Shell脚本实现自动修改IP、主机名等功能分享

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作为一名Linux SA，日常运维中很多地方都会用到脚本，而服务器的ip一般采用静态ip或者MAC绑定，当然后者比较操作起来相对繁琐，而前者我们可以设置主机名、ip信息、网关等配置。修改成特定的主机名在维护和管理方面也比较方便。如下脚本用途为：修改ip和主机名等相关信息，可以根据实际需求修改，举一反三！

复制代码代码如下:

#!/bin/sh
#auto Change ip netmask gateway scripts
#wugk 2012-12-17
cat <<EOF
++++++++自动修改ip和主机名等相关信息+++++++++
ETHCONF=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
HOSTS=/etc/hosts
NETWORK=/etc/sysconfig/network
DIR=/data/backup/`date +%Y%m%d`
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
+++++++++-------------------------+++++++++++
EOF
#Define Path 定义变量，可以根据实际情况修改
ETHCONF=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
HOSTS=/etc/hosts
NETWORK=/etc/sysconfig/network
DIR=/data/backup/`date +%Y%m%d`
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
echo "================================================"
echo
#定义change_ip函数
function Change_ip ()
{
#判断备份目录是否存在，中括号前后都有空格，！叹号在shell表示相反的意思#
if
   [ ! -d $DIR ];then
   mkdir -p $DIR
fi
echo "Now Change ip address ,Doing Backup Interface eth0"
cp $ETHCONF $DIR
grep "dhcp" $ETHCONF
#如下$?用来判断上一次操作的状态，为0，表示上一次操作状态正确或者成功#
if
[ $? -eq 0 ];then
#read -p 交互输入变量IPADDR，注冒号后有空格，sed -i 修改配置文件#
read -p "Please insert ip Address:" IPADDR
sed -i 's/dhcp/static/g' $ETHCONF
#awk -F. 意思是以.号为分隔域，打印前三列#
echo -e "IPADDR=$IPADDR\nNETMASK=$NETMASK\nGATEWAY=`echo $IPADDR|awk -F. '{print $1"."$2"."$3}'`.254" >>$ETHCONF
echo "This IP address Change success !"
else
echo -n "This $ETHCONF is static exist ,please ensure Change Yes or NO":
read i
fi
if
[ "$i" == "y" -o "$i" == "yes" ];then
read -p "Please insert ip Address:" IPADDR
count=(`echo $IPADDR|awk -F. '{print $1,$2,$3,$4}'`)
#定义数组， ${#count[@]}代表获取变量值总个数#
A=${#count[@]}
#while条件语句判断，个数是否正确，不正确循环提示输入，也可以用[0-9]来判断ip#
while
[ "$A" -ne "4" ]
do
read -p "Please re Inster ip Address,example 192.168.0.11 ip": IPADDR
count=(`echo $IPADDR|awk -F. '{print $1,$2,$3,$4}'`)
A=${#count[@]}
done
#sed -e 可以连续修改多个参数#
sed -i -e 's/^IPADDR/#IPADDR/g' -e 's/^NETMASK/#NETMASK/g' -e 's/^GATEWAY/#GATEWAY/g' $ETHCONF
#echo -e \n为连续追加内容，并自动换行#
echo -e "IPADDR=$IPADDR\nNETMASK=$NETMASK\nGATEWAY=`echo $IPADDR|awk -F. '{print $1"."$2"."$3}'`.254" >>$ETHCONF
echo "This IP address Change success !"
else
echo "This $ETHCONF static exist,please exit"
exit $?
fi

}

#定义hosts函数
############function hosts##############
function Change_hosts ()
{
if
   [ ! -d $DIR ];then
   mkdir -p $DIR
fi
cp $HOSTS $DIR
read -p "Please insert ip address": IPADDR
host=`echo $IPADDR|sed 's/\./-/g'`
cat $HOSTS |grep 127.0.0.1 |grep "$host"
if
[ $? -ne 0 ];then
sed -i "s/127.0.0.1/127.0.0.1 $host/g" $HOSTS
echo "This hosts change success "
else
echo "This $host IS Exist .........."
fi
}
###########fuction network###############
#定义network函数
function Change_network ()
{
   if
   [ ! -d $DIR ];then
   mkdir -p $DIR
fi
cp $NETWORK $DIR
read -p "Please insert ip address": IPADDR
host=`echo $IPADDR|sed 's/\./-/g'`
grep "$host" $NETWORK
   if
[ $? -ne 0 ];then
sed -i "s/^HOSTNAME/#HOSTNAME/g" $NETWORK
echo "NETWORK=$host" >>$NETWORK
else
echo "This $host IS Exist .........."
fi
}

#PS3一般为菜单提示信息#
PS3="Please Select ip or hosts Menu":
#select为菜单选择命令，格式为select $var in ..command.. do .... done
select i in "Change_ip" "Change_hosts" "Change_network"

do
#case 方式，一般用于多种条件下的判断
case $i in
     Change_ip )
     Change_ip
;;
     Change_hosts )
     Change_hosts
;;
     Change_network )
     Change_network
;;
     *)
     echo
     echo "Please Insert $0: Change_ip(1)|Change_hosts(2)|Change_network(3)"
     echo
;;
esac