java - FlowLayout on top of GridLayout not working

Question

I'm trying to create a hangman game and so far it's coming along GREAT, but the layout design just doesn't seem to fall into place! The alphabet is supposed to end up in a FlowLayout order on top of the Hangman picture with the buttons "Restart", "Help" "Add New Word" and "Exit" at the bottom! What am I doing wrong?

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.io.*;

public class Hangman extends JFrame
{
    int i = 0;
    static JPanel panel;
    static JPanel panel2;
    static JPanel panel3;

    public Hangman()
    {
        JButton[] buttons = new JButton[26];

        panel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
        panel2 = new JPanel();
        panel3 = new JPanel();

        JButton btnRestart = new JButton("Restart");
        btnRestart.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
            {

            }
        });

        JButton btnNewWord = new JButton("Add New Word");
        btnNewWord.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
            {
                try
                {
                    FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("Words.txt", true);
                    PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(fw, true);

                    String word = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please enter a word: ");

                    pw.println(word);
                    pw.close();
                }
                catch(IOException ie)
                {
                    System.out.println("Error Thrown" + ie.getMessage());
                }
            }
        });

        JButton btnHelp = new JButton("Help");
        btnHelp.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
            {
                String message = "The word to guess is represented by a row "
                   + "of dashes, giving the number of letters and category of "
                   + "the word. 
If the guessing player suggests a letter "
                   + "which occurs in the word, the other player writes it "
                   + "in all its correct positions. 
If the suggested "
                   + "letter does not occur in the word, the other player "
                   + "draws one element of the hangman diagram as a tally mark."
                   + "
"
                   + "
The game is over when:"
                   + "
The guessing player completes the word, or guesses "
                   + "the whole word correctly"
                   + "
The other player completes the diagram";
               JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,message, "Help",JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
            }
        });

        JButton btnExit = new JButton("Exit");
        btnExit.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
            {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon("D:\Varsity College\Prog212Assign1_10-013803\images\Hangman1.jpg");
        JLabel label = new JLabel();
        label.setIcon(icon);
        String  b[]=  {"A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z"};
        for(i = 0; i < buttons.length; i++)
        {
            buttons[i] = new JButton(b[i]);

            panel.add(buttons[i]);
        }
        panel2.add(label);

        panel3.add(btnRestart);
        panel3.add(btnNewWord);
        panel3.add(btnHelp);
        panel3.add(btnExit);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) 
    {
        Hangman frame = new Hangman();
        frame.add(panel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(panel2, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.add(panel3, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

Answer 1

Here are a few suggestions:

• Use a GridLayout for the top panel; in this case, zero means the number of rows is determined by the specified number of columns and the total number of components in the layout:

  JPanel north = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0, 9));
  

• Here's an outline of how you can make your center panel have a reasonable initial size; note how you can draw relative to the current size:

  JPanel center = new JPanel() {
  
      private static final int N = 256;
      private static final String S = "Todo...";
  
      @Override
      protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
          super.paintComponent(g);
          int dx = (getWidth() - g.getFontMetrics().stringWidth(S)) / 2;
          int dy = getHeight() / 2;
          g.drawString(S, dx, dy);
      }
  
      @Override
      public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
          return new Dimension(N, N);
      }
  };
  

• You can construct your button names like this:

  for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
      String letter = String.valueOf((char) (i + 'A'));
      buttons[i] = new JButton(letter);
      north.add(buttons[i]);
  }
  

• Make your panels instance variables and start on the event dispatch thread:

  EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
  
      @Override
      public void run() {
          Hangman frame = new Hangman();
          frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
          frame.add(frame.north, BorderLayout.NORTH);
          frame.add(frame.center, BorderLayout.CENTER);
          frame.add(frame.south, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
          frame.pack();
          frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
          frame.setVisible(true);
      }
  });