touser, $fromuser, $name = 'courserequested', $subject, $message)
 {
     $eventdata = new stdClass();
     $eventdata->component = 'moodle';
     $eventdata->name = $name;
     $eventdata->userfrom = $fromuser;
     $eventdata->userto = $touser;
     $eventdata->subject = $subject;
     $eventdata->fullmessage = $message;
     $eventdata->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
     $eventdata->fullmessagehtml = '';
     $eventdata->smallmessage = '';
     $eventdata->notification = 1;
     message_send($eventdata);
 }