ios - 如何为 iOS 版本 9 + 10(可能还有 8)实现 Apple 推送通知？ - 知识问答 - OGeek|极客世界-中国程序员成长平台

菜鸟教程小白 发表于 2022-12-13 14:31:12

ios - 如何为 iOS 版本 9 + 10(可能还有 8)实现 Apple 推送通知？

我没有找到任何正式的 Apple 文档讨论如何同时为旧 iOS 版本以及 iOS 10 正确实现推送通知。而且我看到的独立教程同样涵盖了单个 iOS 版本。

我看到了 iOS 10 的官方文档:
<a href="https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/NetworkingInternet/Conceptual/RemoteNotificationsPG/index.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40008194-CH3-SW1" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Local and Remote Notifications Overview</a>但它没有评论支持早期的 iOS 版本。

还有一个 iOS 9 教程:
<a href="https://www.raywenderlich.com/123862/push-notifications-tutorial" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Push Notifications Tutorial - Ray Wenderlich</a> 

我看到了各种关于人们必须做出改变才能让他们的旧解决方案在新版本上运行的 stackoverflow 线程:

 <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32718273/push-notifications-are-not-working-in-ios-9" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Push notifications are not working in iOS 9</a>
其中确实显示了处理 6 - 9 的代码。

 <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39382852/didreceiveremotenotification-not-called-ios-10" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">didReceiveRemoteNotification not called , iOS 10</a> 

<hr/>

但我没有看到的是正确的做法，从今天开始(使用 iOS 10)，但也支持旧设备。 ** 更新 ** App Store 表示只有 6% 的设备下载的应用程序比 ios 9 旧，所以 如果只支持 9 + 10 更容易，我会这样做。 

(我尝试从 iOS 10 示例开始，但它立即在 iOS 9.3 模拟设备上崩溃，尽管它在 iOS 10 中运行良好。所以我得出结论，我应该从有关正确设置不同版本的信息开始。我可以发布该代码，但我认为这会将这个线程引向错误的方向。我宁愿从“应该”在多个 iOS 版本(包括 10)上工作的内容开始。)

如果我没有找到解决方案，我将开始组合来自不同 stackoverflow 代码片段的代码……但认真的吗？我一定是遗漏了一些东西，因为大概每个 iOS 开发人员都有这个问题。

<hr/>

相反，我可以从一个较旧的示例开始，然后按照更改使其适用于 iOS 10 - 但这会充分利用 iOS 10 吗？

注意:我正在使用 Xamarin C# 进行编程，但 Objective-C 或 Swift 答案同样有用。
 <hr><h1>Best Answer-推荐答案</h1> 
 这是 Xamarin C# 代码(与 Objective-C 不同的语法和大小写，但我认为它可以逐行翻译为 Objective-C)。 

在 iOS 9.3 和 iOS 10.2 上测试。

初始化“本地”和“远程”通知:

<pre><code>// "UIApplicationDelegate" is for "local" notifications,
// "IUNUserNotificationCenterDelegate, IMessagingDelegate" for "remote" notifications.
public class AppDelegate : UIApplicationDelegate,
IUNUserNotificationCenterDelegate, IMessagingDelegate
{
...
public override bool FinishedLaunching( UIApplication application, NSDictionary launchOptions )
{
 ...
 RegisterForOurRemoteNotifications( this );
 RegisterForOurLocalNotifications();
 ...
}
...

// --- Comment out if not using Google FCM. ---
public override void RegisteredForRemoteNotifications( UIApplication application, NSData deviceToken )
{
 //base.RegisteredForRemoteNotifications( application, deviceToken );
 Firebase.InstanceID.InstanceId.SharedInstance.SetApnsToken( deviceToken,
 Firebase.InstanceID.ApnsTokenType.Sandbox );
}

...
// ----- "static"; Could be in another class. -----

// These flags are for our convenience, so we know initialization was done.
static bool IsRegisteredForNotifications;
static bool IsRegisteredForRemoteNotifications;
// Optional - true when we are using Google "Firebase Cloud Messaging".
static bool HasFCM;

public static void RegisterForOurRemoteNotifications( AppDelegate del )
{
 // Google "Firebase Cloud Messaging" (FCM) Monitor token generation
 // (Uncomment, if you are using FCM for notifications.)
 //InstanceId.Notifications.ObserveTokenRefresh( TokenRefreshNotification );

 if (UIDevice.CurrentDevice.CheckSystemVersion( 10, 0 )) {
 // iOS 10 or later
 var authOptions = UNAuthorizationOptions.Alert | UNAuthorizationOptions.Badge | UNAuthorizationOptions.Sound;
 UNUserNotificationCenter.Current.RequestAuthorization( authOptions, ( granted, error ) => {
 Console.WriteLine( granted );
 } );

 // For iOS 10 display notification (sent via APNS)
 UNUserNotificationCenter.Current.Delegate = del;

 // For iOS 10 data message (sent via Google FCM).
 // (Uncomment, if you are using FCM for notifications.)
 // TBD: If NOT using FCM, you may need some other lines of code here.
 //Messaging.SharedInstance.RemoteMessageDelegate = del;

 } else {
 // iOS 9 or before
 var allNotificationTypes = UIUserNotificationType.Alert | UIUserNotificationType.Badge | UIUserNotificationType.Sound;
 var settings = UIUserNotificationSettings.GetSettingsForTypes( allNotificationTypes, null );
 UIApplication.SharedApplication.RegisterUserNotificationSettings( settings );
 }

 UIApplication.SharedApplication.RegisterForRemoteNotifications();
 IsRegisteredForRemoteNotifications = true;

 // Uncomment if using Google "Firebase Cloud Messaging" (FCM).
 //TokenRefreshNotification( null, null );
 //if (UIDevice.CurrentDevice.CheckSystemVersion( 9, 0 )) // Needed to call this twice on iOS 9 for some reason.
 //TokenRefreshNotification( null, null );

 UIApplication.SharedApplication.SetMinimumBackgroundFetchInterval( UIApplication.BackgroundFetchIntervalMinimum );
}

public static void RegisterForOurLocalNotifications()
{
 // --- Our app's notification actions. ---
 UNNotificationAction followAction = UNNotificationAction.FromIdentifier( "follow", PS.LocalizedString( "Follow" ), UNNotificationActionOptions.None );
 UNNotificationAction likeAction = UNNotificationAction.FromIdentifier( "like", PS.LocalizedString( "Like" ), UNNotificationActionOptions.None );
 // ...

 // --- Our app's notification categories ---
 UNNotificationCategory followCategory = UNNotificationCategory.FromIdentifier( "followCategory", new UNNotificationAction[] { followAction, likeAction },
 new string[] { }, UNNotificationCategoryOptions.None );
 // ...

 // --- All of the app's categories from above ---
 var categories = new UNNotificationCategory[] { followCategory /*, ...*/ };

 // --- Same for all apps ---
 UIUserNotificationSettings settings = UIUserNotificationSettings.GetSettingsForTypes(
 UIUserNotificationType.Alert |
 UIUserNotificationType.Badge |
 UIUserNotificationType.Sound
 , new NSSet( categories ) );
 UIApplication.SharedApplication.RegisterUserNotificationSettings( settings );

 if (UIDevice.CurrentDevice.CheckSystemVersion( 10, 0 )) {
 UNUserNotificationCenter.Current.SetNotificationCategories( new NSSet<UNNotificationCategory>( categories ) );

 UNUserNotificationCenter.Current.RequestAuthorization( UNAuthorizationOptions.Alert | UNAuthorizationOptions.Sound | UNAuthorizationOptions.Badge,
 ( result, err ) => {
 Console.WriteLine( result.ToString() );
 } );
 }

 IsRegisteredForNotifications = true;
}
}

// -------------------------------------------------------
// --- These are for Google "Firebase Cloud Messaging" ---
// (Comment out if not using FCM.)

public static string Token;

static void TokenRefreshNotification( object sender, NSNotificationEventArgs e )
{
 // This method will be fired every time a new token is generated, including the first
 // time. So if you need to retrieve the token as soon as it is available this is where that
 // should be done.
 //var refreshedToken = InstanceId.SharedInstance.Token;

 ConnectToFCM( UIApplication.SharedApplication.KeyWindow.RootViewController );

 // TODO: If necessary send token to application server.
}

public static void ConnectToFCM( UIViewController fromViewController )
{
 Messaging.SharedInstance.Connect( error => {
 if (error != null) {
 Helper.logD( "Unable to connect to FCM", error.LocalizedDescription );
 } else {
 //var options = new NSDictionary();
 //options.SetValueForKey( DeviceToken, Constants.RegisterAPNSOption );
 //options.SetValueForKey( new NSNumber( true ), Constants.APNSServerTypeSandboxOption );

 //InstanceId.SharedInstance.GetToken("", InstanceId.ScopeFirebaseMessaging
 Token = InstanceId.SharedInstance.Token;

 Console.WriteLine( $"Token: {InstanceId.SharedInstance.Token}" );
 HasFCM = true;
 }
 } );
}
// ------------------ End Google FCM ---------------------
// -------------------------------------------------------
}
</code></pre>

上面的代码初始化您的应用程序，以便它可以接收通知。 

重要提示:您还需要为您的应用设置适当的权限；请参阅 Apple 文档或问题中提到的链接。你需要这个文件:

权利.plist:

<pre><code><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>aps-environment</key>
<string>development</string>
</dict>
</plist>
</code></pre>

上面的 <code><string></code> 必须包含“开发”或“生产”。 (我不知道我们的应用程序在这里仍然说“开发”的意义；我还没有检查构建的内容以查看它是否在提交给 Apple 之前被 Xcode 自动更改为“生产”。根据 <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/40857877/199364" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">https://stackoverflow.com/a/40857877/199364</a> 它确实。)

<hr/>

然后你需要代码来发送 [例如您的应用告诉您的服务器通知您 friend 的设备您现在正在做什么] 并接收本地或远程通知。在我们的应用程序中，该代码与我们特定的通知操作和类别相结合；我没有时间提取一个简洁的版本在这里发布。有关完整详细信息，请参阅 Apple 文档或原始问题中提到的链接。

以下是接收通知的基本方法(添加到上面的<code>class AppDelegate</code>):

<pre><code> public override void ReceivedLocalNotification( UIApplication application, UILocalNotification notification )
{
 ...
}

public override void DidReceiveRemoteNotification( UIApplication application, NSDictionary userInfo, Action<UIBackgroundFetchResult> completionHandler )
{
 ...
}

public void DidReceiveNotificationResponse( UNUserNotificationCenter center, UNNotificationResponse response, Action completionHandler )
{
 ...
}
</code></pre>

您可能希望/需要覆盖或实现的其他方法(另请参阅上面 <code>class AppDelegate</code> 上声明的接口(interface))；其中一些可能特定于 FCM:

<pre><code>ApplicationReceivedRemoteMessage
ReceivedRemoteNotification
WillPresentNotification
PerformFetch (for background notifications)
HandleAction
</code></pre>

关于ios - 如何为 iOS 版本 9 + 10(可能还有 8)实现 Apple 推送通知？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题：
<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41798124/" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow" style="color: red;">
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41798124/
</a>

页: [1]

OGeek|极客世界-中国程序员成长平台's Archiver

ios - 如何为 iOS 版本 9 &#43; 10(可能还有 8)实现 Apple 推送通知？

ios - 如何为 iOS 版本 9 + 10(可能还有 8)实现 Apple 推送通知？